Effect of a control programme on transmission of Schistosoma mansoni on an irrigated estate in Tanzania.

Abstract:

:Three methods were used to measure the level of transmission of infections of Schistosoma mansoni on an irrigated sugar estate in northern Tanzania. The studies were carried out over a period of 3 years, during a programme for the control of the host snail Biomphalaria pfeifferi. During the second and third years a mass diagnosis and treatment campaign against the infection was also carried out. Examinations for infection were made in newly employed subjects on arrival and after 6 and 12 months. Two studies were made in young children at an interval of 18 months, to determine age prevalence curves. In the third method, subjects were examined for infection 18 months after being found free from infection in a previous survey. Results are compared with data recorded in a previous study, made before snail control was commenced. The results suggest that the control programme has led to a great reduction in the incidence of S. mansoni on the estate.

authors

Fenwick A

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1972-01-01 00:00:00

pages

325-30

issue

3

eissn

0042-9686

issn

1564-0604

journal_volume

47

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Medico-legal aspects of medical certification of cause of death.

    abstract::This paper deals with the medico-legal aspects of death certification, the inadequate attention accorded to these aspects in most of the present death certificate forms, and the consequences resulting from this circumstance. A description is also given of the revision of the national system of medical certification of...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: ISOTALO A

    更新日期:1960-01-01 00:00:00

  • Are skilled birth attendants really skilled? A measurement method, some disturbing results and a potential way forward.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Delivery by a skilled birth attendant (SBA) serves as an indicator of progress towards reducing maternal mortality worldwide -- the fifth Millennium Development Goal. Though WHO tracks the proportion of women delivered by SBAs, we know little about their competence to manage common life-threatening obstetric ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/blt.06.038455

    authors: Harvey SA,Blandón YC,McCaw-Binns A,Sandino I,Urbina L,Rodríguez C,Gómez I,Ayabaca P,Djibrina S,Nicaraguan Maternal and Neonatal Health Quality Improvement Group.

    更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00

  • A single-radial-immunodiffusion technique for the assay of influenza haemagglutinin antigen. Proposals for an assay method for the haemagglutinin content of influenza vaccines.

    abstract::Single-radial-diffusion techniques are proposed as possible alternatives to tests based on agglutination of erythrocytes for the assay of the haemagglutinin content of influenza vaccines. Two test procedures (microtest and macrotest) and the use of reference reagents to assay vaccines using these tests are described. ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Schild GC,Wood JM,Newman RW

    更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00

  • Community-based interventions for diarrhoeal diseases and acute respiratory infections in Nepal.

    abstract:PROBLEM:Acute diarrhoeal diseases and acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the most common causes of child mortality worldwide. Safe, effective and inexpensive solutions are available for prevention and control, but they do not reach needy communities. APPROACH:Interventions based on research were designed to train...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/BLT.09.065649

    authors: Ghimire M,Pradhan YV,Maskey MK

    更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00

  • Human African trypanosomiasis: a latex agglutination field test for quantifying IgM in cerebrospinal fluid.

    abstract::LATEX/IgM, a rapid agglutination test for the semi-quantitative detection of IgM in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with African trypanosomiasis, is described in this article. The lyophilized reagent has been designed for field use and remains stable at 45 degrees C for one year. The test has been evaluated on cerebro...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Lejon V,Büscher P,Sema NH,Magnus E,Van Meirvenne N

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • The cost of type 1 diabetes: a nationwide multicentre study in Brazil.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the direct medical costs of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) to the National Brazilian Health-Care System (NBHCS) and quantify the contribution of each individual component to the total cost. METHODS:A retrospective, cross-sectional, nationwide multicentre study was conducted between 2008 and 201...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.2471/BLT.12.110387

    authors: Cobas RA,Ferraz MB,Matheus AS,Tannus LR,Negrato CA,Antonio de Araujo L,Dib SA,Gomes MB,Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group.

    更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00

  • User fees, health staff incentives, and service utilization in Kabarole District, Uganda.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the impact of user fees on the utilization of health services in a community-based cost-sharing scheme in Kabarole District, western Uganda. METHODS:Of the 38 government health units that had introduced user-fee financing schemes, 11 were included in the study. Outpatient utilization was assesse...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Kipp W,Kamugisha J,Jacobs P,Burnham G,Rubaale T

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Global surveillance of antibiotic sensitivity of Vibrio cholerae.

    abstract::Strains of Vibrio cholerae-1156 from various parts of the world-were examined by standardized antibiotic sensitivity tests in one centre, to determine the global incidence of antibiotic resistance in this organism and to assess the extent to which differences in methods of sensitivity testing might be responsible for ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: O'Grady F,Lewis MJ,Pearson NJ

    更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00

  • Genetical studies on dieldrin-resistance in Aedes aegypti and its cross-resistance to DDT.

    abstract::A strain of Aëdes aegypti was recently found in Puerto Rico which proved to be resistant to both DDT and dieldrin. This paper reports on genetical studies of this strain to determine whether a single entity is involved or two distinct resistances. Tests carried out by repeated back-crossing combined with selection pre...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: KHAN NH,BROWN AW

    更新日期:1961-01-01 00:00:00

  • Studies on heterologous immunity in schistosomiasis. 4. Heterologous schistosome immunity in cattle.

    abstract::Previous studies have shown that when mice and monkeys are infected with bovine schistosomes they develop a considerable degree of heterologous immunity against subsequent challenge with Schistosoma mansoni. The present report describes a study on the reverse effect in which calves were first exposed to cercariae of S...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Hussein MF,Saeed AA,Nelson GS

    更新日期:1970-01-01 00:00:00

  • ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENCY OF TUBERCULIN IN HUMANS AND GUINEA-PIGS.

    abstract::The biological effects of tuberculin in an organism infected with tubercle bacilli are due to an unknown number of different substances, which are present in varying concentrations in different tuberculin preparations. Consequently, the response to tuberculin tests with various products is likely to vary with the biol...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: HANSEN OG,LINDQVIST K,WAALER H

    更新日期:1964-01-01 00:00:00

  • The relationship between the tick-borne encephalitis virus and the ticks and mammals of the Tribec mountain range.

    abstract::The basic problem in the study of tick-borne virus diseases is to establish where the virus is maintained in nature. In general, this focus will be found where there are large and relatively stable populations of ticks, small rodents and insectivores. In the Tribec region the principal vector of tick-borne encephaliti...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Nosek J,Grulich I

    更新日期:1967-01-01 00:00:00

  • Epidemiology of malaria in pregnancy in central India.

    abstract::Analysis of three years of data from a malaria clinic operated by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in the Government Medical College Hospital in Jabalpur, central India, showed a high malaria prevalence among pregnant women, which was statistically highly significant (P < 0.0001) compared with the situati...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Singh N,Shukla MM,Sharma VP

    更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00

  • Development of vaccines against cholera and diarrhoea due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: memorandum from a WHO meeting.

    abstract::This Memorandum summarizes current knowledge on the epidemiology of cholera and diarrhoea due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and outlines the results of recent research to develop an effective oral vaccine against cholera. The meeting reviewed current research on the protective antigens of ETEC and made a ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors:

    更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00

  • Perinatal mortality in southern Brazil: a population-based study of 7392 births.

    abstract::Perinatal, fetal and early neonatal mortality rates were determined in a population of 7392 babies born in hospitals in Pelotas (total population, 260 000) during 1982. These babies represented over 99% of all births in the city in that year. The perinatal mortality rate for singletons was 31.9 per 1000 total births, ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Barros FC,Victora CG,Vaughan JP,Estanislau HJ

    更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00

  • ParaSight-F rapid manual diagnostic test of Plasmodium falciparum infection.

    abstract::The ParaSight(R)-F test is a qualitative diagnostic test of Plasmodium falciparum, which is based on the detection by a monoclonal antibody of a species-specific soluble antigen (histidine-rich protein (HRP-II)) in whole blood and which can be performed without special equipment. A visual reading is given by a polyclo...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:

    authors: Uguen C,Rabodonirina M,De Pina JJ,Vigier JP,Martet G,Maret M,Peyron F

    更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of the alkaline haematin D-575 method for haemoglobin estimation in east Africa.

    abstract::In many health facilities in east Africa, haemoglobin estimation is performed using visual colour comparison methods. Efforts to establish colorimetric methods face numerous constraints, including the unavailability of standards for quality control. In contrast, the alkaline haematin D-575 method for haemoglobin estim...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Lema OE,Carter JY,Arube PA,Munafu CG,Wangai MW,Rees PH

    更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00

  • Idiopathic cardiomegaly.

    abstract::Cardiomyopathies are certain heart diseases of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, occurring mostly in tropical and subtropical areas, where they constitute a major clinical problem and sometimes a public health problem. The need for international co-operation in the study of such forms of heart disease has long been r...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors:

    更新日期:1968-01-01 00:00:00

  • The present status of control of Culex pipiens fatigans.

    abstract::At present, larvicidal attack is the only feasible measure for the control of Culex pipiens fatigans. However, in the cities of the tropics, which are the principal sites of the filariasis problem, this has usually been a losing battle. The proper method of larval control is to eliminate the breeding sites; instead th...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Brown AW

    更新日期:1967-01-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic sex separation in Anopheles arabiensis and the production of sterile hybrids.

    abstract::The gene for dieldrin resistance has been artificially male-linked so that females can be selectively killed with dieldrin. By intercrossing different sibling species of the Anopheles gambiae complex, batches consisting of sterile males only can be reared. This seems to have potential for use in genetic control operat...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Curtis CF

    更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00

  • Hepatitis B and C virus seroprevalence, Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study.

    abstract:Objective:To estimate population-wide hepatitis B and C seroprevalence using dried blood spot samples acquired for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) surveillance as part of the 2010-2011 Demographic and Health Survey in Burkina Faso. Methods:We used the database acquired during the multistage, clustered, population-b...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/BLT.18.208603

    authors: Meda N,Tuaillon E,Kania D,Tiendrebeogo A,Pisoni A,Zida S,Bollore K,Medah I,Laureillard D,Moles JP,Nagot N,Nebie KY,Van de Perre P,Dujols P

    更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00

  • Catastrophic household expenditure on health in Nepal: a cross-sectional survey.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the incidence of - and illnesses commonly associated with - catastrophic household expenditure on health in Nepal. METHODS:We did a cross-sectional population-based survey in five municipalities of Kathmandu Valley between November 2011 and January 2012. For each household surveyed, out-of-pocke...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/BLT.13.126615

    authors: Saito E,Gilmour S,Rahman MM,Gautam GS,Shrestha PK,Shibuya K

    更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00

  • Active surveillance for congenital rubella syndrome in Yangon, Myanmar.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Rubella vaccine is not included in the immunization schedule in Myanmar. Although surveillance for outbreaks of measles and rubella is conducted nationwide, there is no routine surveillance for congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Therefore, we organized a study to assess the burden of CRS. METHODS:From 1 Dece...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/blt.05.022814

    authors: Thant KZ,Oo WM,Myint TT,Shwe TN,Han AM,Aye KM,Aye KT,Moe K,Thein S,Robertson SE

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • A simple system for the assessment of trachoma and its complications.

    abstract::A simple grading system for trachoma, based on the presence or absence of five selected "key" signs, has been developed. The method was tested in the field and showed good observer agreement, the most critical point being the identification of severe cases of the disease. It is expected that the system will facilitate...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Thylefors B,Dawson CR,Jones BR,West SK,Taylor HR

    更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00

  • Differentiation of variola, monkeypox, and vaccinia antisera by radioimmunoassay.

    abstract::Poxvirus antisera adsorbed with "homologous" and "heterologous" poxvirus-infected chorioallantoic membranes (CAM) were differentiated by solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA). Mixtures of the antiserum dilutions and infected CAM were added directly (without centrifugation) to poxvirus-infected CAM antigens affixed to wel...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Hutchinson HD,Ziegler DW,Wells DE,Nakano JH

    更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00

  • THE VALUE OF DUCK-EMBRYO VACCINE AND HIGH-EGG-PASSAGE FLURY VACCINE IN EXPERIMENTAL RABIES INFECTION IN GUINEA-PIGS.

    abstract::The authors have compared the value of multiple doses of duck-embryo and HEP Flury vaccine with that of pooled 5% sheep-brain vaccine in experimental rabies infection in guinea-pigs. They found that the duck-embryo vaccine given in a dosage corresponding to 14 ml of 10% vaccine (the dosage recommended for human treatm...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: VEERARAGHAVAN N,SUBRAHMANYAN TP

    更新日期:1963-01-01 00:00:00

  • Organ weights and water content of rats fed protein-deficient diets.

    abstract::To provide the basic information needed for studies of drug toxicity in rats suffering from protein deficiency, weanling male albino rats were fed for 28 days on either laboratory chow or a synthetic diet containing 27% or 8% of casein. The low-protein diet produced a kwashiorkoric cachexia characterized by stunting, ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: de Castro ES,Boyd EM

    更新日期:1968-01-01 00:00:00

  • Meningococcal infections. 1. Prevalence of serogroups causing disease in US Army personnel in 1964-70.

    abstract::Examination of large numbers of strains of meningococci associated with systemic disease in US Army personnel over a 7-year period has shown a changing pattern of sero-group prevalence and an increasing proportion of sulfadiazine-resistant organisms. These findings underline the failure of sulfadiazine prophylaxis and...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Artenstein MS,Schneider H,Tingley MD

    更新日期:1971-01-01 00:00:00

  • Bilharziasis survey in British Somaliland, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, the Sudan, and Yemen.

    abstract::A survey of bilharziasis and its vectors in certain countries of north-east Africa and of the Red Sea area, carried out between December 1951 and February 1952, is described within the framework of a review of the somewhat scattered and incomplete information already available on this subject in the literature. Clinic...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: AYAD N

    更新日期:1956-01-01 00:00:00

  • The second international standard for serum gonadotrophin.

    abstract::In 1961 the WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization asked the National Institute for Medical Research, London, to collect and study material to replace the first International Standard for Serum Gonadotrophin, stocks of which were running low. This paper describes the material that was contributed, its dist...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Bangham DR,Woodward PM

    更新日期:1966-01-01 00:00:00