Abstract：
:Although trench fever appears to be endemic in many areas of the world, recognition of the disease has been handicapped by the difficulties of making a clinical diagnosis and the unavailability of a simple laboratory procedure to establish the etiology. The author describes a method for the in vitro cultivation of Rickettsia quintana that provides a relatively simple means for the laboratory diagnosis of trench fever. R. quintana can be propagated with ease from the blood of patients directly on blood agar incubated at 37 degrees C for 12-14 days under a gas tension of 5% CO(2) in air. The number of rickettsiae circulating in the patient's peripheral blood can be quantitated. The protracted rickettsiaemia in trench fever makes for a relatively long period during which blood culture can be usefully employed.In the course of studies with the method described, it was found that erythrocytes contain a factor (or, possibly, factors) essential for multiplication of R. quintana; this factor is cryostable and thermostable and may be haemoglobin. Blood serum also promotes multiplication.
journal_name
Bull World Health Organjournal_title
Bulletin of the World Health Organizationauthors
Vinson JWsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1966-01-01 00:00:00pages
155-64issue
2eissn
0042-9686issn
1564-0604journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In the course of a village-scale trial of fenthion, carried out in a village near Lagos, Nigeria, 40% fenthion water-dispersible powder was used at a 3.75% concentration. This was applied by Galeazzi "OM" sprayers with constant-pressure assemblies. The target concentration was 1.5 g/m(2). Filter-papers were placed on ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1963-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The addition of Tween 80 to tuberculin dilutions as a stabilizer is known to increase the size of moderate and strong reactions but to reduce that of weak reactions. In order to find out whether this effect on reaction size is connected with the stabilizing action, a study was carried out to compare the reactions to t...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1965-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunization of non-pregnant women in rural Bangladesh with two doses of aluminium-adsorbed tetanus-diphtheria toxoids reduced neonatal mortality by one-third during a period of 9-32 months after vaccination. The reduction in mortality rate was attributable almost entirely to a 75% lower mortality rate among 4-14-day-...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1954-55, a controlled field trial of two types of typhoid vaccine-alcoholized ("vaccine A") and phenolized ("vaccine F")-prepared in Yugoslavia was carried out in the town and district of Osijek. In an attempt to correlate the protection conferred on man by these vaccines with their potency in laboratory animals, a...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1959-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enzyme immunoassays represent in many cases the preferred procedure for the detection of antigens or corresponding antibodies. However, many of the current procedures are performed suboptimally. This article reviews the available designs, auxiliary recognition systems, production and purification of antibodies, conjug...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reported is the use of a simplified methodology for carrying out a community-based epidemiological assessment that is compatible with the goals of primary health care research. For this purpose, a current-status life table analysis of data from 1131 women who were served by community health workers in the State of Méx...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a need for additional data on the distribution of pneumococcal serotypes in developing countries. We report the use of a coagglutination (COA) and a latex agglutination (LA) test for serotyping Streptococcus pneumoniae which were evaluated using 114 clinical isolates in Vellore, India. In tests to serotype 30...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The insecticide propoxur was applied as 2 non-overlapping bands approximately 1 m wide to the interior of houses in El Salvador once every 35 days for a period of 9 months. Air samples were collected from the interior of the houses once every seventh day during the entire period. In the study area, air temperatures re...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To explore factors associated with household coping behaviours in the face of health expenditures in 15 African countries and provide evidence for policy-makers in designing financial health protection mechanisms. METHODS:A series of logit regressions were performed to explore factors correlating with a grea...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/blt.07.049403
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of non-specific inhibitors in immune influenza sera may falsify the antibody pattern as shown by the haemagglutination-inhibition test, and it is consequently often necessary to pre-treat sera in order to inactivate these inhibitors. A number of different methods are in use for this purpose. It was theref...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1960-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the development of insecticide-resistance and the consequent partial failure of the chemical approach to the control of disease vectors, interest in the biological approach has re-awakened. An aspect of the latter approach that is of great current interest is "autocidal control"-that is, the use of insects for t...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1963-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PROBLEM:In 2010, dengue virus (DENV) serotype-4 was detected during a dengue outbreak in the Amazonian city of Boa Vista. At that time Brazil was already endemic for DENV-1, DENV-2 and DENV-3. This was the first time DENV-4 was observed in the country after it was initially detected and eliminated in 1981. APPROACH:To...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.13.119081
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The author reviews the agricultural use of night-soil, sewage, and sewage sludge from two points of view: the purely agricultural and the sanitary.Knowledge of the chemistry and bacteriology of human faecal matter is still rather scant, and much further work has to be done to find practical ways of digesting night-soi...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1954-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a result of improved medical services and diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF), it has in recent years become clear that this is a common genetic disorder with a worldwide distribution. The average life expectancy of CF patients is very low in the developing world, but in developed countries this fatal childhood disea...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Much has been learnt of the epidemiology of yaws during eradication campaigns in populations in which the prevalence of active yaws was high, but not all has been published. The recognition of the importance of latent cases in the maintenance of yaws has contributed to the effectiveness of these campaigns. Yaws eradic...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1960-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between cardiovascular characteristics and mortality was investigated in an epidemiological study of heart disease in a representative adult rural community in Jamaica. Of 449 men and 469 women followed up for 5 years, 36 men and 28 women died and the data concerning their status as regards arterial p...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many global health institutions, including the World Health Organization, consider primary health care as the path towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC). However, there remain concerns about the feasibility and effectiveness of this approach in low-resource countries. Ethiopia has been implementing the pri...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.19.248328
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The haemagglutination-inhibition test has been used to assess the frequency of arbovirus infections in the population of Ceylon, by age-group, and also in some animals. The antigens used were: chikungunya, JE, dengue 1, 2, 3, 4, and Tahyna.The percentage of positive reactors to the group-B viruses ranged from 16.3% to...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1969-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:All sewage and water treatment processes remove or destroy viruses. Some treatment methods are better than others, but none is likely to remove all of the viruses present in sewage or in raw water. Primary settling of solids probably removes a great many of the viruses in sewage because viruses are largely associated ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1973-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Public and political awareness of emerging infectious diseases is growing, as animal and human health specialists work closer together to avert potential outbreaks. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.2471/BLT.11.031211
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malaria parasites in mice present a simplified rodent model for the immunological study of malaria. Experiments have been performed to determine the pattern and persistence of malaria antibody as detected by the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test utilizing specific antimouse IgM and IgG conjugates. The antibody ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the adaptation and scaling-up of an intervention to improve the visual health of children in the Apurimac region, Peru. METHODS:In a pilot screening programme in 2009-2010, 26 schoolteachers were trained to detect and refer visual acuity problems in schoolchildren in one district in Apurimac. To ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.15.163634
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A meeting of an informal working group on immune responses to viral antigens was convened in Amsterdam on 15-18 November 1982 to discuss recent developments in this field and to formulate proposals for international collaborative studies relevant to the needs of the WHO Programme on Vaccine Development. The meeting co...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A batch of highly purified streptomycin sulfate has been examined by nine laboratories in six different countries and has been assayed against the First International Standard for Streptomycin. The material examined has been established as the Second International Standard for Streptomycin, and the International Unit ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1959-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rosa Moreira tells Andréia Azevedo Soares how Angola reined in its worst yellow fever epidemic in 30 years. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.2471/BLT.16.031016
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Freeze-fracture studies were made on the parasite and the erythrocyte in P. knowlesi infections. There is a loss of transmembrane integral proteins from the plasma membrane of the schizont-infected erythrocyte and the intraerythrocytic parasite synthesizes new transmembrane proteins as development proceeds. Formation ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Haemagglutination and immunoelectrophoresis tests were investigated to find which was more suitable for the immunodiagnosis of amoebiasis. Both tests were positive in more than 90% of sera from patients with amoebic liver abscess. With serum from blood donors and patients with other diseases a much lower percentage of...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1969-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After the mass vaccination of children of susceptible age groups in Japan in 1961, the incidence of poliomyelitis decreased markedly. From 1962 to 1968 a total of 659 paralytic cases were officially notified. Detailed investigations of 626 cases reported to the Poliomyelitis Surveillance Committee revealed that only 1...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1973-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Haemosporidia, which comprise the malaria parasites, have probably evolved from Coccidia of the intestinal epithelium of the vertebrate host by adaptation first to some tissues of the internal organs and then to life in the circulating cells of the blood.The present opinion is that, among the malaria parasites of ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1965-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Tlaxcala State, Mexico, we determined that 80% of children who died from diarrhoea or acute respiratory infections (ARI) received medical care before death; in more than 70% of the cases this care was provided by a private physician. Several strategies have been developed to improve physicians' primary health care ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
