Abstract：
:The present study examined differences in gustatory processing for tasters and non-tasters of phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) by assessing intensity judgment reaction times in these two groups. After prescreening for sensitivity to PTC, subjects were asked to judge whether solutions of sucrose, sodium chloride, quinine sulfate, hydrochloric acid and PTC were weak, medium or strong as quickly as they were able. Based on the reaction time and PTC sensitivity data, three groups of subjects were identified; tasters, sensitive non-tasters and less sensitive non-tasters. The taster population was characterized by their high sensitivity to PTC and a typical, negatively skewed distribution of reaction times. Sensitive non-tasters demonstrated a distribution of reaction times that was similar to that observed with tasters. However, these subjects were insensitive to PTC. The less sensitive non-tasters were insensitive to PTC and produced reaction times that were significantly slower than those produced for the other two groups across all of the substances tested. It is hypothesized that two groups of PTC non-tasters exist. One group has a specific deficit involving PTC and related compounds. The other group demonstrates sensitivity deficits for a wide range of gustatory stimuli.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Frank RA,Korchmar DLdoi
10.1016/0031-9384(85)90343-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-08-01 00:00:00pages
239-42issue
2eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
0031-9384(85)90343-9journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Rats exhibit a sensitive period from the time of birth until postnatal day 10 during which they develop preferences for odors even if those odors are paired with a moderately aversive stimulus. It is still unknown whether pre-exposure to an odor produces alterations on intake responses of basic tastants, and on other ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.12.041
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study measured plasma corticosterone levels in male rats during repeated daily presentations of two intensities of restraint stress. The corticosterone response to a stress session was defined as the change from pre-stress levels to levels after 60 minutes of restraint. With the relatively intense stress imposed ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(88)90097-2
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Experiment 1, subjects sought to localize the nostril stimulated, left or right, in tests with nine esters (acetates, propionates, and butyrates) at concentrations meant to trigger chemesthesis (pungency, irritation). The task produced psychometric functions for chemesthetic detection unconfounded by olfactory sens...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.03.035
更新日期：2006-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Human locomotion, as a behavioral system, is well suited for investigating the interplay of learning with innate biological mechanisms. The present work assembled, from previous findings, a test battery of operant conditioning to modify strong ongoing electromyographic (EMG) activity of the left tibialis anterior (TA)...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(86)90130-7
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An operant chamber has been developed for studying lever-press conditioning in the green crab Carcinus maenas. In one series of experiments, animals were presented with a single bar and were reinforced with food for every bar press. Performance increased over time and high rates of responding were observed after 2 day...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(90)90311-q
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Supervised exercise therapy is the first step in treatment of intermittent claudication. However, adherence to supervised exercise therapy is low. Limited access and reimbursement issues are known reasons, though lack of motivation is often leading. Behavioral determinants influencing motivation and thus adh...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112732
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Experiment 1, an SC injection of 14 micrograms CRH greatly suppressed the vocalizing of isolated guinea pig pups 1 h later and produced highly elevated plasma cortisol levels. In Experiment 2, SC injection of 18 international units of ACTH produced similar cortisol elevations, but had a negligible effect on vocaliz...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(91)90492-7
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The beneficial effects of touch in development were already observed in different types of skin-to-skin care. In the current study, we aimed at studying potential underlying mechanisms of these effects in terms of parasympatho-inhibitory regulation. We examined the specific impact of affective maternal stroking versus...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.04.024
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male and female spontaneously hypertensive (SHR), Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assessed at one of two ages (postnatal day 74 or 346) for open field locomotor activity and anxiety-related behavior in the elevated plus maze (EPM). In general, the SHR displayed the least anxiety-related behavior,...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.06.009
更新日期：2005-08-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiations are known to cause behavioural perturbations like conditioned taste aversion (CTA), performance decrement, learning, etc., even at very low doses. The manifestation of radiation-induced behavioural degradation has not been understood well and requires further studies. Therefore, the effects of low-dose whol...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00434-6
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male sexual satiety has been associated with a decrease in dopamine levels. Spontaneous recovery of copulatory behavior begins at least 72 h after sexual satiety is reached or in the condition in which a sexually-satiated male is exposed to a new receptive female distinct from the one with which sexual satiety was rea...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.08.029
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of the endocannabinoid system in vomiting has been previously studied using several animal species. These investigations have clearly demonstrated an anti-emetic role for the eCB, anandamide, in these animal models; however, research concerning the role of 2-arhachidonoylglycerol (2AG) has been less clear. Th...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.08.015
更新日期：2013-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Ghrelin, an acylated upper gastrointestinal peptide, is the only known orexigenic hormone. Considerable evidence implicates ghrelin in mealtime hunger and meal initiation. Circulating levels decrease with feeding and increase before meals, achieving concentrations sufficient to stimulate hunger and food intake. Prepra...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.05.022
更新日期：2006-08-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The circadian rhythm of hamster locomotor activity "splits" into two distinct circadian components during conditions of constant illumination. To determine if the circadian rhythm of body temperature also splits under these conditions, body temperature and locomotor activity were monitored concurrently in animals hous...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(84)90191-4
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In addition to the well-known activation of the pituitary-adrenal axis, acute exposure to severe stressors includes a temporary analgesia in rats. Thus, the present study investigates whether the pituitary was involved in the mediation of analgesia induced by severe cold-water swim (CWS) stress. Flinch-jump thresholds...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(79)90122-7
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osmoregulatory mechanisms can be vulnerable to electrolyte and/or endocrine environmental changes during the perinatal period, differentially programming the developing offspring and affecting them even in adulthood. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether availability of hypertonic sodium solution during the pe...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.11.015
更新日期：2012-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Endogenous opioid release has been linked to exercise. We investigated if opioid blockade following forced swimming, a common model of rodent exercise, influenced cerebral glucose metabolism in mice. PET scan was used to assess the uptake of Fludeoxyglucose (FDG-18), a marker of cerebral glucose metabolism in 19 regio...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113199
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the interchangeability of a new perceived recovery status scale (PRS) of 100 points through a comparison to the original 10-point version. This study also aimed to test the interchangeability of CR100 scale (Borg's rate of perceived exertion scale) in comparison to the CR10. Tw...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112641
更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The medial zone of parabrachial nuclei (PBN) serves as an obligatory synapse in the central gustatory system in rodents. Lesions in the PBN impair taste aversion learning and depletion-induced sodium appetite in rats, and also alter the ingestion of sapid stimuli. Interpretation of these lesion-induced behavioral defi...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90205-t
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical neurotransmitters (NT) are principal actors in all neuronal networks of animals. The central nervous system plays an important role in stress susceptibility and organizes the response to a stressful situation through the interaction of the dopaminergic and the serotonergic pathways, leading to the activation ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.10.005
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present work the existence of sex differences (Experiment 1) on the acquisition and extinction of a continuously reinforced response in a short and narrow runway (100 x 9 x 10 cm) were investigated. In addition to the investigation of the basic sex differences in Experiment 1, the effect of postpuberal gonadect...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(91)90230-l
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-four-day old weanling male and female rats were either lesioned in the septal area, gonadectomized, lesioned and gonadectomized, or untreated. Tests for reactivity to electric shock were conducted at 26 and at 40 days of age. Neither males nor females showed any effect of the lesions are measured by flinch and ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(77)90046-4
更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Associative conditioning of satiety indicates that concentrated maltodextrin (cMD) may induce a mildly aversive visceral signal within 20 min of its ingestion, as well as satiating normally. Individuals' awareness of this adverse state was tested on ratings of statistically distinct descriptions of factors liable to s...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.11.027
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously have reported that nondopamine (non-DA) neurons in substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the rat show increased discharge rates during amphetamine (AMPH) and apomorphine (APO)-induced motor activity. The present study represents an attempt to determine the contribution of nucleus accu...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90201-c
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intake of saline (NaCl) solutions and water by males of two inbred strains of mice [C57BL/6J (C57) and 129/J] were examined using 48-h, two-bottle preference tests. There was a large strain difference in saline intake: at moderate concentrations (0.075-0.150 M) C57 mice tended to reject saline relative to water, where...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90063-l
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelium-aggressive factors are associated with the development of atherosclerosis. Exercise training can either prevent or attenuate this process, but little is known about the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in adolescents. Thus, we assessed the effects of HIIT on endothelial function, lipid pr...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112728
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies showed that when socially isolated at 22 degrees C, postnatal day 14 rats, but not younger day 7 rats, reduce their emission of ultrasonic vocalizations when exposed to an unfamiliar adult male rat, a naturalistic threat. Because ultrasound production is associated with factors such as age and body te...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90336-z
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The golden spiny mouse Acomys russatus is a rock dwelling rodent which lives in extremely arid and hot habitats. In Israel it is nocturnal except in areas in which it coexists with the common spiny mouse A. cahirinus. In such places it is diurnal. The daily rhythms of body temperature (Tb) and oxygen consumption (VO2)...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)00126-4
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scopolamine induced blockade of play fighting in juvenile rats and the rapid induction of behavioral tolerance to an initially effective dosage suggested a rebound in social play following chronic scopolamine exposure. Juvenile rats received daily intraperitoneal scopolamine or saline injections for one week. Play sol...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(84)90132-x
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have shown that growth hormone (GH)-deficient/resistant animals have a prolonged lifespan compared with their normal siblings. Studies in our laboratory have suggested that both Ames dwarf and GH receptor/GH binding protein knockout (GH-R-KO) mice do not experience age-induced cognitive aging at the sa...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2003.10.018
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
