Abstract:
:High-field (500 MHz) proton NMR has been used to elucidate the primary and secondary structures of glycosphingolipids (GSLs). Using 2-D J-correlated spectroscopy (2-D SECSY) which establishes scalar couplings of protons, the monosaccharide composition, anomeric configuration and aglycon structures of a GSL can be established. 2-D nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (2-D NOE) then establishes through-space intra- and inter-residue couplings of cross-relaxing protons. We have found that each anomeric proton is involved in NOE couplings with inter- and intra-residue protons. The inter-residue coupling, resulting from interaction of protons across the glycosidic linkage, establishes the n-1 sugar residue and specific glycosidation site to which the n-residue is linked. When such information is known for each residue and is combined, the sequence of the core oligosaccharide is obtained. The sialylation-induced glycosidation shift is then used to establish the site of sialic acid residue attachment in a ganglioside molecule. We have also observed that the anomeric proton inter-residue NOE couplings can be used to suggest the preferred conformation of an oligosaccharide. We have found that the oligosaccharide residue of globoside exists in a unique and rather rigid conformation which could be stabilized by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. Since GSLs are known to have a receptor role and are implicated in cell-cell recognition, enzyme-substrate interaction and antigen-antibody interaction, the determination of their conformation should be useful in understanding their biological functions.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Yu RK,Koerner TA Jr,Demou PC,Scarsdale JN,Prestegard JHdoi
10.1007/978-1-4684-1200-0_8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-01-01 00:00:00pages
87-102eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
174pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Circular RNAs characterize a class of widespread and diverse endogenous RNAs which are non-coding RNAs that are made by back-splicing events and have covalently closed loops with no polyadenylated tails. Various indications specify that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are plentiful in the human transcriptome. However, their ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1426-1_8
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) is a powerful approach for high-throughput quantitative proteomics. SILAC allows highly accurate protein quantitation through metabolic encoding of whole cell proteomes using stable isotope labeled amino acids. Since its introduction in 2002, SILAC has bec...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06068-2_5
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of adenosine and its derivatives on binding of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor ligands with homogenates of rat vas deferens were examined. Adenosine and 2-chloradenosine increased the amount of [3H]clonidine binding. ATP had a slight effect, but AMP and adenine had none. The effect of adenosine was inhibited b...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4805-4_11
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide (NO) regulates normal vasomotor tone and modulates important homeostatic functions such as thrombosis, cellular proliferation, and adhesion molecule expression. Recent data implicate a critical function for hemoglobin and the erythrocyte in regulating the bioavailability of NO in the vascular compartment....
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-0-387-34817-9_17
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During hematopoiesis, a variety of cells are generated from stem cells through successive rounds of cell fate determination processes. Studies in the last two decades have demonstrated the involvement of Runx transcription factor family members in differentiation of multiple types of hematopoietic cells. Along with ev...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3233-2_24
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane potential imaging using voltage-sensitive dyes can be combined with other optical techniques for a variety of applications. Combining voltage imaging with Ca2+ imaging allows correlating membrane potential changes with intracellular Ca2+ signals or with Ca2+ currents. Combining voltage imaging with uncaging t...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17641-3_4
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Challenging environment of space causes several pivotal alterations in living systems, especially due to microgravity. The possibility of simulating microgravity by ground-based systems provides research opportunities that may lead to the understanding of in vitro biological effects of microgravity by eliminating the ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/5584_2020_539
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The term cardiovascular diseases (CVD) refers to disorders of heart and blood vessels, and include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, and heart failure, among others. Atherosclerosis is a common background of these diseases. It is not infrequent that some acute diseases, such...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-21735-8_5
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electrical signals resulting from phototransduction are decomposed by bipolar cells and then encoded into spike trains by ganglion cells. The signal decomposition by bipolar cells includes formation of ON and OFF pathways and separation of tonic and phasic signals. The decomposition is accomplished by post-synapti...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0121-3_29
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is an intracellular degradation and recycling machinery by which cellular materials are delivered to the lysosome for disposal. Beyond lysosomal degradation, autophagy genes play additional roles in secretion and membrane-trafficking pathways. Ranging from cell-intrinsic and cell-type-specific regulation of ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0606-2_10
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fatty acid oxidation increases in response to exercise, but at high intensities the contribution of fatty acid oxidation to energy production decreases. The carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) complex appears to be a plausible site of regulation of fatty acid oxidation at rest and during exercise. Muscle malonyl-CoA...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1928-1_22
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was performed in order to study the development of sinusoidal blood flow heterogeneity during stepwise bleeding and during prolonged hemorrhagic hypotension. Two methods have been applied: Hepatic surface oxygen tension was measured by a multi-gold-wire-cathode. Sinusoidal perfusion patterns were dem...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-8181-5_79
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have reviewed the biologic characteristics, immune responses, and diverse array of diseases occurring from Epstein-Barr virus infections in immune deficient patients. We have summarized possible roles of the virus in the risk groups for AIDS. Data is convincing that EBV is responsible for some of the cases of lymph...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9430-7_5
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The compressive mechanical properties of freeze-dried green beans show a pronounced decrease in rigidity when moisture content and/or temperature are increased. There exist several temperature and moisture combinations which give common values for mechanical properties. These combinations also give a common compressiv...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0664-9_40
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The success rate of novel medical entities that are submitted for registration by the regulatory agencies and followed successful marketing has been stagnating for the past decade. Failure in efficacy and safety continue to be the prime hurdles and causes of failure. Translational medicine is a new function within the...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1132-2_1
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Model organisms are widely used in research that is ultimately aimed at understanding the causes and consequences of human disease. It may seem counterintuitive to expect clinically useful information to be obtained from species as diverse as fishes and insects, but because fundamental biological mechanisms share evol...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-62414-3_9
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A community is an important attribute of networking, since people who join networks tend to join communities. Community detection is used to identify and understand the structure and organization of real-world networks, thus, it has become a problem of considerable interest. The study of communities is highly related ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56246-9_16
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Observation of a markedly depressed HDL-cholesterol (5 mg/dL) in a patient with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) receiving probucol (1 g/day) and clofibrate (2 g/day) prompted a review of all cases treated by this combination at our lipid clinic. Hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HDL-C less than 15 mg/dL) developed in 19 of...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1262-8_11
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pericytes (PCs) are specialized cells located abluminal of endothelial cells (ECs) on capillaries, embedded within the same basement membrane. They are essential regulators of vascular development, remodeling, and blood-retina-barrier (BRB) tightness and are therefore important components to maintain tissue homeostasi...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11093-2_1
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our new method is comparable to the standard, "open-end" tonometer system and incorporates all its abilities to monitor oxygen tension and perfusion. The new device has the advantage of being completely sealed, providing a true, continuous direct measurement over several days, with freedom of movement for the patient ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9510-6_31
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The glucose metabolism in human polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes was stimulated by latex particles, zymosan particles, gamma-G globulin and formylmet-leu-phe (FMLP) peptide. Maximum stimulation occurred when zymosan particles in amounts above 0.25 mg/ml per 4 X 10(6) leukocytes were used. Latex particles, gamma-G gl...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-8088-7_37
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria are independent double-membrane organelles responsible for energy production, specifically by completing oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria are essential to regulate energy metabolism, signaling pathways, and cell death. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can be altered by metabolic disorders, oxidative stres...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-10-6674-0_6
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There was great individual variation in the elevations of serum cholesterol concentrations in a Wistar strain of rats by the ingestion of a large amount of cholesterol, although their cholesterol concentrations were almost identical while under the feeding of a regular stock diet. Their serum total phospholipid and de...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4618-7_16
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol drinking increases the risk for a number of cancers. Currently, the highest risk (Group 1) concerns oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, liver, colorectum, and female breast, as assessed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Alcohol and other beverage constituents, their metabolic effe...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-09614-8_3
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extracellular calcium ([Formula: see text])-sensing receptor (CaSR) was the first GPCR identified whose principal physiological ligand is an ion, namely extracellular Ca(2+). It maintains the near constancy of [Formula: see text] that complex organisms require to ensure normal cellular function. A wealth of inform...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2888-2_5
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of helminths within a host can only increase by the host encountering additional infectious stages, so it is important to consider not only whether a host is infected, but also the severity of its infection. Stochastic models consider explicitly the number of parasites within the host and treat infection, d...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6064-1_5
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors are cytosoluble proteins detectable in a variety of tissues responsive to 1,25(OH)2D3. They are DNA binding-proteins analogous to other steroid receptors and it is this functional property which is likely involved in the activation of hormone-sensitive genes. Utilizing 1,25(OH)2D3 an...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5101-6_25
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary taurine supplementation on plasma and liver lipid content in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, one that was OVX and the other sham operated (Sham). They were further divided into either control or...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-0-387-75681-3_40
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excessive consumption of alcohol is a leading cause of lifestyle-induced morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although long-term alcohol abuse has been shown to be detrimental to the liver, brain and many other organs, our understanding of the exact molecular mechanisms by which this occurs is still limited. In tissues,...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-98788-0_14
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two types of proteasomes with apparent sedimentation coefficients of 20S and 26S consist of a number of heterogeneous polypeptides and are unusually large protein complexes of approximately 750 kDa and 2000 kDa, respectively. The 26S proteasome is a cylindrical caterpillar-shaped complex with a symmetrical assembl...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0335-0_23
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00