Abstract:
:The time course, dose frequency schedule, and dose-response relationship of the citraturic response to orally administered potassium citrate was examined in 22 normal volunteers and 21 patients with uric acid or calcium nephrolithiasis. The slow-release (wax matrix) preparation of potassium citrate produced a rapid and sustained rise in urinary citrate lasting for up to 12 hours following a single oral administration. Probably owing to this prolonged action, the slow-release preparation when given in a twice-daily or thrice-daily schedule at a dosage of 60 meq or 3.78 Gm citrate/day virtually eliminated the normally wide circadian fluctuation in urinary citrate and maintained urinary citrate at a higher, more constant level throughout the day. The liquid preparation of potassium citrate was less effective in this regard. However, the two preparations of potassium citrate caused an equivalent rise in total 24-hour urinary citrate. When 24-hour excretions of citrate were examined, urinary citrate was shown to reach its peak level by the second day of potassium citrate treatment and to return to the pretreatment level by the second day after the treatment was stopped. The rise in urinary citrate produced by treatment was directly proportional to the dose of potassium citrate. In most hypocitraturic patients with renal stones, potassium citrate 60 meq/day restored normal urinary citrate (greater than 320 mg/day).
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Pak CY,Skurla C,Brinkley L,Sakhaee Kdoi
10.1002/j.1552-4604.1984.tb01809.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-01-01 00:00:00pages
19-26issue
1eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A selective thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor blocking agent, vapiprost, was orally administered to healthy male Japanese volunteers to investigate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The time-profile of vapiprost concentration in plasma was determined and the effects of the drug on platelet aggregation i...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb01917.x
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few treatments for human diseases have received as much investigation in the past 20 years as probiotics. In 2017, English-language meta-analyses totaling 52 studies determined the effect of probiotics on conditions ranging from necrotizing enterocolitis and colic in infants to constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, ...
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many industrialized nations, the elderly comprise the fastest growing subpopulation and constitute an increasing proportion of the total population compared to other age groups. The elderly use a disproportionately larger amount of health care resources since they experience a higher incidence of disease-related mo...
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb03695.x
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of potent CYP2D6 inhibition byparoxetine on atomoxetine disposition in extensive metabolizers. This was a single-blind, two-period, sequential studyin 22 healthy individuals. In period 1, 20 mg atomoxetine bid was administered to steady state. In period 2, 20 mg...
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abstract::Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has become standard clinical practice for gentamicin, amikacin, and vancomycin to optimize efficacy and reduce toxicity. TDM after the first dose of antibiotic was adopted in our institution. This study aims to evaluate if target therapeutic drug concentrations could be achieved more ...
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electrocardiographic (ECG) effects of rivastigmine treatment were assessed in mild to moderately severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) by analysis of four 26-week, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled, phase III clinical trials. Of an initial 2791 patients, 77% completed treatment. Seventy-one percent required ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mechanistic drug-disease model was developed on the basis of a previously published integrated glucose-insulin model by Jauslin et al. A glucokinase activator was used as a test compound to evaluate the model's ability to identify a drug's mechanism of action and estimate its effects on glucose and insulin profiles ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a considerable revolution in the field of hypertension therapy. We have gone through an era in which patients with severe hypertension and those with accelerated hypertension had a very short life expectancy. Currently blood pressure can be readily controlled with a marked improvement in longevity. We h...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1993.tb03957.x
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A double-blind controlled trial was carried out to compare the effects of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), and placebo on cholesterol and triglyceride levels in patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemias. The dose of both bile acids was four 150-mg capsules day. Total serum cholesterol le...
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更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
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abstract::Argatroban, a direct thrombin inhibitor, is metabolized in vitro by CYP3A4/5 and therefore may be susceptible to clinically relevant CYP3A drug interactions. The effect of erythromycin, a potent CYP3A4/5 inhibitor, on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of argatroban was evaluated in 14 healthy male volunteers i...
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abstract::Effective antiretroviral (ARV)-based HIV prevention strategies require optimizing drug exposure in mucosal tissues; yet factors influencing mucosal tissue disposition remain unknown. We hypothesized drug transporter expression in vaginal, cervical, and colorectal tissues is a contributing factor and selected 3 efflux ...
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abstract::Health-related quality of life in people with intellectual disabilities can be affected by challenging behaviors and side effects of antipsychotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of discontinuation antipsychotic drugs on health-related quality of life, including data from 2 discontinuation trials: a...
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enalapril maleate (MK-421) is a new non-sulfhydryl-containing converting-enzyme inhibitor that has been shown to be effective and well tolerated in patients with essential hypertension. Data on its effectiveness and safety in patients with renovascular hypertension are limited and have involved predominantly short-ter...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1993.tb03915.x
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has affected a great number of pregnant women worldwide. Artemisia extracts have been found to exhibit a potent antidiabetic effect in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to examine the effects of Artemisia extract on insulin resistance and lipid profiles in pregnant...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::A general objective of drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies is to determine whether potential interactions of new molecular entities with concomitantly administered other drugs exist and, if DDIs occur, whether dosage adjustments are required. A typical end point for DDI evaluations is the ratio of area under the plasm...
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