Abstract:
:There are a variety of ways to conceptualize and measure accessibility to contraceptive services and supplies. Using detailed data for rural Thailand, a multiplicity of reasonable measures are developed that reflect time and/or distance to various government program outlets. Many of these are only moderately correlated with one another, and to an important extent, different measures show different associations with levels of contraceptive prevalence. Clearly there is a general need in this area of investigation to pay more attention to the measurement of accessibility as a community characteristic and to consider the sensitivity of results to alternate measures. :A variety of ways to conceptualize and measure accessibility to contraceptive services and supplies are used to evaluate program accessibility in rural Thailand. Included are distance to a specific outlet, index of distances to various outlets, travel time to a specific outlet, index of travel times to various outlets, types of services provided, length of time that specified services and specified outlets have been available, convenience, in terms of ease and costs of transportation, quality of service in terms of waiting time and competence and attitude of the staff, and costs of family planning services. An alternative approach to measuring accessibility from data on individual respondents has been to develop community-level indicators. Thailand, the only country with detailed data collection on accessibility, has experienced rapid and pervasive changes in reproductive behavior during the last 2 decades. Contraceptive prevalence among married women of reproductive age increased from less than 15% in 1969 to almost 60% by 1981. This was more or less coincidental with the development of an active national program to promote family planning. A crucial aspect of the Thai program was the early implementation of a policy allowing nurses and auxiliary midwives to distribute oral contraceptives. Although costs vary by type of method and changes in prices, the cost structure is identical from village to village and is not, therefore, a matter of differential accessibility. A major conclusion is that there is a need for more attention to the measurement of accessibility and for further tests of the sensitivity of results to alternate measures. Particular focus should be given to capturing changes in accessibility over appropriate time periods, as well as measuring current configurations. In the future, it will become increasingly important to collect data on other dimensions of accessibility, e.g. the quality of services, the complement between the public and private sector and the extent of information, education, and communication (IEC) efforts.
journal_name
Stud Fam Plannjournal_title
Studies in family planningauthors
Chayovan N,Hermalin AI,Knodel Jsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-09-01 00:00:00pages
201-11issue
5eissn
0039-3665issn
1728-4465journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, has launched a field experiment in two rural thanas of Bangladesh to test the transferability of its successful health and family planning experiment in Matlab to the Ministry of Health and Population Control service system. This paper reviews the M...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::When women talk with each other about family planning outside the clinic, are they really only spreading myths and rumors? If nurses give good information about family planning, why do women go and talk with other women? Why would a woman instructed by a nurse at a workshop want to talk to the workshop cleaner as well...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between symptoms reported during the first two cycles of oral contraceptive use and subsequent discontinuation was studied using data from a comparative clinical trial of two oral contraceptives (standard dose and low dose) in Sri Lanka. Among 24 symptoms considered, the most commonly reported were he...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the levels and correlates of contraceptive failure and discontinuation in Romania, together with the consequences of contraceptive method failure in terms of induced abortion. Of special interest are women who rely on the traditional method of withdrawal and the proportion of withdrawal failures re...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2007.00113.x
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Population-based, cross-sectional data from 3587 ever-married Ukrainian women aged 17-44 are used to examine the association between physical violence perpetrated by a sexual partner (defined as kicking, hitting, slapping, pushing, or attacking with a weapon) and sexual health knowledge, sexual behavior, and the likel...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2007.00120.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Completion of secondary school is increasingly viewed as a desirable life goal for young men and women in urban Kenya. Yet achieving this goal often conflicts with other key transitions to adulthood, such as becoming sexually active, marrying, having children, and finding employment. Drawing upon exceptionally rich li...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2012.00315.x
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article compares the ethical pivot points in debates over nonprescription access to emergency contraceptive pills in Canada and the United States. These include women's right to be informed about the contraceptive method and its mechanism of action, pharmacists' conscientious objection concerning the dispensing o...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2007.00138.x
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::No studies show that IUDs destroy developing embryos at rates higher than those found in women who are not using contraceptives. Studies of early pregnancy factors have not shown statistically significant differences in transient levels of hCG between IUD and control groups, a sign of early abortion. The small, carefu...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In response to concerns about the adverse consequences of rapid population growth, family planning programs have been implemented in many developing countries. The aim of the present study is to assess the impact of this programmatic approach on long-range population growth. The result of a new and hypothetical popula...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1980, a study to determine interest in and access to sterilization for females was initiated at two Ministry of Health hospitals in Honduras. Results of the baseline study showed that 42 percent of women desiring sterilization from the Tegucigalpa hospital and 21 percent from the San Pedro Sula hospital had had a t...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the trends and variations in childlessness, subfertility, and infertility in Tanzania according to data from the 1973 National Demographic Survey and the 1991-92 Demographic and Health Survey. Between the surveys, the proportion of women older than 30 who were childless was found to have declined m...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study analyzes longitudinal data from Matlab, Bangladesh, to examine the impact of child mortality on subsequent contraceptive acceptance and continuation. The strong negative impact is found to attenuate with family size, indicating a "replacement effect". An "insurance effect" is observed as contraceptive accep...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using data from a panel survey of a representative probability sample of Russian households, we examine how individual traits, locality, and "sex-event context" are associated with condom use in contemporary Russia. At the individual level, age has negative effects and measures of risk orientation have positive effect...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2008.00147.x
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Couples in rural areas of many Arab societies, including Egypt, have consistently reported strong preferences for having sons. However, these reported preferences are not always reflected in reproductive behavior. In 38 rural villages in Menoufia Governorate in Egypt, women's responses to a community-based contracepti...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report presents results from a comparison of subsidized commercial contraceptive marketing programs in 11 developing countries, and makes recommendations for program planning based on findings. The analysis, based on a combined quantitative approach of analysis of variance, factor analysis, and regression analysi...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, data gathered in southern Ethiopia are used to explain how ethnic and religious identities affect current or intended contraceptive use. The only compositionalfactors that increase the likelihood of birth limitation are having a member of the family with a higher level of education and community access ...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2004.00010.x
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of a 1974 survey of 6,692 Bogota women aged 15-49 conducted by the Colombian Association for Population Studies show that, in the last decade, approval of family planning practice increased 34 percent, contraceptive practice nearly doubled, and fertility declined by over 45 percent. Life-table analysis sho...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Labor-intensive work is often a way of life for women living in rural areas of developing countries. The physical exertion involved in such work may result in poor health outcomes for mothers and infants when continued through pregnancy. Using longitudinal data from China, Mexico, and Tanzania, we examine the relation...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2013.00367.x
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although experimental trials often identify optimal strategies for improving community health, transferring operational innovation from well-funded research programs to resource-constrained settings often languishes. Because research initiatives are based in institutions equipped with unique resources and staff capabi...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2004.00020.x
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2003, Nigeria adopted the Family Life and HIV Education (FLHE) sexuality education curriculum. Our analysis interrogates variation in sub-national implementation. We conducted 52 interviews with persons knowledgeable about the curriculum in three states-Kano, Lagos, and Niger-and reviewed publications on FLHE. In K...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/sifp.12043
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The estimation of fecundability from survey data is plagued by methodological problems such as misreporting of dates of birth and marriage and the occurrence of premarital exposure to the risk of conception. Nevertheless, estimates of fecundability from World Fertility Survey data for women married in recent years app...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The world has reached the present position of unprecedentedly rapid population growth not by achieving uniquely high fertility but by bringing about extraordinarily low mortality. The high growth rate and the built-in momentum of the age structure are obstacles to achievement of an acceptable standard of living for mo...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article presents results from the 1997 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey (JPFHS) that was conducted by the Department of Statistics, Amman, Jordan, within the framework of the Demographic and Health Survey Program of Macro International. The data for the nationally representative JPFHS were collected fr...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2000.00081.x
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the wake of the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo, considerable activity has occurred both in national policymaking for reproductive health and in research on the implementation of the Cairo Program of Action. This report considers how effectively a key component of the Cairo agen...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2000.00151.x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigates the extent of unwanted pregnancy, the use of illegally induced abortion, and the attitudes toward and practice of contraception among women admitted to a hospital with the diagnosis of abortion in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. (In Tanzania, induced abortion is permitted only to save the mother's lif...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the developing countries in recent years there has been a great expansion of public programs to provide modern means of fertility control. This paper is an effort to appraise the demographic impact of such programs through a comprehensive evaluation of the record. The paper briefly reviews the criticisms of such pr...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An 18 month follow-up of the breastfeeding and postpartum contraceptive use patterns of 253 women in south Lebanon served by a community-based family planning services program has suggested an independent negative relationship between the duration of breastfeeding and the pattern of starting contraception postpartum. ...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data collected from 3,073 couples in four Nigerian cities and one semi-urban settlement were used to examine reproductive decision-making and male motivation for large family size. The report concludes that the characteristic male-dominant and patrilineal traditions support large family size and that men's reproductiv...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A decade has elapsed since a project was launched in Matlab, Bangladesh to test the hypothesis that contraceptive services can induce and sustain fertility decline in a rural traditional population. The demographic impact of this project has been pronounced, lending support to the view that supply-side policies can su...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews field experiences with provision of family planning services in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs in ten countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Family planning is a standard component of most antenatal care and maternal-child health programs within which PMTCT prog...
journal_title:Studies in family planning
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2005.00064.x
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00