Abstract:
:Olfaction has often been described as a ‘synthetic’ sense. A study now reveals a surprising capacity to resolve individual odorants in complex mixtures, with implications for how the nervous system recognizes objects.
journal_name
Nat Neuroscijournal_title
Nature neuroscienceauthors
Holy TEdoi
10.1038/nn.3796subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-09-01 00:00:00pages
1144-5issue
9eissn
1097-6256issn
1546-1726pii
nn.3796journal_volume
17pub_type
评论,杂志文章abstract::In neocortical circuits, repetitively active neurons evoke unitary postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) whose peak amplitudes either increase (facilitate) or decrease (depress) progressively. To examine the basis for these different synaptic responses, we made simultaneous recordings from three classes of neurons in cortica...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
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doi:10.1038/1092
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Axonal degeneration is important during development but has not been thought to function in the intact mature nervous system. Here, we provide evidence that degeneration of adult axons occurs in the intact rodent brain through a p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR)- and myelin-dependent mechanism. Specifically, we show ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2513
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensorimotor integration is crucial to perception and motor control. How and where this process takes place in the brain is still largely unknown. Here we analyze the cerebellar contribution to sensorimotor integration in the whisker system of mice. We identify an area in the cerebellum where cortical sensory and moto...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3773
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, are characterized by invasion of the brain by autoreactive T cells. The mechanism for how T cells acquire their encephalitogenic phenotype and trigger disease remains, however, unclear. The existence of lymphatic vessels in the meninges indicates a relevant link ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0227-9
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 'cognitive map' hypothesis proposes that brain builds a unified representation of the spatial environment to support memory and guide future action. Forty years of electrophysiological research in rodents suggest that cognitive maps are neurally instantiated by place, grid, border and head direction cells in the h...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
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doi:10.1038/nn.4656
更新日期:2017-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Odor stimulation evokes complex spatiotemporal activity in the olfactory bulb, suggesting that both the identity of activated neurons and the timing of their activity convey information about odors. However, whether and how downstream neurons decipher these temporal patterns remains unknown. We addressed this question...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3407
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory neural systems use spatiotemporal coding mechanisms to represent stimuli. These time-varying response patterns sometimes outlast the stimulus. Can the temporal structure of a stimulus interfere with, or even disrupt, the spatiotemporal structure of the neural representation? We investigated this potential conf...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1559
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, many daily cycles are driven by a central circadian clock, which is based on the cell-autonomous rhythmic expression of clock genes. It is not clear, however, how peripheral cells are able to interpret the rhythmic signals disseminated from this central oscillator. Here we show that cycling expression of t...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn806
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myelinating cells, oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system produce an enormous amount of plasma membrane during the myelination process, making them particularly susceptible to disruptions of the secretory pathway. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, initiated by the accumulation of un...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nn.2273
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most neurons in macaque area MT are selective for the direction of stimulus motion. By comparing direction selectivity for gratings and plaids, we classified MT neurons as pattern direction selective (PDS) or component direction selective (CDS). We compared the time course of responses in CDS and PDS neurons in opiate...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1382
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human neurodegenerative disorders are among the most difficult to study. In particular, the inability to readily obtain the faulty cell types most relevant to these diseases has impeded progress for decades. Recent advances in pluripotent stem cell technology now grant access to substantial quantities of disease-perti...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nn.3425
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal differentiation is accomplished through cascades of intrinsic genetic factors initiated in neuronal progenitors by external gradients of morphogens. Activity has been thought to be important only late in development, but recent evidence suggests that activity also regulates early neuronal differentiation. Act...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2582
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the contribution of 5-HT1A autoreceptors (with [11C]WAY100635 positron emission tomography) to amygdala reactivity (with blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging) in 20 healthy adult volunteers. We found a significant inverse relationship wherein 5-HT1A autoreceptor density p...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1780
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Uncovering the functional relationship between temporal lobe amnesia and diencephalic amnesia depends on determining the role of the fornix, the major interlinking fiber tract. In this study relating fornix volume with memory, we made magnetic resonance imaging-based volume estimates of 13 brain structures in 38 indiv...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2149
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The orbitofrontal cortex plays a central role in good-based economic decisions. When subjects make choices, neurons in this region represent the identities and values of offered and chosen goods. Notably, choices in different behavioral contexts may involve a potentially infinite variety of goods. Thus a fundamental q...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.4300
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term potentiation (LTP) is thought to be critically involved not only in learning and memory, but also during the activity-dependent developmental phases of neural circuit formation and refinement. Whether the mechanisms underlying LTP change during this phase of postnatal development, however, is unknown. We rep...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn985
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic spines are motile structures that contain high concentrations of filamentous actin. Using hippocampal neurons expressing fluorescent actin and the method of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we found that 85 +/- 2% of actin in the spine was dynamic, with a turnover time of 44.2 +/- 4.0 s. The rapid...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn811
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit psychoactive substance worldwide; around one in ten users become dependent. The risk for cannabis use disorder (CUD) has a strong genetic component, with twin heritability estimates ranging from 51 to 70%. Here we performed a genome-wide association study of CUD in 2,387 ca...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-019-0416-1
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is widely held that color and motion are processed by separate parallel pathways in the visual system, but this view is difficult to reconcile with the fact that motion can be detected in equiluminant stimuli that are defined by color alone. To examine the relationship between color and motion, we tested three pati...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/688
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The morphological transition of growth cones to synaptic boutons characterizes synaptogenesis. Here we have isolated mutations in immaculate connections (imac; CG8566), a previously uncharacterized Drosophila gene encoding a member of the Kinesin-3 family. Whereas earlier studies in Drosophila implicated Kinesin-1 in ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1936
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An ion channel's function depends largely on its location and density on neurons. Here we used high-resolution immunolocalization to determine the subcellular distribution of the hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic-nucleotide-gated channel subunit 1 (HCN1) in rat brain. Light microscopy revealed graded HCN1 immunor...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn962
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in thalamorecipient layers of sensory cortices integrate thalamocortical and intracortical inputs. Although we know that their functional properties can arise from the convergence of thalamic inputs, intracortical circuits could also be involved in thalamocortical transformations of sensory information. We sil...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3494
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hindbrain transcription factors Phox2b and Egr2 (also known as Krox20) are linked to the development of the autonomic nervous system and rhombomere-related regulation of breathing, respectively. Mutations in these proteins can lead to abnormal breathing behavior as a result of an alteration in an unidentified neur...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2354
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found that K(+)/Cl(-) co-transporter 2 (KCC2) activity, monitored with wide-field fluorescence, was inhibited by intracellular Zn(2+), a major component of neuronal injury. Zn(2+)-mediated KCC2 inhibition produced a depolarizing shift of GABA(A) reversal potentials in rat cortical neurons. Moreover, oxygen-glucose ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2316
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular basis of CNS myelin regeneration (remyelination) is poorly understood. We generated a comprehensive transcriptional profile of the separate stages of spontaneous remyelination that follow focal demyelination in the rat CNS and found that transcripts that encode the retinoid acid receptor RXR-γ were diffe...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2702
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognition can be conceptualized as a set of algorithmic control functions whose real-time deployment determines how an organism stores and uses information to guide thought and action. A subset of these functions is required for goal-directed selection and amplification of sensory signals-broadly referred to as attent...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0020-1
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The classic 'size principle' of motor control describes how increasingly forceful movements arise by the recruitment of motoneurons of progressively larger size and force output into the active pool. We explored the activity of pools of spinal interneurons in larval zebrafish and found that increases in swimming speed...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2225
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic spines undergo actin-based growth and shrinkage during synaptic plasticity, in which the actin depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin family of actin-associated proteins are important. Elevated ADF/cofilin activities often lead to reduced spine size and immature spine morphology but can also enhance synaptic po...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2634
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) is important for many forms of synaptic plasticity. However, the link between activity and resulting synaptic alterations is not fully understood. We identified a direct interaction between N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF), an ATPase involved in membrane fusion eve...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2624
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Processing of rapidly successive acoustic stimuli can be markedly improved by sensory training. To investigate the cortical mechanisms underlying such temporal plasticity, we trained rats in a 'sound maze' in which navigation using only auditory cues led to a target location paired with food reward. In this task, the ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1293
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00