Abstract：
:Nitroglycerin is rapidly lost from solution when incubated with red blood cells or whole blood. The assumption that the loss is enzymatic in nature may not be true, since no major metabolite is detected during this incubation. Explanation on the basis of a chemical reaction is also difficult, since the products of the chemical hydrolysis of nitroglycerin are the same as the metabolic products. After an initial rapid loss, nitroglycerin disappearance at 37 degrees follows an apparent first-order process in the concentration range of 10--480 ng/ml when incubated with washed red blood cells suspended in normal saline solution. The half-life for the reaction of the apparent first-order phase varies with the initial concentration and increases as the concentration increases (4 min at 10 ng/ml, 52 min at 480 ng/ml), suggesting a mixed kinetic mechanism. Metabolites of nitroglycerin (1,2- and 1,3-dinitroglycerin) react similarly to nitroglycerin in terms of an apparent initial, fast step, a secondary first-order dependence, and concentration-dependent rate effects; however, the rate of the reaction is much slower (t 1/2 = 33 min at 10 ng/ml) for the metabolite. These data suggest the possibility of a physical mechanism for the loss of nitroglycerin. Since the loss to red blood cells can be rapid, it seems that the mechanism should be delineated, and that the rate of disappearance be considered in an analysis of the pharmacodynamics of the drug.
journal_name
J Pharm Scijournal_title
Journal of pharmaceutical sciencesauthors
Sokoloski TD,Wu CC,Wu LS,Burkman AMdoi
10.1002/jps.2600720403subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-04-01 00:00:00pages
335-8issue
4eissn
0022-3549issn
1520-6017pii
S0022-3549(15)44573-3journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Understanding the effect of surfactant properties is critical when designing vesicular delivery systems. This review evaluates previous studies to explain the influence of surfactant properties on the behavior of lipid vesicular systems, specifically their size, charge, stability, entrapment efficiency, pharmacokineti...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.xphs.2018.01.005
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abstract：:A sensitive, specific, high-performance liquid chromatographic procedure was developed for the measurement of plasma tiflamizole levels. Acidic plasma samples were extracted with three volumes of ether. The ether extracts were combined and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in acetonitrile, washed with h...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi：10.1002/jps.2600731245
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Incorporation of starch USP or a modified cornstarch within the granules of several drug formulations was investigated. In general, the formulation containing the modified starch exhibited improved processing characteristics as well as improved tablet properties. A comparison of a granulated and a direct compression f...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi：10.1002/jps.2600640231
更新日期：1975-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transport rate constant of a drug partitioned in a two-phase system from an aqueous to an organic phase (k1obs) and vice versa (k2obs) is a function of the partition coefficient P and of a solvent system-dependent parameter beta. Drug transport is shown to be independent of molecular structure for a number of arbi...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600700930
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To estimate the feasibility of novel containers for drugs, poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(beta-benzyl L-aspartate) (PEO-PBLA) micelles were prepared by dialysis against water using different solvents. The solvent selected is very important because it drastically affects the stability of polymeric micelles. The critical mic...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of isomeric benzoylpyrroleacetic acids (1-6) were prepared and tested in vitro for rat lenses aldose reductase activity. These pyrrole derivatives are structurally related to the acidic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore, their anti-inflammatory properties were also evaluated in the carrageenan-i...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi：10.1016/j.xphs.2017.11.005
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi：10.1002/1520-6017(200101)90:1<70::aid-jps8>3.0.co;
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of excipient, drug, and osmotic agent loaded in the inner core tablet on the time-controlled disintegration of compression-coated tablet prepared by direct compression with micronized ethylcellulose was investigated. The excipients [spray-dried lactose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, sodium starch glycolat...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.10197
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This edition of the Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences is dedicated to the wonderful career of Per Artursson from the Uppsala University. My Commentary focusses on Per's major contributions to the Caco-2 cell literature over the past 30 years. Two especially influential papers have been cited more than 1000 times out ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi：10.1016/j.xphs.2020.08.016
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eleven quinazolinylformamidines and quinazolinediylbisformamidines were synthesized and investigated for antihypertensive activity in spontaneous hypertensive rats. Several compounds showed moderate antihypertensive activity at 100 mg/kg po. The same compounds were not hypotensive in the normotensive dog. ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600671046
更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cationic antimicrobial peptides are good candidates for new diagnostics and antimicrobial agents. They can rapidly kill a broad range of microbes and have additional activities that have impact on the quality and effectiveness of innate responses and inflammation. Furthermore, the challenge of bacterial resistance to ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jps.21034
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The phase behavior of two series of phosphatidylcholines (PC) possessing carbamyloxy-linked fatty acids has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry. These non-natural phosphatidylcholines are of interest because they possess the capability of forming interlipid hydrogen bonds via the carbamyloxy function and...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600741203
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The determination of reactive fractal dimension was carried out using two forms of the Noyes-Whitney equation, -dQ/dt = K(Q/Q0)DR/3 and -dQ/dt = K'RDR-3 using the Richardson plot on the basis of previous data obtained by dissolution of an orthoboric acid powder. The correlation of the results provided by the two ways ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/js960059x
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative determination of serum concentrations of carvedilol [(+/-)-1-(carbazol-4-yloxy)-3-[[2-(o-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl) amino]-2-propanol], a combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist, was obtained using HPLC with spectrofluorometric detection. Carvedilol was extracted from alkalinized serum with eth...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600751218
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Review of the current literature on racial differences in pharmacokinetics of drugs supports the premise that only pharmacokinetic processes which are biologically or biochemically mediated have the potential to exhibit differences between racial or ethnic groups. Thus, the pharmacokinetic factors which can be expecte...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1021/js9702168
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, the adsorption of an IgG1 antibody to siliconized vials was investigated with focus on the formulation parameters pH, ionic strength, and nonionic surfactants. Electrophoretic mobility measurements were performed to investigate the charge characteristics of protein and siliconized glass particles at dif...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi：10.1002/jps.24239
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twelve 6,8-disubstituted-1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their antibacterial activity. Among these, only the 6,8-difluoroquinolinone-3-carboxylic acid showed moderate activity. ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi：10.1002/jps.2600751214
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi：10.1002/jps.21421
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
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doi：10.1002/jps.23991
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600680713
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the introduction of Quality by Design (QbD) to the pharmaceutical industry, there has been an increased focus on understanding the nature of particles and composites, with the aim of understanding and modeling how they interact in complex systems, leading to robust dosage forms. Particle characterization tools ha...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of various factors on the adsorption of nicotinic acid onto and desorption from activated charcoal were investigated in vitro. The affinity of nicotinic acid for charcoal was poor both in acidic and neutral media. Adsorption increased with increasing charcoal:drug ratios and decreasing incubation volume:ch...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600810916
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A procedure is described for the analysis of urushiol content of pharmaceutical preparations containing extracts of poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) and poison oak (T. diversilobum) in vegetable oils. The procedure involves extraction of the urushiols from the oily solutions using 90% methanol in water followed by ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600690530
更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High protein concentration formulations are required for low-volume administration of therapeutic antibodies targeted for subcutaneous, self-administration by patients. Ultra-high concentrations (≥150 mg/mL) can lead to dramatically increased solution viscosities, which in turn can lead to stability, manufacturing, an...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi：10.1016/j.xphs.2017.06.017
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A procedure is described for TLC detection and differentiation of the butyrophenone-diphenylbutylpiperidine group and phenothiazine derivatives at the microgram level. A two-dimensional TLC method to separate butyrophenone and diphenylbutylpiperidine compounds is reported. A variety of possible detection reagents were...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600680834
更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nephropathic cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterised by raised lysosomal levels of cystine in the cells of all the organs. It is treated by the 6-h oral administration of the aminothiol, cysteamine, which has an offensive taste and smell. In an attempt to reduce this frequency and improve the tr...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi：10.1002/jps.23246
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
