Abstract:
:There is growing interest in studying the toxicity and health risk of exposure to multi-pollutant mixtures found in ambient air, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is moving towards setting standards for these types of mixtures. Additionally, the Health Effects Institute's strategic plan aims to develop and apply next-generation multi-pollutant approaches to understanding the health effects of air pollutants. There's increasing concern that conventional in vitro exposure methods are not adequate to meet EPA's strategic plan to demonstrate a direct link between air pollution and health effects. To meet the demand for new in vitro technology that better represents direct air-to-cell inhalation exposures, a new system that exposes cells at the air-liquid interface was developed. This new system, named the Gillings Sampler, is a modified two-stage electrostatic precipitator that provides a viable environment for cultured cells. Polystyrene latex spheres were used to determine deposition efficiencies (38-45%), while microscopy and imaging techniques were used to confirm uniform particle deposition. Negative control A549 cell exposures indicated the sampler can be operated for up to 4h without inducing any significant toxic effects on cells, as measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and interleukin-8 (IL-8). A novel positive aerosol control exposure method, consisting of a p-tolualdehyde (TOLALD) impregnated mineral oil aerosol (MOA), was developed to test this system. Exposures to the toxic MOA at a 1 ng/cm(2) dose of TOLALD yielded a reproducible 1.4 and 2-fold increase in LDH and IL-8 mRNA levels over controls. This new system is intended to be used as an alternative research tool for aerosol in vitro exposure studies. While further testing and optimization is still required to produce a "commercially ready" system, it serves as a stepping-stone in the development of cost-effective in vitro technology that can be made accessible to researchers in the near future.
journal_name
Chem Biol Interactjournal_title
Chemico-biological interactionsauthors
Zavala J,Lichtveld K,Ebersviller S,Carson JL,Walters GW,Jaspers I,Jeffries HE,Sexton KG,Vizuete Wdoi
10.1016/j.cbi.2014.06.026subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-09-05 00:00:00pages
158-68eissn
0009-2797issn
1872-7786pii
S0009-2797(14)00212-9journal_volume
220pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Alkylation of DNA with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MeNU) and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (EtNU) reduces its ability to support RNA synthesis catalyzed by exogenously added RNA polymerase. It is likely that 7-alkylguanine and alkyl phosphotriester in DNA are mainly responsible for the inhibition of RNA synthesis. The inhibitory ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(83)90027-3
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C3 is a cytosolic enzyme that metabolizes steroids, prostaglandins, toxic aldehydes and drugs. Recently, some nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms of AKR1C3 have been suggested to impact steroid and drug metabolism. In this study, we examined the effects of C154Y and L159V variants ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2016.12.018
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A single dose of the carcinogen aflatoxin B1 (7 mg/kg body weight) to male Wistar rats significantly enhanced the hepatic activity of protein kinase C in the particulate and nuclear fractions. The particulate fraction showed stimulation at 4 and 7 h, while the nuclear activity was increased at 17 h following administr...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(96)03698-8
更新日期:1996-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::This laboratory has described the azoreduction of p-dimethylaminoazobenzene (1c) by rat liver microsomal cytochrome P-450. To elucidate the mechanisms involved, the reduction of structurally related azobenzenes by hepatic microsomes was investigated. High substrate reactivity was observed for 1c, its corresponding sec...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(89)90099-9
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ayahuasca is a psychoactive concoction prepared from the plants Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis which are used ancestrally by Amazonian Indian populations and more recently, by Christian religious groups in Brazil and other countries. The aims of the present study were to identify the effects of ayahuasca ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2018.08.001
更新日期:2018-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::This study was planned to determine the protective role of zinc, if any, in attenuating the toxicity induced by nickel sulfate in rat liver. Female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats received either nickel alone in the dose of 800 mg/l in drinking water, zinc alone in the dose of 227 mg/l in drinking water, and nickel plus zinc...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2004.09.012
更新日期:2004-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Thioredoxin is a redox protein found over-expressed in some human tumors. Thioredoxin is secreted by tumor cells and stimulates cancer cell growth. Redox activity is essential for growth stimulation by thioredoxin. Cells transfected with thioredoxin cDNA show increased tumor growth and decreased apoptosis in vivo and ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0009-2797(97)00148-8
更新日期:1998-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last few years, several laboratories have focused their attention on elucidating the molecular events that control the expression and localization of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in neurons and skeletal muscle cells. In this context, results from a number of studies have clearly shown the important contributio...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2005.10.004
更新日期:2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Metallothioneins (MTs) have demonstrated strong antioxidant properties, however the biological significance of their effect against hydroxyl radical toxicity remains unclear. We investigated the oxidation and turnover of renal MTs in MT-preinduced mice after an injection of ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA). Incubatio...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2011.09.006
更新日期:2012-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::The characterization of the metabolic pathways of new chemical entities with a special emphasis on detecting potentially reactive metabolites is increasingly being performed early in the drug discovery process. In the present study, the preliminary in vitro metabolic routes of a series of novel 2-substituted benzothio...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2005.01.005
更新日期:2005-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluates the possible protective effects of gallic acid (GaA) and ferulic acid (FeA) against an experimentally induced liver fibrosis by thioacetamide (TAA) in rats. Animals were divided into: Control group, GaA group (20 mg/kg/day, p.o), FeA (20 mg/kg/day, p.o), TAA group (receiving 250 mg/kg twice/week, ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109098
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fosfomycin is clinically recognized to reduce the aminoglycoside antibiotics-induced nephrotoxicity. However, little has been clarified why fosfomycin protects the kidney from the aminoglycosides-induced nephrotoxicity. Gentamicin, a typical aminoglycoside, is reported to cause lipid peroxidation. We focused on lipid ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2004.05.005
更新日期:2004-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin and S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe) prevent oxidative stress and tissue dysfunction in obstructive jaundice (OJ). Lipid peroxidation is exacerbated in the presence of trace amounts of iron (Fe). The study investigated the regulation by melatonin and SAMe the induction of oxidative stress, iron metabolism dist...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2008.05.016
更新日期:2008-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Medium-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (MDR) alcohol dehydrogenases exhibit multiple forms through a number of gene duplications. A crucial duplication was the one leading from the glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase line to the liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) lines of vertebrates, the first duplication...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00294-5
更新日期:2001-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrethroid interactions with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) vesicles have been characterized in bilayers having large and small radii of curvature. The abilities of pyrethroids to alter the gel-fluid phase transition profiles were determined by steady state fluorescence anisotropy and phase-modulation lifetime...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0009-2797(85)80156-3
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyphenols, coumarin (1,2-benzopyrone) and chromone (1,4-benzopyrone), are naturally occurring constituent of variety of plant species. They have attracted immense interest because of their diverse pharmacological activities. Not much was known about biological activities of acetyl derivative (polyphenolic acetates) ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2010.02.025
更新日期:2010-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicokinetics of trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PER) in culture medium and their toxicity to CHO-K1 cells were investigated by employing an in vitro vapor exposure system. Cells were cultured in a 60 mm petri dish with a 25 mm glass dish glued in the central area. TCE or PER was added to the central...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0009-2797(01)00226-5
更新日期:2001-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, attention has been focused on the anti-cancer properties of pure components, an important role in the prevention of disease. Andrographolide (Andro), the major constituent of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Nees plant, is implicated towards its pharmacological activity. To investigate the mechanism...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2008.06.006
更新日期:2008-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::Susceptibility to drug toxicity is influenced by a variety of factors, both genetic and environmental. The focus of this article is the evidence addressing the hypothesis that inflammation is both a result of and a susceptibility factor for drug toxicity, with an emphasis on liver as a target organ. Results of studies...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2004.09.002
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trans-4-acetylaminostilbene (trans-AAS) is a potent carcinogen and quite specifically produces sebaceous gland tumors, predominantly in the Zymbal's gland of rats. It is also acutely toxic to the rat glandular stomach. Recent results have shown that these target tissues are not notably exposed to reactive metabolites ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0009-2797(85)80154-x
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurotoxicity is a key dose-limiting factor for colistin therapy. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Salidroside on colistin-induced neurotoxicity in RSC96 Schwann cells and the underlying mechanisms. After Salidroside (12.5, 25, 50 μg/mL) treatment for 2 h, the cells were cultured with 250 μg/mL...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2017.04.027
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An important application of primary hepatocyte cultures is for hepatotoxicity research. In this paper, gel entrapment culture of rat hepatocytes in miniaturized BAL system were evaluated as a potential in vitro model for hepatotoxicity studies in comparison to monolayer cultures. After exposure for 24 and 48 h to acet...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2006.05.005
更新日期:2006-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Copper is an essential trace metal for physiological functions, whereas copper overload causes cytotoxicity in living organisms. Genetically determined systems regulate acquisition, distribution and storage for copper maintenance and homeostasis. The Human ATP7A copper transport ATPase modulates intracellular copper d...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2010.12.003
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemopreventive potential of Acacia nilotica bark extract (ANBE) against single intraperitoneal injection of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA, 200mg/kg) followed by weekly subcutaneous injections of carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4), 3 ml/kg) for 6 weeks induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats was studied. At 45 day afte...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2009.05.007
更新日期:2009-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::Liver alcohol dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.1) is an NAD(+)/NADH dependent enzyme with a broad substrate specificity being active on an assortment of primary and secondary alcohols. It catalyzes the reversible oxidation of a wide variety of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones as well as the oxidation of cer...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00263-5
更新日期:2001-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis is a major global public health problem. Aluminum (Al) exposure inhibits osteoblast mineralization and induces osteoporosis. However, the exact mechanism is not fully understood. The transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad pathway is a major signaling cascade in regulating osteoblast mineralization. T...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2015.11.027
更新日期:2016-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) are widely-distributed environmental contaminants known to exert toxic effects in various tissues, including placenta. PAHs have notably been shown to inhibit proliferation of trophoblastic cells. The present study was designed to determine whether P...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2013.12.004
更新日期:2014-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::Repair synthesis has been followed in P388F cell DNA following treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) using 5-iodo-deoxyuridine (IUdR) and [3H] thymidine combination. A pattern of repair synthesis was obtained, similar in its timing to the initial and medial stages of single-strand break formation ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(76)90023-5
更新日期:1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among transplanted recipients and cyclosporine (CsA) treatment has been consistently implicated in this event. In this study we assessed total blood homocysteine levels (tHcy), ecto-nucleotidase activities and adenine nucleotide/nucleoside levels searching f...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2010.06.011
更新日期:2010-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::We examined and compared enantioselectivity in the oxidation of propranolol (PL) by liver microsomes from humans and Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). PL was oxidized at the naphthalene ring to 4-hydroxypropranolol, 5-hydroxypropranolol and side chain N-desisopropylpropranolol by human liver microsomes with enantiose...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00174-5
更新日期:2000-06-15 00:00:00