Abstract：
:Notifications of morbidity are frequently incomplete but they represent the only practicable way of carrying out large-scale surveillance. Studies of hepatitis in the Central District of Israel offered an opportunity of assessing the reliability of routine data. The regular canvassing of physicians resulted in a 2-3-fold increase in reports of viral hepatitis. Comparisons of rates before and after canvassing with those for an insured population within the Central District indicated that there was an improvement from 37.4% in 1960/61 to 96.2% in 1968/69. None the less, the lower (precanvassing) level of reporting adequately delineated year-to-year fluctuations in morbidity, the seasonal cycle, and age distribution. One consequence of canvassing was a distortion of the secular trend not only for hepatitis but also for some other communicable diseases.
journal_name
Bull World Health Organjournal_title
Bulletin of the World Health Organizationauthors
Brachott D,Mosley JWsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1972-01-01 00:00:00pages
457-64issue
4eissn
0042-9686issn
1564-0604journal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Recent studies with the indirect haemagglutination test for malaria are reviewed. Aspects of methodology, reproducibility, specificity, and sensitivity are discussed. A procedure is presented for application in the field, which indicates some progress towards developing a simple field method for the epidemiological su...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Water velocity is an important physical factor in the conditioning of streams and canals as habitats for the intermediate snail host of bilharziasis. Ecologists in most of the bilharziasis endemic areas have studied the resistance of these molluscs to the disturbing action of water motion. However, the complex nature ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1962-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new straightforward photometric method for the assay of the antimalarial drug chloroquine and its metabolites in urine is described. The method involves an ion-pair extraction procedure with dichloromethane using the acid-base indicator bromthymol blue as counter-ion. The ion pair formed with chloroquine in the orga...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We aimed to determine the burden of bacillary dysentery in China, its cross-regional variations, trends in morbidity and mortality, the causative bacterial species and antimicrobial resistance patterns. METHODS:We extracted and integrated governmental statistics and relevant medical literature published from...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/blt.05.023853
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As culture filtrates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been shown by numerous workers to be antigenically heterogeneous, a series of experiments has been started to identify some of the different antigens likely to be useful in laboratory tests for measuring the antibodies in human blood. The work involves the fracti...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1955-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four cases of Plasmodium ovale malaria are reported among US servicemen stationed in Viet-Nam between January 1966 and March 1969. Taken together with other cases cited by the authors, these provide strong evidence of the existence (sometimes disputed) of this Plasmodium in continental South-East Asia.None of the men ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1970-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Histochemical staining methods for acid phosphatase were used to study the differences among microfilariae of various West African strains of Onchocerca volvulus in both forest and Sudan-savanna onchocerciasis zones. The results have shown statistically significant differences in the staining patterns of microfilarial...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The acute toxicity of most of the commonly used organophosphorus insecticides is essentially the same. A few compounds with low toxicity, such as malathion, have been developed but further efforts in that direction are needed. Most of the organophosphorus insecticides exert a generalized cholinergic action by inhibiti...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1971-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 100 male Zambian patients with symptomatic falciparum malaria were treated with either two tablets of mefloquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (Fansimef) or three tablets of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (Fansidar) as a single dose. The patients were kept under observation from day 0 (day of treatment) to day ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a need to reassess the role of the trypanosomiases, both human and animal, in African ecology and economy. Withdrawal of control services from the Congo basin was followed by a resurgence of infection from ancient foci, many of them thought to have been extinguished. Successful elimination of Glossina in sava...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1969-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate incidence of shigellosis in the Kaengkhoi district, Saraburi Province, Thailand. METHODS:Population-based surveillance of shigellosis based in treatment centres. The detected rates of treated shigellosis were corrected for the number of cases missed due to the low sensitivity of microbiological c...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：/S0042-96862005001000010
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As in an earlier study, the authors have endeavoured to review the world incidence of poliomyelitis on the basis of the available statistical information (official notifications of cases and deaths) and to compare these data with data received from various sources regarding the prevailing viruses.It is certainly not y...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1956-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uruguay is hosting the WHO Global Conference on Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) this month, from 18-20 October. Tabaré Vázquez, the President of Uruguay, tells the Bulletin of the World Health Organization about his country's efforts to prevent and fight NCDs and why countries should step up the global response. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.2471/BLT.17.031017
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This Memorandum discusses two areas of research into rheumatic disease in which it is considered international cooperation would be valuable. These are: (a) standardization and cooperative evaluation of immunological tests used in diagnosis, clinico-pathological assessment, and epidemiological work; and (b) standardiz...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To summarize the existing evidence on the efficacy of artemether and arteether, two artemisinin derivatives, versus quinine for treating cerebral malaria in children. METHODS:We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the http://clinicaltrials.gov web site. We also ch...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2471/BLT.08.060327
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Countries signed up to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development face the challenge of achieving economic progress without damaging the environment or depleting natural resources. Göran Tomson tells Fiona Fleck how scientists can help. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.2471/BLT.18.030918
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The eradication of poliomyelitis in Cuba, for which effective vaccines had to be acquired, is reviewed in this article. The strategy for eradication was based on mass immunization campaigns for the annual delivery of two doses of trivalent Sabin oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Except during the first campaign in 1962, ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eighteen patients with Plasmodium falciparum infection were studied in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, to monitor the response of the malaria parasite to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. In all infections the parasitaemia was cleared rapidly following treatment with standard dose of the drug combination; no recrudescence was observe...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thiotepa and its oxygen analogue tepa, used to chemosterilize males of Culex pipiens fatigans for genetic control purposes, are toxic and mutagenic. An investigation showed that adult mosquitos that had been treated as pupae showed no detectable chemosterilant in their tissue 24 hours after emergence from the pupal st...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycotoxicoses are diseases caused by mycotoxins, i.e. secondary metabolites of moulds. Although they occur more frequently in areas with a hot and humid climate, favourable for the growth of moulds, they can also be found in temperate zones. Exposure to mycotoxins is mostly by ingestion, but also occurs by the dermal ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It remains unclear why there is such marked variation in the severity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic between African countries. The prevalence of HIV infection has reached high levels in many parts of southern Africa but in most countries of West Africa the levels are much lower. Although there is ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Village-wide use of permethrin-impregnated bed nets, compared with placebo-treated nets, has reduced clinical attacks of malaria by 63% in the Gambia. Costs were calculated for nets made by local tailors and for their treatment with insecticide in the villages, as well as for targeted chemoprophylaxis and back-up trea...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tamiami virus produces a lethal encephalitis in suckling mice, and the illness is mediated, at least in part, by cellular immunity. Infection of extraneural organs, including lymphoid organs, is limited. The same virus produces a widespread infection in its natural host, the cotton rat, but neither symptomatic illness...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The biological and molecular properties of both virulent and vaccine types of influenza virus strains are reviewed, including their analysis in laboratory animals and in organ tissue cultures, as well as studies of their genome peculiarities. Methods are discussed for obtaining attenuated donor strains of influenza vi...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At present there is no reliable test for use under field conditions for assessing cure in schistosomal infections. It had previously been found that in such infections the excretion of beta-glucuronidase in the urine is increased, but a test based on this fact would be impracticable in the field because of the need to...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1966-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the course of a village-scale trial of fenthion, carried out in a village near Lagos, Nigeria, 40% fenthion water-dispersible powder was used at a 3.75% concentration. This was applied by Galeazzi "OM" sprayers with constant-pressure assemblies. The target concentration was 1.5 g/m(2). Filter-papers were placed on ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1963-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Papua New Guinea the bottle-feeding of babies has been increasing, predominantly among unemployed women of low educational status. Many women are unaware of their legal right to have breaks at work for the purpose of breastfeeding, and a high proportion of workplaces have no facilities for mothers who wish to breas...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current textbooks link influenza pandemics to influenza A virus subtypes H2 (1889-91), H3 (1990), H1 (1918-20), H2 (1957-58) and H3 (1968), a pattern suggesting subtype recycling in humans. Since H1 reappeared in 1977, whatever its origin, some workers feel that H2 is the next pandemic candidate. This report reviews t...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PROBLEM:The visit of Pope Francis to the Philippines in January 2015 coincided with a tropical storm. For security reasons, the only road in and out of the area was closed 14.5 hours before the Pope's arrival. This meant that people had to wait for many hours with little shelter at the site. Medical teams in the field ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.15.158089
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of several DDT-resistant strains of Anopheles atroparvus is described. They were selected by larval treatment only (RL), selection of larval and adult females (RLAF), and selection of adult females and males (RAFM). Their rate of DDT-resistance was measured in the larval and adult states (mainly in the...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1959-01-01 00:00:00
