Abstract:
:Mutation and killing induced by X radiation and 60CO gamma radiation were studied in six different histidine-requiring auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium. Strain TA100, which is sensitive to base-pair substitutions, and strains TA2637 and TA98, which are sensitive to frameshifts, carry the pKM101 plasmid and exhibit significantly higher radiation-induced mutations compared to their plasmidless parent strains TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538, respectively. Among the plasmid-containing strains, TA98 and TA2637 are much more sensitive to the mutagenic action of radiation than is TA100 based on a comparison with their respective spontaneous mutation rates; however, no uniformity was observed in the responses of the strains to the lethal action of ionizing radiation. The pKM101 plasmid provides partial protection against lethality in TA100 and TA2637, whereas the same plasmid enhances the lethal action of ionizing radiation in TA98. The following conclusions are consistent with these observations: (1) the standard Ames Salmonella assay correctly identifies ionizing radiation as a mutagenic agent; (2) frameshift-sensitive parent strains are more sensitive to the mutagenic effects of ionizing radiation than is the only strain studied that is sensitive to base-pair substitutions; and (3) enhancement of mutagenesis and survival is related to plasmid-mediated repair of DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation and does not involve damage induced by Cerenkov-generated uv radiation which is negligible for our irradiation conditions.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Isildar M,Bakale Gsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-11-01 00:00:00pages
396-411issue
2eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404journal_volume
100pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Pregnant Wistar-MS rats received a whole-body irradiation of 0-2.6 Gy gamma rays at day 20 of pregnancy. The mother rats were implanted with a diethylstilbestrol (DES) pellet 30 days after weaning, and the female pups delivered by the irradiated mother were treated with DES after maturation. Lactating rats were irradi...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was undertaken to standardize a dichlorofluorescein (DCF) assay for measurement of radiation-induced oxidation of dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) substrate in MCF-10 cells. This assay was highly sensitive and capable of detecting increased DCFH oxidation in the cells exposed to gamma radiation at doses as ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/rr3299
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cisplatin and binuclear rhodium (Rh2) carboxylates appear to potentiate radiation-induced killing of Salmonella typhimurium cells largely as a consequence of one-electron reduction that leads to an active radiolytic product. This conclusion is supported by results from experiments wherein the hydrated electron and the...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the event of a radiation accident or attack, it will be imperative to quickly assess the amount of radiation exposure to accurately triage victims for appropriate care. RNA-based radiation dosimetry assays offer the potential to rapidly screen thousands of individuals in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Howe...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/rr1977.1
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation-induced free radical damage in solid-state DNA arises from direct-type damage mechanisms. In the present study, free radical yields in film and lyophilized Na DNA model systems are compared. The free radical yields in lyophilized samples are significantly greater than those in films. Since DNA conformation c...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a need for minimally invasive biomarkers that can accurately and quickly quantify radiation exposure. Radiation-responsive proteins have applications in clinical medicine and for mass population screenings after a nuclear or radiological incident where the level of radiation exposure and exposure pattern comp...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR13927.1
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular sites for damage in mammalian cells caused by 193-nm radiation from an argon fluoride excimer laser were investigated. The ability of Chinese hamster ovary cells to reduce a tetrazolium dye (MTT) was decreased to 37% of unirradiated control by 2.5 x 10(3) J/m2 of 193-nm radiation when measured either 4 or...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies over recent years have highlighted the possibility that radiation can induce transmissible genomic instability. Most of these involve in vitro irradiation and usually in vitro culture. Here it is reported that the short-half-life bone-seeking alpha-particle emitter (224)Ra did not induce excess transmi...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0345:lodtci]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the biophysical mechanism(s) underlying the induction of cell death by the decay of the Auger electron emitter iodine-125 in DNA, Chinese hamster V79 lung fibroblasts were labeled with 5-[(125)I]iodo-2'-deoxyuridine ((125)IdU) for two doubling times and frozen and stored at -135 degrees C in the presence...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2000)154[0326:todiiq]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue ablation by ultraviolet excimer lasers results in exposure of viable cells to subablative doses of radiation. To understand the potential biological consequences better, we have studied changes in gene expression in cultured human skin fibroblasts exposed to either 193- or 248-nm laser light. Northern blot anal...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low doses of ionizing radiation to cells and animals may induce adaptive responses that reduce the risk of cancer. However, there are upper dose thresholds above which these protective adaptive responses do not occur. We have now tested the hypothesis that there are similar lower dose thresholds that must be exceeded ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR1414.1
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radiation environment in low-Earth orbit is a complex mixture of galactic cosmic radiation, particles of trapped belts and secondary particles generated in both the spacecraft and Earth's atmosphere. Infrequently, solar energetic particles are injected into the Earth's magnetosphere and can penetrate into low-Eart...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tritium that is bound to organic molecules is of special risk for living systems, in particular when such molecules are components of the cell nucleus. Therefore, [3H]thymidine and [3H]arginine were studied for radiotoxicity in early mammalian embryo development. Starting with the two-cell stage, mouse embryos were in...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report presents data for survival of mouse intestinal crypt cells, mouse testes weight loss as an indicator of survival of spermatogonial stem cells, and survival of rat 9L spheroid cells after irradiation in the plateau region of unmodified particle beams ranging in mass from 4He to 139La. The LET values range f...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation exposure from a number of terrestrial sources is associated with an increased risk for atherosclerosis. Recently, concern over whether exposure to cosmic radiation might pose a similar risk for astronauts has increased. To address this question, we examined the effect of 2 to 5 Gy iron ions ((56)Fe), a parti...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR2482.1
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of hypoxia on the induction of and recovery from damage by radiation alone and in combination with heat has been investigated using plateau-phase Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Postirradiation hypoxia reduced the potentially lethal damage recovery (PLDR) in cells irradiated under an euoxic state and com...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The threat of exposure to ionizing radiation from a nuclear reactor accident or deliberate terrorist actions is a significant public health concern. The lung is particularly susceptible to radiation-induced injury from external sources or inhalation of radioactive particles from radioactive fallout. Radiation-induced ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR14686.1
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence is presented for the formation of products in irradiated dinucleoside monophosphates in which both bases are damaged. The dinucleoside monophosphates d(GpT), d(GpC), d(TpG) and d(CpG) were X-irradiated in oxygenated aqueous solution. Product identification was by NMR spectroscopy. In products containing doubl...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is an ongoing and significant need for radiation countermeasures to reduce morbidities and mortalities associated with exposure of the heart and lungs from a radiological or nuclear incidents. Radiation-induced late effects occur months to years after exposure, stemming from significant tissue damage and remodel...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR14403.2
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The repair of X-ray-induced DNA damage related to the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was characterized in human diploid fibroblasts by an indirect immunofluorescence method. PCNA staining induced by X rays was lost after DNase I treatment but not after RNase treatment. The staining was not induced when ATP ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The induction of intracellular DNA strand breaks by X rays and various heavy charged particles was measured by the alkaline unwinding and alkaline and neutral filter elution techniques. No variations in strand break induction were found between the different cell lines under investigation. For a given particle, both t...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/rr3395.1
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The modifying effects of m-aminobenzamide (m-ABA), an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis, on 42 degrees C hyperthermia- and/or radiation-induced cell killing were examined in Chinese hamster V-79 cells. When cells were exposed to 42 degrees C hyperthermia in combination with m-ABA (10 mM), cell survival decreased...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In light-ion radiation therapy, both the dose and the local energy spectrum, which is often characterized with the linear energy transfer (LET), must be considered. In treatment optimization, it is advantageous to use a radiobiological model that analytically accounts for both dose and LET for the ion type of interest...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR2045.1
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The induction of chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes irradiated in vitro with X rays generated at a tube voltage of 29 kV was examined to assess the maximum low-dose RBE (RBE(M)) relative to higher-energy X rays or 60Co gamma rays. Since blood was taken from the same male donor whose blood had been used for pr...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0771:teokxr]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dose-response curves for micronucleus (MN) formation were measured in Chinese hamster V79 and xrs6 (Ku80(-)) cells and in human mammary epithelial MCF10A cells in the dose range of 0.05-1 Gy. The Chinese hamster cells were exposed to 1 GeV/nucleon iron ions, 600 MeV/nucleon iron ions, and 300 MeV/nucleon iron ions (LE...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR0967.1
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new model for the survival of bacteria exposed to ionizing radiation is constructed in the framework of a target theory based on microdosimetric concepts, where single- and double-strand breaks of DNA and their repair in vivo can be described consistently in terms of the microdosimetric quantity j (number of effecti...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A yeast-based frameshift/stop codon assay for examining ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) mutations was established. Each of six fragments of a PCR-amplified coding sequence for ATM is inserted in frame by homologous recombination into a yeast URA3 fusion protein gene, and the transformants are assayed for growth in...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0195:doagmi]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the double-strand break (DSB) model, the initial slope (alpha) of the survival curve is determined by the number of DSBs remaining unrepaired at a certain time after irradiation. There are three types of calculations which confirm the validity of this approach. First, the model quite reasonably predicts the low-LET...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::New data are given on the use of oxalic acid, in light and heavy water solutions, for in-pile chemical dosimetry. The method of calculating the absorbed doses in low-Z materials is described. Results of chemical measurements in the core of the heavy-water-moderated reactor at Vinca (Yugoslavia) are compared with the r...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1968-12-01 00:00:00