2-(2-Bromophenyl)-formononetin and 2-heptyl-formononetin are PPARγ partial agonists and reduce lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Abstract:

:Isoflavones are bioactive compounds that have been shown to decrease lipid accumulation in vitro. However, the knowledge of the isoflavone formononetin is limited. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of formononetin and its two synthetic analogues, 2-(2-bromophenyl)-formononetin and 2-heptyl-formononetin, on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and investigate possible mechanisms. Formononetin and the two analogues were added day 0-8 or day 8-10 of the differentiation period, and lipid accumulation, glycerol release and gene expression were measured. Additionally, competitive peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ binding assay, PPARγ transactivation assay and Western blot for phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) were performed. Chronic treatment (day 0-8) with formononetin increased lipid accumulation, whereas the two analogues decreased lipid accumulation partly due to decreased differentiation. The two analogues, but not formononetin, also decreased lipid content in mature adipocytes. 2-Heptyl-formononetin increased glycerol release and lipolytic gene expression and decreased lipogenic gene expression. Formononetin did not bind to or activate PPARγ whereas both analogues bound to the receptor and behaved as PPARγ partial agonists in the transactivation assay. Neither of the compounds affected phosphorylation of AMPK. In conclusion, the analogues of formononetin decreased lipid accumulation possibly in part by acting as PPARγ partial agonists.

journal_name

Bioorg Med Chem

authors

Andersen C,Kotowska D,Tortzen CG,Kristiansen K,Nielsen J,Petersen RK

doi

10.1016/j.bmc.2014.08.037

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-11-01 00:00:00

pages

6105-11

issue

21

eissn

0968-0896

issn

1464-3391

pii

S0968-0896(14)00633-6

journal_volume

22

pub_type

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