Abstract：
:Amino acids are potent regulators of muscle protein synthesis and breakdown and have received considerable attention for the treatment of muscle wasting conditions. Arginine is critically involved in numerous physiological functions including providing substrate for the production of creatine, urea and nitric oxide (NO) and in the synthesis of new proteins. However, little is known about the direct effects of arginine on skeletal muscle protein synthesis during catabolic conditions. The aims of this study were to determine whether exogenous arginine could protect skeletal muscle cells from wasting directly and whether this effect was dependent on production of NO and/or activation of the rapamycin-sensitive mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling pathway. To explore these aims, we deprived mature C2C12 myotubes from nutrients and growth factors by incubating them in HEPES buffered saline with arginine or equimolar concentrations of alanine (control). Our results show that arginine: increased the ratio of phosphorylated to total mTOR (146 %), S6 (40 %) and 4EBP1 (69 %); increased protein synthesis (69 %) during the first hour of treatment; and increased myotube diameter by ~15 %. Experiments using the NO synthase inhibitor L-NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester showed a NO-independent protection from muscle wasting. On the other hand, the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin prevented increases in phosphorylated S6, protein synthesis and myotube diameter. The activation of mTORC1 and protein synthesis by arginine was not associated with changes in the phosphorylation status of Akt, but rather increased the expression of the amino acid-sensitive type III PI3-kinase Vps34 signalling protein. These data support a direct role for arginine in the regulation of mTORC1 in skeletal muscle.
journal_name
Amino Acidsjournal_title
Amino acidsauthors
Ham DJ,Caldow MK,Lynch GS,Koopman Rdoi
10.1007/s00726-014-1815-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-12-01 00:00:00pages
2643-52issue
12eissn
0939-4451issn
1438-2199journal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
AMINO ACIDS文献大全abstract：:Obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are the most common preventable causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. They represent major public health threat to our society. Increasing prevalence of obesity and T2DM contributes to escalating morbidity and mortality from CVD and stroke. Carnos...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00726-016-2208-1
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:L-tryptophan (TRP) is the precursor amino acid for the synthesis of serotonin (5-HT). 5-HT is effective both on the food intake and gastrointestinal system contractility. The aim of this study was to search the effects of systemic TRP treatment on 5-HT levels of ileum and searching the effect of ileal contractility an...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-006-0339-5
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the effect of agmatine (Agm) in proliferation of ovine trophecdoderm cells (oTr1) as well as the importance of the arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and agmatinase (AGMAT) alternative pathway for synthesis of polyamines in ovine conceptuses during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy. Morpholin...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-017-2515-1
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Predicting the three-dimensional structure of proteins is a long-standing challenge of computational biology, as the structure (or lack of a rigid structure) is well known to determine a protein's function. Predicting relative solvent accessibility (RSA) of amino acids within a protein is a significant step towards re...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-019-02767-6
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arginine is a precursor of proteins and employed in urea synthesis. It is also the precursor of many other compounds, such as creatine, nitric oxide, polyamines, agmatine, proline. In this review, its transport and that of other basic amino acids are examined, along with its transformation into nitric oxide, agmatine ...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00726-004-0081-9
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BE-3-3-3-3 (1,15-(ethylamino)4,8,12-triazapentadecane) is a bis(ethyl)polyamine analogue under investigation as a therapeutic agent for breast cancer. Since estradiol (E(2)) is a critical regulatory molecule in the growth of breast cancer, we examined the effect of BE-3-3-3-3 on estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive MCF-...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-011-1005-0
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to investigate the ability of curcumin to convert asparagine into acrylamide during heating at different temperatures. Binary and ternary model systems of asparagine-curcumin and asparagine-curcumin-fructose were used to determine the role of curcumin on acrylamide formation in competitive and uncompe...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-011-1179-5
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-Acetyl-AA(amino acid)-NHtBu derivatives of all 20 naturally occurring amino acids have been synthesized. Syntheses were performed via solution-phase methodology with yields that allow for access to gram quantities of substrates, in most cases. Syntheses include the coupling of a hindered amine, tert-butylamine, with...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-009-0279-y
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of up-regulation of putrescine (Put) production by genetic manipulation on the turnover of spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) was investigated in transgenic cells of poplar (Populus nigra × maximowiczii) and seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. Several-fold increase in Put production was achieved by expressi...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-013-1581-2
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Substance P (SP) is one of the most abundant peptides in the central nervous system and has been implicated in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes including stress regulation, as well as affective and anxiety-related behaviour. Consistent with these functions, SP and its preferred neurokinin 1 ...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00726-006-0335-9
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lateral diffusion of membrane-integral receptors within the plane of the membrane has been postulated to be mechanistically important for signal transduction. Direct measurement of polypeptide hormone receptor lateral mobility using fluorescence photobleaching recovery techniques indicates that tyrosine kinase recepto...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00805831
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A growing body of evidence implicates endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-induced cellular dysfunction and apoptosis as important factors to a variety of diseases. In endothelial cells (ECs), the sulfur-containing amino acid homocysteine (Hcy) causes EC apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through induction o...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-016-2375-0
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of Red Bull Energy Drink, which includes taurine, glucuronolactone, and caffeine amongst the ingredients, were examined over 3 studies in a total of 36 volunteers. Assessments included psychomotor performance (reaction time, concentration, memory), subjective alertness and physical endurance. When compared...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s007260170021
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Green tea which is widely consumed in China, Japan and India, contains polyphenolic compounds, which account for 30% of the dry weight of the leaves. Most of the polyphenols are flavanols, of which (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is most abundant. Epidemiological studies revealed that the incidences of stomach a...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s726-002-8197-9
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Taurine (TAU) has been shown to improve exercise time to exhaustion and 3-km running performance; however, no studies have considered the effect of acute TAU ingestion on short duration cycling time trial (TT) performance. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a single oral acute dose of 1000 mg of TAU...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00726-016-2282-4
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocytes were cultured for 3 days as spheroids (aggregates) or as monolayers in basal medium and in sulfur amino acid-supplemented media. Cultured hepatocytes had low levels of cysteine dioxygenase (CDO) activity and normal levels of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS) and cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase (CSDC...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s007260070017
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chemical modification of protein by nonenzymatic browning or Maillard reactions increases with age and in disease. Maillard products are formed by reactions of both carbohydrate- and lipid-derived intermediates with proteins, leading to formation of advanced glycation and lipoxidation end-products (AGE/ALEs). Thes...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00726-003-0017-9
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using the olfactory bulbectomy model of depression, we examined the antidepressant-like activity of 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP) in rats. Bulbectomized rats required a significantly greater number of trials to acquire the response similar to sham-operated controls in the passive avoidance model. Both the...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-001-0131-5
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The unusual basic amino acid, hypusine [N(epsilon)-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-lysine], is a modified lysine with the addition of the 4-aminobutyl moiety from the polyamine spermidine. This naturally occurring amino acid is a product of a unique posttranslational modification that occurs in only one cellular protein, euk...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00726-009-0408-7
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) are able to proliferate when cultured on plates, but become differentiated when maintained in three-dimensional type I collagen matrices (honeycombs). SMC grown in honeycombs contained a low level of polyamines due to the presence of antizyme 1 (AZ1), a negative regulator of ornithin...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-011-1034-8
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elevated plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) were found in various clinical settings including coronary heart disease. To assess ADMA and SDMA diagnostic validity in patients with different stages of ischemic heart disease, we studied these markers in patie...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-012-1307-x
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Chemo-therapeutic treatment of glioma patients has minor success. Little is known about mechanisms of a pronounced resistance of gliomas towards actual therapies, yet. ABC-1 belongs to the group of transporters known to be involved in the export of hydrophobic substances and vascular regulation. This study in...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-005-0171-3
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This work deals with the Dakin-West synthesis, starting from the nucleoamino acid 1-thyminyl acetic acid, as well the NMR, ESI MS, and X-ray characterization of a heteroaromatic compound denominated by us T(2)CO, comprising two thymine moieties anchored to a 2-propanonic unit, the spectroscopic properties of which wer...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-012-1237-7
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with amphipathic β-hairpin structures have been demonstrated to possess potent antimicrobial activities and great cell selectivities. However, our understanding of β-hairpin antimicrobial peptides lags behind that of α-helices, mainly because it is difficult for short peptides to form rob...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-015-2029-7
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When considering protein phosphorylation in bacteria, phosphorylation of aspartic acid and histidine residues mediated by the two-component systems is the first to spring to mind. And yet other phosphorylation systems have been described in bacteria in the past 20 years including eukaryotic-like serine/threonine kinas...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00726-009-0237-8
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activity of lysine decarboxylase was studied in 3-day-old soybean (Glycine max (L.) Meer cv. Sakai) seedlings also in relation to light conditions. Lysine decarboxylase activity was mainly localized in the roots and to a lesser extent in the hypocotyls and was detectable in both the soluble and particulate fractio...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-008-0029-6
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ventral pallidum is part of the corticoaccumbo-thalamocortical loop of the basal ganglia. In the past the function of this structure was discussed as a pure relay station in the process of limbic-motor integration. Some recent studies, however, underline that on the level of the ventral pallidum motor behavior can...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s007260070050
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper analyses the presence of and changes in free amino acids and biogenic amines in red and white muscle of bigeye tuna during storage in controlled atmospheres with 2 gas mixes containing different concentrations of CO(2) and O(2). Levels of amines were generally higher in white than in red muscle, with the ex...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-003-0054-4
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:D-Aspartic acid (D-Asp) is an endogenous amino acid present in neuroendocrine systems. Here, we report evidence that D-Asp in the rat is involved in learning and memory processes. Oral administration of sodium D-aspartate (40 mM) for 12-16 days improved the rats' cognitive capability to find a hidden platform in the M...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00726-009-0369-x
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some of the chemistry of amino acids going on in our laboratory (Laboratoire des Amino acides Peptides et Protéines) is described as well as some mass spectrometry methodology for their characterization particularly on solid supports. Several aspects are presented including: (i) the stereoselective synthesis of natura...
journal_title：Amino acids
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01388176
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
