Race and sex differences in hip fracture incidence.

abstract：:Over the course of the 20th century, the United States became an urban nation: 80% of Americans now live in metropolitan areas. Supplying basic sanitary services-drinking water, sewers, and garbage removal-to these cities is a gargantuan task, yet most people have little understanding of urban infrastructure systems a...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Knowlton K

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whether the traditional definition of small for gestational age (SGA) is an appropriate marker of risk for populations that have relatively lower birthweight is unclear. We determined proportions of White and Asian Indian SGA infants and those admitted to the special care nursery. Compared with White infants, Asian In...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Lee HC,Ramachandran P,Madan A

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to identify people living with HIV/AIDS from Medicare and Medicaid claims data to estimate Medicaid costs for treating HIV/AIDS in California. We also examined how alternate methods of identifying the relevant sample affect estimates of per capita costs. METHODS:We analyzed data on Californians en...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Leibowitz AA,Desmond K

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to provide estimates of disability prevalence for states and metropolitan areas in the United States. METHODS:We analyzed Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2001 for all 50 states and the District of Columbia and 103 metropolitan areas. We performed stratified analyses by demogra...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Okoro CA,Balluz LS,Campbell VA,Holt JB,Mokdad AH

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Roots of the epidemic of alcohol-related problems among many Native North Americans are sought in cultural responses to European arrival, the role of alcohol in frontier society, and colonial and postcolonial policies. Evidence from the historical record is considered within the framework of current social science. In...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Frank JW,Moore RS,Ames GM

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Smoking behavior of consistently high and low users of medical care services were compared in two groups of older health maintenance organization (HMO) members continuously enrolled for five years and a subgroup who were continuously enrolled for 10 years. Smokers and former smokers, combined, were more likely than ne...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Freeborn DK,Mullooly JP,Pope CR,McFarland BH

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Given the declining health status of the Russian population and the negative social impact of ongoing economic reforms, it is important to understand the nature and scope of Russia's innovations in health care financing. METHODS:Data on Russian health care and its financing were gathered from Russian newspa...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Burger EJ Jr,Field MG,Twigg JL

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to assess whether breastfeeding-related hospital practices reported by mothers were associated with achievement of their intentions to exclusively breastfeed. METHODS:We used data from Listening to Mothers II, a nationally representative survey of 1573 mothers who had given birth in a hospital to ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Declercq E,Labbok MH,Sakala C,O'Hara M

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of personal and job characteristics on the time to employment loss after diagnosis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and to examine how job loss affects patients' income. METHODS:Data were collected from 305 patients with AIDS at three sit...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Massagli MP,Weissman JS,Seage GR 3rd,Epstein AM

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To elucidate why the inverse association between education level and mortality risk (the gradient) has increased markedly among White women since the mid-1980s, we identified causes of death for which the gradient increased. METHODS:We used data from the 1986 to 2006 National Health Interview Survey Linked ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Montez JK,Zajacova A

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Assessments of the consequences of deinstitutionalization tend to focus primarily on observable changes in psychiatric services. Equally critical, and less often noted, are changes in the target population of deinstitutionalization that have accrued as the result of new service initiatives and changing loci of care. Y...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Bachrach LL

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Response levels obtained from two methods of patient contact to obtain subject consent for participation in epidemiologic studies were compared. When a signed, return card was required prior to further contact, 70 to 83 per cent of patients consented to participate, compared with consistently higher levels (89 to 93 p...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Mueller BA,McTiernan A,Daling JR

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conventional methods for classifying patients with respect to utilization of health care resources are based almost exclusively on diagnostic criteria. We review a new severity of illness index which is generic to most medical and surgical conditions in a hospital, and which has been found to produce subgroups of pati...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Horn SD

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined risk factors for injuries to nursing assistants from assaults by nursing home residents at both the individual and the organizational level. METHODS:We analyzed data from the 2004 National Nursing Assistant Survey that were linked to facility information from the 2004 National Nursing Home Surve...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Tak S,Sweeney MH,Alterman T,Baron S,Calvert GM

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The National AIDS Behavioral Survey (1990-1992) of heterosexual adults (18-49 years) measured human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk factors, condom use, and HIV antibody testing, with a focus on major "high-risk" cities. METHODS:A longitudinal survey was conducted. RESULTS:There was little reduction in t...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Catania JA,Binson D,Dolcini MM,Stall R,Choi KH,Pollack LM,Hudes ES,Canchola J,Phillips K,Moskowitz JT

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study assessed the effectiveness of a family planning intervention with and without husband's participation in reducing pregnancy and abortion rates in Shanghai, China. METHODS:In this 3-arm randomized trial among 1800 nonsterilized married women, educational interventions targeting both spouses and ta...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Wang CC,Vittinghoff E,Hua LS,Yun WH,Rong ZM

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to learn how employees reacted to changes in the corporate narrative of Philip Morris Companies (PMC) in the late 1990s and early 2000s. METHODS:We analyzed archival internal tobacco industry documents about PMC's creation of a new corporate story. RESULTS:In response to litigation and public opp...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： McDaniel PA,Malone RE

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed the proportion and characteristics of patients who do not regularly visit general health care providers but do visit dentists and whose unaddressed systemic health conditions could therefore be identified by their dentist. Of the 26.0% of children and 24.1% of adults that did not access general outpatient ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Strauss SM,Alfano MC,Shelley D,Fulmer T

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A single case of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) can overwhelm the technical and financial capacity of small TB programs. In May 2008, the island state of Chuuk requested assistance for their first cases of MDR-TB. Second-line drugs and isolation rooms were unavailable, lab capacity was limited, and clinicia...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Brostrom R,Fred D,Heetderks A,Desai M,Song R,Haddad M,Wada R,Bamrah S

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In public health evaluations, confounding bias in the estimate of the intervention effect will typically threaten the validity of the findings. It is a common misperception that the only way to avoid this bias is to measure detailed, high-quality data on potential confounders for every intervention participant, but th...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Spiegelman D,Rivera-Rodriguez CL,Haneuse S

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Knowledge of infection is essential for human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) treatment initiation and epidemic control. This study evaluates infection knowledge among infected injection drug users and acceptance of confidential testing among injection drug users, particularly those infected with HIV-1...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Reardon J,Warren N,Keilch R,Jenssen D,Wise F,Brunner W

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Our study tested the effectiveness of network methods for identifying opinion leaders and for constructing groups. METHODS:Three conditions-random, teacher, and network--ere randomly assigned to 84 6th-grade classrooms within 16 schools. Pre- and postcurriculum data on mediators of tobacco use were collecte...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Valente TW,Hoffman BR,Ritt-Olson A,Lichtman K,Johnson CA

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The importance of injury as a public health problem is not well recognized in many developing countries. Data have recently become available on injury mortality in China. METHOD:We compared Chinese injury data based on a 100 million population segment for 1986 with data for the United States. RESULTS:The a...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Li GH,Baker SP

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the prevalence and correlates of unprotected anal intercourse among 758 young African American men who have sex with men. A quarter of the sample reported unprotected anal intercourse in the past 3 months; nonsupportive peer norms and not carrying condoms predicted risky sexual behavior. Effective ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Hart T,Peterson JL,Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team.

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to examine relationships between income and mortality, focusing on the predictive utility of single-year and multiyear measures of income, the shape of the income gradient in mortality, trends in this gradient over time, the impact of income change on mortality, and the joint effect...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： McDonough P,Duncan GJ,Williams D,House J

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The United States excels at treating the most complex medical conditions, but our low-ranking health statistics (relative to other countries) do not match our high-end health care spending. One way to understand this paradox is to examine the history of federal children's health programs. In the 1800s, children's heal...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Brosco JP

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine food insecurity and cardiovascular disease-related health outcomes among American Indians (AIs) in rural Oklahoma. METHODS:We surveyed a cross-sectional sample of 513 AI adults to assess food insecurity domains (i.e., food quality and quantity) and obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. RESULTS:Am...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Blue Bird Jernigan V,Wetherill MS,Hearod J,Jacob T,Salvatore AL,Cannady T,Grammar M,Standridge J,Fox J,Spiegel J,Wiley A,Noonan C,Buchwald D

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Advances in genomics and neuroscience have ushered in unprecedented opportunities to increase our understanding of the biological underpinnings of mental disorders, yet there has been limited progress in translating knowledge on genetic risk factors to reduce the burden of these conditions in the population. We descri...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Merikangas KR,Merikangas AK

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The AIDS Interfaith Council of Houston, sponsored by the Foundation for Interfaith Research and Ministry, recruits, trains, and coordinates volunteers for home-based care for adults and children with AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). The program provides compassionate, non-judgmental care for the sick and res...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Shelp EE,DuBose ER,Sunderland RH

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the role of Department of Defense policies in identifying theater-sustained traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). METHODS:We conducted a retrospective study of 48 172 US military service members who sustained their first lifetime TBIs between 2001 and 2016 while deployed to Afghanistan or Iraq. We use...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Agimi Y,Regasa LE,Ivins B,Malik S,Helmick K,Marion D

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00