Abstract:
:Statistical analyses of DNA sequences of the preproglucagon genes from bovine, human, hamster, and anglerfish suggest that a gene duplication creating two anglerfish genes (AF I and II) occurred about 160 Myr ago, long after the separation of fish and mammals. The analyses further suggest that the internal duplication producing the glucagon and glucagon-like peptide II (GLP-II) regions occurred about 1.2 billion years ago, which would indicate that the GLP-II region was present in the ancestral anglerfish sequence but was silenced or deleted before the gene duplication separating AF I and II. The glucagon-like peptide I (GLP-I) was derived from a duplication of the ancestral glucagon region about 800 Myr ago. The rate of synonymous substitution in these genes is approximately 4.3 x 10(-9) substitutions per year per synonymous site. The rate of nonsynonymous substitution in the signal peptide region is about 1.1 x 10(-9) substitutions per year per nonsynonymous site, a high rate comparable to that in the C-peptide region of preproinsulin. The rate of nonsynonymous substitution in the glicentin-related pancreatic polypeptide (GRPP) region is 0.63 x 10(-9) for the comparisons between mammalian species and 1.8 x 10(-9) for the comparisons between fish and mammals; the moderate rate in mammals suggests a physiological role for GRPP. The glucagon region is extremely conservative; no nonsynonymous substitution is observed in the mammalian genes, and a nonsynonymous rate of 0.18 x 10(-9) was obtained from the comparisons between fish and mammals. In the GLP-I region, the rate of nonsynonymous substitution was estimated to be 0.08 x 10(-9) for the comparisons between mammalian species and 0.30 x 10(-9) for the comparisons between fish and mammals. In the GLP-II region, the rate was estimated to be 0.25 x 10(-9) for the comparisons between mammalian species. Thus, GLP-I and II are also very conservative, which suggests an important physiological role for these peptides.
journal_name
Mol Biol Evoljournal_title
Molecular biology and evolutionauthors
Lopez LC,Li WH,Frazier ML,Luo CC,Saunders GFdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040322subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-07-01 00:00:00pages
335-44issue
4eissn
0737-4038issn
1537-1719journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The complete mitochondrial genome of Tupaia belangeri, a representative of the eutherian order Scandentia, was determined and compared with full-length mitochondrial sequences of other eutherian orders described to date. The complete mitochondrial genome is 16, 754 nt in length, with no obvious deviation from the gene...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026417
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variola virus is at risk of re-emergence either through accidental release, bioterrorism, or synthetic biology. The use of phylogenetics and phylogeography to support epidemic field response is expected to grow as sequencing technology becomes miniaturized, cheap, and ubiquitous. In this study, we aimed to explore the...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msy153
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of evolution of paralogous genes in a genome is central to our understanding of genome evolution. Comparison of closely related bacterial genomes, which has provided clues as to how genome sequences evolve under natural conditions, would help in such an analysis. With species Staphylococcus aureus, whole-geno...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msk013
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The minimum-evolution (ME) method of phylogenetic inference is based on the assumption that the tree with the smallest sum of branch length estimates is most likely to be the true one. In the past this assumption has been used without mathematical proof. Here we present the theoretical basis of this method by showing ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040056
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral genome integration provides a complex route to biological innovation that has rarely but repeatedly occurred in one of the most diverse lineages of organisms on the planet, parasitoid wasps. We describe a novel endogenous virus in braconid wasps derived from pathogenic alphanudiviruses. Limited to a subset of th...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msy148
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heme biosynthesis represents one of the most essential metabolic pathways in living organisms, providing the precursors for cytochrome prosthetic groups, photosynthetic pigments, and vitamin B(12). Using genomic data, we have compared the heme pathway in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and the red alga Cyanidiosch...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msi230
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purifying selection can substantially alter patterns of molecular evolution. Its main effect is to reduce overall levels of genetic variation, leading to a reduced effective population size. However, it also distorts genealogies relative to neutral expectations. A structured coalescent method has been used to describe...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/mss170
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has recently been claimed that older genes tend to evolve more slowly than newer ones (Alba and Castresana 2005). By simulation of genes of equal age, we show that the inverse correlation between age and rate is an artifact caused by our inability to detect homology when evolutionary distances are large. Since evol...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.1093/molbev/msj006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coevolutionary conflict among imprinted genes that influence traits such as offspring growth may arise when maternal and paternal genomes have different evolutionary optima. This conflict is expected in outcrossing taxa with multiple paternity, but not self-fertilizing taxa. MEDEA (MEA) is an imprinted plant gene that...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msp001
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite its poorly adapted codon usage, HIV-1 replicates and is expressed extremely well in human host cells. HIV-1 has recently been shown to package non-lysyl transfer RNAs (tRNAs) in addition to the tRNA(Lys) needed for priming reverse transcription and integration of the HIV-1 genome. By comparing the codon usage ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msr005
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heuristic approaches were used to quantify the influence that sequencing errors have on estimates of nucleotide diversity, substitution rate, and the construction of genealogies. Error rates of less than 1 nucleotide/kb probably have little affect on conclusions about the evolutionary history of highly polymorphic org...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040756
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosomal DNA from 23 closely related, pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli was digested and probed for the insertion sequences IS1, IS2, IS4, IS5, and IS30. Under the assumption that elements residing in DNA restriction fragments of the same apparent length are identical by descent, parsimony analysis of these ch...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040531
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 32-kb region including the Adh structural gene was analyzed with six restriction endonucleases in 20 lines of Drosophila pseudoobscura, one line of D. persimilis, and one line of D. miranda. Nineteen lines of D. pseudoobscura from a single population were estimated to be polymorphic at one in every 15 nucleotides (p...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040438
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike mammals, fish are able to regenerate axons in their central nervous system. This difference has been partly attributed to the loss/acquisition of inhibitory proteins during evolution. Nogo-A--the longest isoform of the reticulon4 (rtn4) gene product--is commonly found in mammalian myelin where it acts as a pote...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msq313
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The SLiM forward genetic simulation framework has proved to be a powerful and flexible tool for population genetic modeling. However, as a complex piece of software with many features that allow simulating a diverse assortment of evolutionary models, its initial learning curve can be difficult. Here we provide a step-...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msy237
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is widely accepted that evolutionary changes in conserved developmental signaling pathways play an important role in morphological evolution. However, few in silico studies were interested in tracking such changes in a signaling pathway. The Ectodysplasin (EDA) pathway provides an opportunity to fill this gap becau...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msn038
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::That natural selection affects molecular evolution at synonymous sites in protein-coding sequences is well established and is thought to predominantly reflect selection for translational efficiency/accuracy mediated through codon bias. However, a recently developed maximum likelihood framework, when applied to 18 codi...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msm196
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evolutionary origin of eukaryotes is a question of great interest for which many different hypotheses have been proposed. These hypotheses predict distinct patterns of evolutionary relationships for individual genes of the ancestral eukaryotic genome. The availability of numerous completely sequenced genomes cover...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/mst272
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI and splice variant SR-BII) plays a central role in HDL cholesterol metabolism and represents a candidate gene for a number of related diseases. We examined the genetic diversity of its coding and flanking regions in a sample of 178 chromosomes from individuals of Euro...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msh074
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major limitation on ability to reconstruct bacterial evolution is the lack of dated ancestors that might be used to evaluate and calibrate molecular clocks. Vertically transmitted symbionts that have cospeciated with animal hosts offer a firm basis for calibrating sequence evolution in bacteria, since fossils of the...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026071
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::tRNAs are important players in the protein synthesis machinery, where they act as adapter molecules for translating the mRNA codons into the corresponding amino acid sequence. In a series of highly conserved maturation steps, the primary transcripts are converted into mature tRNAs. In the amoebozoan Acanthamoeba caste...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa270
更新日期:2020-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::When bacteria evolve resistance against a particular antibiotic, they may simultaneously gain increased sensitivity against a second one. Such collateral sensitivity may be exploited to develop novel, sustainable antibiotic treatment strategies aimed at containing the current, dramatic spread of drug resistance. To da...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msx158
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Debate on the adaptive origins of primates has long focused on the functional ecology of the primate visual system. For example, it is hypothesized that variable expression of short- (SWS1) and middle-to-long-wavelength sensitive (M/LWS) opsins, which confer color vision, can be used to infer ancestral activity patter...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msv346
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many intron positions are conserved in varying subsets of eukaryotic genomes and, consequently, comprise a potentially informative class of phylogenetic characters. Roy and Gilbert developed a method of phylogenetic reconstruction using the patterns of intron presence-absence in eukaryotic genes and, applying this met...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msm207
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes in East African Lake Malawi encompasses over 500 species that are believed to have evolved within the last 800,000 years from a common founder population. It has been proposed that hybridization between ancestral lineages can provide the genetic raw material to fuel such except...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msz294
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lineage-specific gene duplications contribute to a large variation in specialized metabolites among different plant species. There is also considerable variability in the specialized metabolites within a single plant species. However, it is unclear whether copy number variations (CNVs) derived from gene duplication ev...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msx234
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::While it is widely accepted that most animals (Metazoa) do not have endogenous cellulases, relying instead on intestinal symbionts for cellulose digestion, the glycosyl hydrolase family 9 (GHF9) cellulases found in the genomes of termites, abalone, and sea squirts could be an exception. Using information from expresse...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msi107
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Until recently, phylogenetic analyses have been routinely based on homologous sequences of a single gene. Given the vast number of gene sequences now available, phylogenetic studies are now based on the analysis of multiple genes. Thus, it has become necessary to devise statistical methods to combine multiple molecula...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004053
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we sequenced the 5,419,609 bp circular genome of an Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolate that killed a patient and was resistant to almost all current antibiotics (except gentamicin) commonly used to treat Enterobacterial infections, including colistin. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses explain the discrepanc...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/mss236
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathways for detection and degradation of transcripts containing premature termination (stop) codons (PTCs) are ubiquitous among the eukaryotes. NMD uses the presence of a second signal downstream of a termination codon to distinguish a PTC from a true stop codon. In mammals and perhaps o...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1093/molbev/msm010
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00