Abstract:
:Capillary gas chromatography using an open tubular fused silica column and NP-FID was applied to the simultaneous analysis of the antihistamine, carbinoxamine, and the antitussive, hydrocodone, in human serum. Carbinoxamine and hydrocodone were extracted into methylene chloride-2-propanol (9:1) under alkaline conditions along with their respective internal standards, brompheniramine and N-ethylhydrocodone. The basic drugs were back-extracted into 0.1 N sulfuric acid and reextracted into benzene after making the aqueous phase alkaline with potassium hydroxide. The benzene extracts were evaporated to dryness and the residues were reconstituted with 40 microliter of n-nonyl alcohol-methanol (19:1). Samples (1-2 microliter) were injected onto the capillary column in the splitless mode (solvent effect) at 185 degrees and the temperature programmed to 250 degrees. Calibration curves using spiked serum standards were linear to at least 20 ng/ml for both drugs. Coefficients of variation averaged +/- 6.1% for carbinoxamine and +/- 5.0% for hydrocodone in the 2-15 ng/ml range. Sensitivity was estimated to be approximately 0.2 ng/ml for a 2-ml serum sample. Serum levels of carbinoxamine and hydrocodone were determined in a human volunteer administered these drugs.
journal_name
J Pharm Scijournal_title
Journal of pharmaceutical sciencesauthors
Hoffman DJ,Leveque MJ,Thomson Tdoi
10.1002/jps.2600721126subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-11-01 00:00:00pages
1342-4issue
11eissn
0022-3549issn
1520-6017pii
S0022-3549(15)44841-5journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Alkyl 2-imidazolyl disulfide compounds are novel antitumor agents, one of which is currently being evaluated in Phase I clinical trials. These molecules contain an unsymmetrical disulfide fragment, the lipophilic and electronic contributions of which are still not defined in the literature. Lipophilicity, ionization, ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.10112
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::SPRYCEL® (Dasatinib) is a Biopharmaceutical Classification System II weakly basic drug that exhibits strong pH-dependent solubility. Dasatinib is currently presented in 2 drug product formulations as an adult immediate release tablet and a pediatric powder for oral suspension. A bioequivalence study comparing the form...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2018.11.005
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abstract::Antisense phosphorodiamidate Morpholino oligomers (PMO) are resistant to degradation by cellular hydrolases, DNases, RNases, and phosphodiesterases, but remain sensitive to prolonged exposure to low pH. The present studies evaluate the oral fractional bioavailability, stability, and efficacy of two distinct PMO sequen...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The O-trifluoroacetyl and N,O-trifluoroacetyl derivatives of a series of aporphine and noraporphine alkaloids were prepared, and their GLC and mass spectrometric characteristics were determined. The positional isomers apocodeine and isoapocodeine were resolved chromatographically as their trifluoroacetyl derivatives, ...
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doi:10.1002/jps.2600690819
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The promoting efficacies of N-acyl derivatives of amino acids on the rectal absorption of sodium ampicillin were investigated using the rat rectal loop technique. N-Acyl derivatives with longer carbon chains in the acyl moiety showed a greater promoting potency. The promoting potencies of N-acyl derivatives of phenylg...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi:10.1002/jps.2600760703
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An Amended Solvation Energy Relationship (ASER) was recently reported to successfully predict the aqueous solubilities of a set of 664 organic compounds. The average absolute error and root mean square error are 0.43 and 0.62 log units, respectively. When the General Solubility Equation (GSE) is applied to the same se...
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doi:10.1002/jps.10022
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventionally, it is believed that the fraction of orally administered drugs absorbed from the intestine (Fa) and intestinal availability (Fg) are independently determined by the apical membrane permeation and intestinal metabolism, respectively. However, the validity of this belief has not been well discussed, and F...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction of L-tryptophan with alpha-cyclodextrin was investigated in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 with a LKB 2277 microcalorimeter, using flow mixed mode at 25 degrees C. The thermodynamic parameters for inclusion complex formation obtained are as follows; DeltaG(0) = - 7.03 kJ/mol (K = 17.0), DeltaH(0) =...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi:10.1002/1520-6017(200102)90:2<134::aid-jps4>3.0.co
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dextran sulfate samples from different sources were examined by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy to differentiate the samples on the basis of extent and sites of sulfation. The anomeric (H-1) signal proved to be a good indicator ranging from no sulfation (as in dextran) to virtually complete sulfation at positions 2 and 3,...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi:10.1002/jps.2600800310
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The assessment of provenance of heparin is becoming a major concern for the pharmaceutical industry and its regulatory bodies. Batch-specific [carbon (δ(13) C), nitrogen (δ(15) N), oxygen (δ(18) O), sulfur (δ(34) S), and hydrogen (δD)] stable isotopic compositions of five different animal-derived heparins were perform...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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abstract::The present study describes the development of an orally disintegrating tablet containing a non-water-soluble drug delivery system. A model system was applied to evaluate the effect of different-sized particles on tablet characteristics. Cellets were incorporated into tablets prepared by freeze-drying from a 100 mg/mL...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.23517
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although PEGylation of biologics is currently the gold standard for half-life extension, the technology has a number of limitations, most importantly the non-biodegradability of PEG and the extremely high viscosity at high concentrations. HESylation is a promising alternative based on coupling to the biodegradable pol...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.24253
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Literature data relevant to the decision to waive in vivo bioequivalence testing for the approval of generic immediate release solid oral dosage forms of proguanil hydrochloride are reviewed. To elucidate the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) classification, experimental solubility and dissolution studies w...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2018.03.009
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A high-pressure liquid chromatographic procedure for quantitative dexamethasone and dexamethasone sodium phosphate determinations in all types of commercially available pharmaceutical dosage forms was developed. The method also separates dexamethasone from its phosphate salt and separates dexamethasone or its salt fro...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600680743
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gas pycnometry is applied to determine the density of solid materials. The analysis of lyophilisates is particularly challenging because of their porous structure. In this study, the density of raw materials and freeze-dried products was determined using different pycnometric methodologies and gases [helium (He), nitr...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.23723
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis of diazoketone analogs of amino acids and associated problems were investigated with N-phthaloyl-DL-alanine serving as a model. The carboxyl was activated by conversion to the acid chloride or, under mild conditions, to the mixed anhydride obtained with ethyl chloroformate or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; th...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600670518
更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::One manifestation of cystic fibrosis (CF) is the presence of a viscid mucus secretion in the lungs. The clearance of this mucus is significantly slower than in "normals" due to uncoordinated beating of the cilia and the increased viscosity of the mucus. In these studies, the permeabilities of p-aminosalicylic acid, is...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/js950381s
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reaction of chlorthalidone with methanol to give the corresponding methyl ether was investigated. The kinetics are pseudo-first-order in chlorthalidone, but the observed pseudo-first-order rate constants show an unexpected dependence on the initial chlorthalidone concentration, attributable to the presence of trac...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi:10.1002/jps.2600740811
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), the physiological vehicles for lipids, are potentially useful drug delivery devices for (hydrophobic) drugs. The physicochemical characteristics of LDL loaded with the adriamycin derivative AD 32 or the N-mustard derivative WB 4291 were compared to that of native and reconstituted LDL ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi:10.1002/jps.2600840204
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The previous paper in this series introduced an X-ray diffraction quantitation method for the polymorphic content in tablets made of pure components. Before the method could be transferred, further studies were required to explain the commonly observed X-ray intensity variation in analyzing compacts. The literature ty...
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更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro hepatic uptake kinetics of sodium fluorescein (NaFluo) and identify the transporters involved. NaFluo exhibited saturable uptake kinetics in suspended rat and human hepatocytes as reflected by K(m) values of 22.5 and 14.1 µM, and V(max) values of 98.3 and 5.8 pmol...
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更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new, specific, and useful approach for the analysis of benzalkonium chloride is presented. Reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography is used to determine benzalkonium chloride in an ophthalmic system at the presevative level of 0.004%. Since the method separates each homolog, it can be extended to determine...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diazepam (1), a hypnotic and anxiolytic drug in worldwide use, formed an intermediate product in a mixture of ethanol and sodium hydroxide ([NaOH] > or = 1 M). The intermediate product slowly decomposed to form 2-(methylamino)-5-chlorobenzophenone imine (2) and 2-(methylamino)-5-chlorobenzophenone (3). The amount of 2...
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更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The remineralization behavior of weak acid-treated bovine tooth enamel has been investigated using a recently developed quantitative microradiographic method. Acetate buffer solutions at pH 4.5 containing calcium, phosphate, and 10 ppm fluoride were used in this study. When the solution ion activity product ( KFAP = a...
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doi:10.1002/jps.2600730516
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue-specific ultrasonic enhancement can be used for the detection and characterization of atherosclerosis. We have previously demonstrated the generation of inherently echogenic (acoustically reflective) liposomes solely by varying lipid composition and controlling the method of production. In this study, echogenic...
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更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2020-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::Ethyl, n-dodecyl, and n-hexadecyl esters of urocanic acid (4-imidazoleacrylic acid) were prepared from 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde in satisfactory yields via the Wittig reaction. ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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doi:10.1002/jps.2600700123
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The knowledge of physicochemical properties of organic compounds becomes increasingly important in pharmaceutical sciences, chemical engineering, and other fields. In this study, we developed UPPER (Unified Physicochemical Property Estimation Relationships), a comprehensive model for the estimation of 20 physicochemic...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00