Abstract：
:An enzyme which catalyzed the hydrolysis of crotoxyphos ((E)-1-phenylethyl 3-[(dimethoxyphosphinyl)oxy]-2-butenoate) was isolated from nonsterile and radiation-sterilized Chehalis clay loam with 1.5M Tris (2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol) and partially purified with lead acetate treatment. Two soil-g equivalents of lead acetate purified enzyme in pH 8 buffer hydrolyzed 0.13 mumol of substrate to dimethyl phosphate and alpha-methylbenzyl 3-hydroxycrotonate in 16 hr at 37 degrees C. The enzyme exhibited maximal activity around pH 8.0 and was irreversibly inactivated below pH 5.0 or above pH 10.0. The Km value for crotoxyphos was calculated to be 4.63 x 10(-3) M. The enzyme was stable at 60 degrees C for 10 min, retained activity indefinitely at -10 degrees C, and was completely inactivated within a week at room temperature. When applied to autoclayed Chehalis clay loam, purified enzyme lost 75% of its activity after one week and the remainder within two weeks.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Getzin LW,Satyanarayana Tdoi
10.1007/BF01054868subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-01-01 00:00:00pages
661-72issue
6eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Demographic characteristics of a white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) population inhabiting a woodland containing a low level of PCBs contamination were compared to an uncontaminated reference site. Although population density was higher on the PCBs-contaminated grid, the population exhibited greater temporal vari...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00214844
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laboratory studies of algicide toxicity to algal species provide information to improve the efficacy and efficiency of copper-containing algicides in actual field situations. The objectives of this study were (1) to measure the influence of copper form, initial concentration, and duration of exposure on the response o...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-002-1135-1
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Buffalo River Estuary in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were assessed in this study. A total of 60 surface water and 19 sediment samples were collected from 5 sites of the estuary over a period of 6 months (December 201...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-019-00617-w
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methylmercury cation (MeHg) and divalent mercury (Hg++) accumulation in liver, kidney, and brain were quantified in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) at 0, 3, 6, and 12 weeks during chronic exposure to aqueous MeHg. Dose groups received deionized water or aqueous solutions containing 9, 103, or 920 ng MeHg/ml. Our ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-006-0006-6
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sand fiddler crabs, Uca panacea, were exposed in laboratory habitats to measured concentrations of ULV-grade fenthion via simulated aerial spray at 5% and 50% of field rate application of 6-12 mg fenthion/m(2) (0.05-0.10 lbs fenthion/acre). Two habitats served as controls, and two habitats served as replicates for eac...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449910043
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Copper and zinc toxicity to the freshwater alga Chlorella sp. was determined at a range of pH values (5.5-8.0) in a synthetic softwater (hardness 40-48 mg CaCO(3)/L). The effects of the metals on algal growth (cell division) rate were determined after 48-h exposure at pH 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, and 8.0. The toxicity ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-0256-0
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intermolt crab Carcinus maenas and clam Ruditapes philippinarum were used to determine the toxicity of sediments collected in four Spanish ports (Cádiz, Huelva, Pasajes, and Bilbao) under laboratory conditions during 28 days. Sediment samples were analyzed to determine chemical concentration of metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu,...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-006-0121-4
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, ice and water samples were collected from seven sites along the Baotou section of the Yellow River during winter 2013. Total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in the ice and in the water under the ice ranged from 21.3 to 59.4 ng L(-1), and from 38.3 to 222.4 ng L(-1), respectively. Th...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-015-0135-x
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are two kinds of emerging contaminants most studied in recent years. However, there is limited information about their combined toxicity to aquatic organisms. In the present study, the single and combined toxicity of PFOA and PFOS to zebrafish (Danio r...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-012-9864-2
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To monitor the exposure of Canadian populations, Health Canada has carried out six major surveys of breast milk contaminants, beginning in 1967. In these national surveys, breast milk was collected from nursing mothers at various times in their nursing period, and the concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons were me...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900434
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which cause environmental pollution, are found in animal-based fatty foods. Due to their long half-life and lipophilic properties, they can accumulate in the fat tissues of cattle. The study was conducted to compare the PCB levels (PCB28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180) in the differ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-019-00679-w
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The United States Environmental Protection Agency has defined national in-stream water-quality criteria (WQC) for 157 pollutants. No WQC to protect aquatic life exist for total dissolved solids (TDS). Some water-treatment processes (e.g., pH modifications) discharge wastewaters of potentially adverse TDS into freshwat...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-0034-z
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:English sole (Parophrys vetulus) are susceptible to the development of hepatic disease, including neoplasia, as a result of environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The metabolism of PAHs, believed to be an essential factor in the development of neoplasia, has received considerable study in E...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01065834
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oil sands process-affected water (OSPW), which can be potentially toxic to aquatic biota, is a major by-product of bitumen mining in northern Alberta. The effects of environmental factors on the toxicity of OSPW are understudied. In the present study, the impacts of seasonal changes in water quality on the toxic effec...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0460-3
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The polychaete Nereis virens occurs commonly in marine sediments, is widely distributed, and is a popular bait species, as well as a potential replacement for wild-caught fish in commercial fish feed preparations. It is being considered as a potential co-extractive species for culture in integrated multi-trophic aquac...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0461-2
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mercury accumulation rates measured in age-dated sediment cores were compared at three Washington state lakes. Offutt Lake and Lake St. Clair are located immediately downwind (18 and 28 km, respectively) of a coal-fired power plant and Lake Sammamish is located outside of the immediate area of the plant (110 km). The ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-010-9530-5
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Liao River Basin (LRB), located in northeast China, is one of seven largest river basins in China. The Daliao River Watershed (DLRW) is severely disturbed by human activities in the LRB. In this study, three rivers within the DLRW-Xi River (XR), Hun River (HR), and Daliao River (DLR)-were selected as sampling location...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0482-x
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selenium (Se) is an essential trace nutrient, but in excess, it can induce toxicity. Incomplete combustion of coal produces coal combustion wastes, which are enriched in Se and often disposed of in aquatic basins. While a multitude of studies have investigated Se accumulation in vertebrates, few studies have examined ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0370-4
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine temporal and geographic variations of environmentally persistent pollutants, the concentrations of several contaminants were measured in snapping turtle eggs in 1999 and 2000. Contaminants included polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), non- ortho PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and furans, organochlorine...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-3012-6
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several field studies of selenium-contaminated lakes and reservoirs have indicated the possibility of selenium-induced reproductive failure in important populations of fish. These investigators have hypothesized that bioaccumulation of selenium through the food chain led to fish selenium levels high enough to elicit t...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01160293
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study estimated hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) as a sum of three main isomers (α, β, and γ) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) from Gdansk Zoo and in their sole food, Baltic herring (Clupea harengus), from Gdansk Bay. The average concentration of HBCD in whole herrin...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-014-0081-z
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report summarizes a study of the chemical and biological characteristics of three oligotrophic lakes located in a region that receives a moderately acidic precipitation (mean annual pH 4.5-4.6), and a sulfate deposition of about 20 kg/ha/yr. The two brownwater lakes are relatively acidic (pH 4.5 and 4.8), and muc...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01056203
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mercury (Hg) biomonitoring of pinnipeds increasingly utilizes nonlethally collected tissues such as hair and blood. The relationship between total Hg concentrations ([THg]) in these tissues is not well understood for marine mammals, but it can be important for interpretation of tissue concentrations with respect to ec...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-015-0174-3
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Residues of organic contaminants--including toxaphene, DDT, trifluralin, hexachlorocyclohexanes, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nonylphenol--were measured in 32 cotton field soils collected from South Carolina and Georgia in 1999. Toxaphene, trifluralin, DDT and PAHs were the ma...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-002-0267-7
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus have a high commercial value and are cultured in farms where they are potentially exposed to pesticides. Therefore, we examined the sublethal effects of a 50-day exposure to glyphosate acid and polyoxyethylenamine (POEA), both alone and in a 3:1 mixture, on the growth and ene...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-011-9661-3
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects were determined of externally treating mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) eggs with two insecticides (lindane and toxaphene) and two herbicides (paraquat and 2,4,5-T) with formulations and concentrations similar to field applications. Paraquat was the most embryotoxic of the four compounds regardless of the type...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01055190
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The origins and spatial and temporal distributions of air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, CO, SO2, NO2 and O3) during May to June of 2015 were investigated using data from 1490 monitoring sites in China. Aerosol number concentrations and meteorological data from Shijiazhuang, Nanjing, and Suzhou were combined with the MIX As...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0401-1
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Naturally derived microbial communities were developed in the laboratory under three nutrient regimes by manipulating phosphate and nitrate concentrations. Resulting communities differed in both functional and structural attributes. Low nutrient microcosms (0.05 mg N-NO3-/L + 0.01 mg P-PO4-3/L) showed the sharpest dif...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900395
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute toxicity tests of selenium dioxide were conducted for 96 to 336 hr in intermittent-flow bioassay systems using six species of freshwater fish. The decreasing order of species sensitivity was: fathead minnow, flagfish, brook trout, channel catfish, goldfish, and bluegil. Curves relating median lethal concentratio...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02221018
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mercury (Hg) used in gold amalgamation is a major source of contamination in developing countries. Water, sediments, plankton, fish, and human samples from Grande Marsh, a Hg-polluted marsh located in the south of Bolívar, municipality of Montecristo, Colombia, were collected during both the rainy and the dry seasons ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-007-9129-7
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
