Abstract:
:The electrical activity of 168 individual neurons located in the medullary reticular formation, namely, in the medial aspects of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis, magnocellularis, and ventralis, has been recorded in precollicular decerebrate cats during sinusoidal tilt about the longitudinal axis of the whole animal, leading to stimulation of labyrinth receptors. In particular, 93 neurons were activated antidromically by stimulation of the spinal cord at T12 and L1 (1RS neurons); the remaining 75 neurons were not activated antidromically (RF neurons). Among these medial reticular neurons tested, 64 of 93 (i.e., 69%) 1RS neurons and 49 of 75 (i.e., 65%) RF neurons responded to slow rotation of the animal at the standard frequency of 0.026 Hz and at the peak amplitude of displacement of 10 degrees. A periodic modulation of firing rate of the units was observed during the sinusoidal stimulus. In particular, 71 of 113 units (i.e., 63%) were excited during side-up and depressed during side-down tilt, whereas 24 of 113 units (i.e., 21%) showed the opposite behavior. In both instances, the peak of the responses occurred with an average phase lead of about +25 degrees with respect to the extreme side-up or side-down position of the animal. The remaining 18 units (i.e., 16%) showed a prominent phase shift of the peak of their response with respect to animal position. Within the explored region of the medulla, the proportion of units excited during side-up tilt was higher at caudal levels, whereas that of the units excited during side-down tilt was higher at rostral levels. Units displaying intermediate phase angle of the responses predominated at intermediate levels of the medulla. Responses to animal tilt were detectable at 1 degree of peak displacement. The gain (impulses x s-1 x deg-1) of the responses of reticulospinal neurons did not change by increasing the peak amplitude of tilt from 5 to 20 degrees at the fixed frequency of 0.026 Hz. This finding indicates that the system was relatively linear with respect to the amplitude of displacement. By varying the frequency of stimulation from 0.008 to 0.32 Hz at the fixed amplitude of 10 degrees, two populations of reticulospinal neurons were observed. In the first, the gain and the phase angle of response remained relatively unmodified against changes in frequencies: these positional responses were attributed to stimulation of macular receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Manzoni D,Pompeiano O,Stampacchia G,Srivastava UCdoi
10.1152/jn.1983.50.5.1059subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-11-01 00:00:00pages
1059-79issue
5eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The underlying neurophysiology of postural control of the lower back in humans is poorly understood. We have characterized motor unit (MU) discharge activity in the deep lumbar multifidus (LM) muscle in nine healthy subjects (20-40 yr, 3 females). Bilateral fine wire electrodes were implanted at L4 spinal level using ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00010.2014
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies have analyzed activity-induced changes in EMG activity in individual human motor units. We studied the changes in human thenar motor unit EMG that accompany the potentiation of twitch force and fatigue of tetanic force. Single motor unit EMG and force were recorded in healthy subjects in response to select...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00924.2005
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although T-type Ca(2+) channels in the reticular thalamic nucleus (nRT) have a central function in tuning neuronal excitability and are implicated in sensory processing, sleep, and epilepsy, the mechanisms involved in their regulation are poorly understood. Here we recorded T-type Ca(2+) currents from intact nRT neuro...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00926.2006
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies conducted in our laboratory have suggested that the tongue primary motor cortex (i.e., tongue-MI) plays a critical role in the control of voluntary tongue movements in the primate. However, the possible involvement of tongue-MI in semiautomatic tongue movements, such as those in swallowing, remains unkn...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.3.1516
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spatial arrangement of preferred directions (PDs) in the primary motor cortex has revealed evidence for columnar organization and short-range order. We investigated the large-scale properties of this arrangement. We recorded neural activity at sites on a grid covering a large region of the arm area of the motor co...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00488.2006
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Red and green cones of two turtle species (Pseudemys scripta elegans and Chelydra serpentina) retina have been stained with Golgi procedures and examined by light microscopy of whole-mount tissue and by electron microscopy of serial thin sections. By light microscopy, red and green single cones appear indistinguishabl...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.54.2.304
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The last few years have seen an increase in the variety of in vivo experiments used for studying cerebellar physiological mechanisms. A combination of ketamine and xylazine has become a particularly popular form of anesthesia. However, because nonanesthetized control conditions are lacking in these experiments, so far...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00057.2007
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our mental representation of object categories is hierarchically organized, and our rapid and seemingly effortless categorization ability is crucial for our daily behavior. Here, we examine responses of a large number (>600) of neurons in monkey inferior temporal (IT) cortex with a large number (>1,000) of natural and...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00024.2007
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::With each eye movement, stationary objects in the world change position on the retina, yet we perceive the world as stable. Spatial updating, or remapping, is one neural mechanism by which the brain compensates for shifts in the retinal image caused by voluntary eye movements. Remapping of a visual representation is b...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00189.2006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of feedback from large-diameter sensory fibers to the adaptation of soleus muscle activity after small ankle trajectory modifications during human walking. Small-amplitude and slow-velocity ankle dorsiflexion enhancements and reductions were applied during the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01071.2004
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fundamental question in systems biology addresses the issue of how flexibility is built into modulatory networks such that they can produce context-dependent responses. Here we examine flexibility in the serotonin (5-HT) response system that modulates the cycle frequency (cf) of a rhythmic motor output. We found tha...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00986.2007
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human subjects chose between two color-coded reach targets using multicolored checkerboard-like decision cues (DCs) that presented variable amounts of conflicting sensory evidence supporting both target choices. Different DCs contained different numbers of small squares of the two target colors. The most ambiguous DCs...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00145.2014
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on animals have shown that noise-induced hearing loss is followed by an increase of spontaneous firing at several stages of the central auditory system. This central hyperactivity has been suggested to underpin the perception of tinnitus. It was shown that decreasing cochlear activity can abolish the noise-ind...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00580.2014
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Neurons (n = 142) were recorded with extracellular micropipettes in the parabrachial (PB) area, in the anesthetized rat, some of them being antidromically driven from the centralis nucleus of the amygdala (Ce). The spontaneous activity of these neurons was low, (10th percentile < median frequency < 90th percentile;...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.71.5.1646
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we show that inhibition shapes diverse responses to species-specific calls in the inferior colliculus (IC) of Mexican free-tailed bats. We presented 10 calls to each neuron of which 8 were social communication and 2 were echolocation calls. We also measured excitatory response regions: the range of tone burst fre...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.88.4.1941
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::After a cortical lesion, cortical areas distant from the site of injury are known to undergo physiological and anatomical changes. However, the mechanisms through which reorganization of distant cortical areas is initiated are poorly understood. In a previous publication, we showed that the ventral premotor cortex (PM...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00792.2006
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Precise motion control is critical to human survival on Earth and in space. Motion sensation is inherently imprecise, and the functional implications of this imprecision are not well understood. We studied a "vestibular" manual control task in which subjects attempted to keep themselves upright with a rotational hand ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00565.2018
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In layer 2/3 of neocortex, brief trains of action potentials in pyramidal neurons (PNs) induce the mobilization of endogenous cannabinoids (eCBs), resulting in a depression of GABA release from the terminals of inhibitory interneurons (INs). This depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI) is mediated by ac...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00817.2007
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A method for adapting a standard stereotaxic frame for use with neonatal rats as young as postnatal day 1 (PD 1) was devised, and single-unit extracellular recordings were obtained from neurons in the locus ceruleus (LC) in urethan-anesthetized rats during different stages in development from PD 1 to PD 34. 2. The ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1987.58.3.510
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were performed on human elbow flexor and extensor muscles and jaw-opening and -closing muscles to observe the effect on rhythmic movements of sudden loading. The load was provided by an electromagnetic device, which simulated the appearance of a smoothly increasing spring-like load. The responses to this l...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.3.1209
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of feeding behavior involves the integration of multiple physiological and neurological pathways that control both nutrient-seeking and consummatory behaviors. The consummatory phase of ingestion includes stereotyped oromotor movements of the tongue and jaw that are controlled through brain stem pathways. T...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00091.2014
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The essential role of calcium in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) has been well established. In particular, calcium influx via the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) is important for LTP induction in many pathways. However, the specific roles of other calcium sources in hippocampal LTP are less ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.88.1.249
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low-voltage-activated Ca(2+) currents (LVA-I(Ca)) are believed to perform several roles in neurons such as lowering the threshold for action potentials, promoting burst firing and oscillatory behavior, and enhancing synaptic excitation. They also may allow rapid increases in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. We disc...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.2.746
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The same set of stimuli and analytic methods that was used to study the dynamics of horizontal cells () was applied to a study of the response dynamics and signal processing in amacrine cells in the retina of the kissing gourami, Helostoma rudolfi. The retina contains two major classes of amacrine cells that could be ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.4.2018
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In adults, locomotor movements are accommodated to various support surface conditions by means of specific anticipatory locomotor adjustments and changes in the intersegmental coordination. Here we studied the kinematic strategies of toddlers at the onset of independent walking when negotiating various support surface...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00945.2009
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocannabinoids released from the postsynaptic neuronal membrane can activate presynaptic CB1 receptors and inhibit neurotransmitter release. In hippocampal slices, depolarization of the CA1 pyramidal neurons elicits an endocannabinoid-mediated inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid release known as depolarization-ind...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90226.2008
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrical synapses play significant roles in neural processing in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems. The view of electrical synapses as plain bidirectional intercellular channels represents a partial picture because rectifying electrical synapses expand the complexity in the communication capabilities of ne...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00973.2006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In adult songbirds, auditory neurons in the primary auditory forebrain region of field L and a secondary auditory forebrain region of caudal mesopallium (CM) are highly responsive to natural sounds, such as conspecific song. Because these nuclei are involved in sensory representations of songs, we investigated how the...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01066.2006
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In order to investigate the effects of an imbalance in stimulation to the eyes without the confounding influence of continuous deprivation of one eye, we reared cats with unequal alternating monocular exposure (AME) and, for comparison, cats with equal AME. We recorded extracellularly from single cells in area 17 o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1983.49.3.804
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seizures may cause brain damage due to mechanisms initiated by excessive excitatory synaptic transmission. One such mechanism is the activation of death-promoting intracellular cascades by the influx and the perturbed homeostasis of Ca2+. The neuroprotective effects of preventing the entry of Ca2+ from voltage-depende...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.6.3054
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00