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Investigating neurological deficits in carriers and affected patients with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Urea cycle disorders are caused by dysfunction in any of the six enzymes and two transport proteins involved in urea biosynthesis. Our study focuses on ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD), an X-linked disorder that results in a dysfunctional mitochondrial enzyme, which prevents the synthesis of citrulline from carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine. This enzyme deficiency can lead to hyperammonemic episodes and severe cerebral edema. The objective of this study was to use a cognitive battery to expose the cognitive deficits in asymptomatic carriers of OTCD. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In total, 81 participants were recruited as part of a larger urea cycle disorder imaging consortium study. There were 25 symptomatic participants (18 female, 7 male, 25.6 year s ± 12.72 years), 20 asymptomatic participants (20 female, 0 male, 37.6 years ± 15.19 years), and 36 healthy control participants (21 female, 15 male, 29.8 years ± 13.39 years). All participants gave informed consent to participate and were then given neurocognitive batteries with standard scores and T scores recorded. RESULTS:When stratified by symptomatic participant, asymptomatic carrier, and control, the results showed significant differences in measures of executive function (e.g. CTMT and Stroop) and motor ability (Purdue Assembly) between all groups tested. Simple attention, academic measures, language and non-verbal motor abilities showed no significant differences between asymptomatic carriers and control participants, however, there were significant differences between symptomatic and control participant performance in these measures. CONCLUSIONS:In our study, asymptomatic carriers of OTCD showed no significant differences in cognitive function compared to control participants until they were cognitively challenged with fine motor tasks, measures of executive function, and measures of cognitive flexibility. This suggests that cognitive dysfunction is best measurable in asymptomatic carriers after they are cognitively challenged.

journal_name

Mol Genet Metab

journal_title

Molecular genetics and metabolism

authors

Sprouse C,King J,Helman G,Pacheco-Colón I,Shattuck K,Breeden A,Seltzer R,VanMeter JW,Gropman AL

doi

10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.05.007

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-09-01 00:00:00

pages

136-41

issue

1-2

eissn

1096-7192

issn

1096-7206

pii

S1096-7192(14)00161-9

journal_volume

113

pub_type

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