Abstract：
:Plasma concentrations of caffeine and theophylline were simultaneously determined in 17 preterm infants after oral administration of aminophylline for treatment of apnoea. The ratio of caffeine/theophylline concentration in plasma increased during the first 2 weeks of treatment, owing to the longer time required for caffeine than for theophylline to reach steady state. The caffeine/theophylline ratio at steady state was 0.57 +/- 0.03 (mean +/- SE). Thus, caffeine contributed significantly to the total methylxanthine load in the infants. The plasma clearance of theophylline was calculated from the plasma steady state concentrations. In 3 preterm infants treated with oral aminophylline, repeated sampling showed an approximately linear increase in clearance with time from 16.8 +/- 0.4 (mean +/- SE) at a postnatal age of 6-11 days to 30.9 +/- 2.5 ml/kg/h at 64-69 days. In 1 full-term infant treated with oral theophylline from 3.5 to 11.5 months of age, the plasma clearance of theophylline increased in a roughly linear manner, reaching a plateau of about 100 ml/kg/h at 6-7 months of age. This corresponds to the clearance found in 1-4 year old infants.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Lönnerholm G,Lindström B,Paalzow L,Sedin Gdoi
10.1007/BF00610057subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-01-01 00:00:00pages
371-4issue
3eissn
0031-6970issn
1432-1041journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We have studied 16 healthy men to evaluate preliminary pharmacodynamics and kinetics of BW443C given by i.v. infusions. Four volunteers received escalating doses at weekly intervals, starting at 0.1 microgram.kg-1 for 60 min and increasing to a maximum of 2.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 for 180 min. Subsequently 12 differen...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01061420
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of 3H-16-epi-gitoxin have been investigated after oral administration: The peak serum level occurred after 30-60 min, and its subsequent decline was in two phases with half-lives of 3.5 and 19.5 h, respectively. Within 3 days 66-70% of the administered radioactivity were eliminated by renal excret...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00562938
更新日期：1977-07-19 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the risk factors for noncompliance in elderly home-care recipients; and to evaluate to what extent regular home visits and drug counseling by a pharmacist contribute to compliance. SUBJECTS:One hundred and sixty-three elderly home-care recipients aged 62 years and over took part in this study...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050609
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate statin use in the elderly by age (≥ 80 vs. 65-79 years) in relation to established indications. METHODS:A population-based cohort, including data from four registers, encompassing inhabitants in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden, was used. Statin users were defined as those filling statin prescript...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-019-02645-w
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSES:Tacrolimus (TAC) is the most widely used immunosuppressant for the prevention of acute rejection after solid organ transplantation. Its pharmacokinetics (PK) show considerable variability, making TAC a good candidate for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The principal aim of the study was to describe the PK o...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-013-1501-0
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the variability of coumarin 7- and 3-hydroxylation in a human population and to evaluate the evidence for the existence of genetic polymorphism in these pathways. 7-Hydroxylation of coumarin is considered to be a detoxication pathway, whilst 3-hydroxylation, which predominates in rats, leads to h...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050489
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Higher drug concentrations in complex clinical scenarios in which multiple factors such as drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and comorbidities are simultaneously present are not necessarily rationalized in prospective clinical studies. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling and simulation of the anti...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-020-02861-9
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding equilibria of warfarin and phenprocoumon with defatted human serum albumin were studied by equilibrium dialysis in 33 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, 37 degrees C. The binding isotherms for both ligands were consistent with binding to two similar and independent sites in the albumin molecule. The bindi...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00315474
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the main comedications associated with major bleeding during anticoagulant therapy with coumarins in a non-selected population under everyday circumstances. METHODS:The study population for this retrospective cohort study included all new users of phenprocoumon or acenocoumarol aged 40-80 years, dur...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-005-0947-0
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Jejunal perfusion was performed in 12 healthy volunteers to evaluate the dose dependent effects of loperamide on intestinal absorption, stimulated secretion and transit. In 6 volunteers intestinal perfusion of the jejunal segment with isotonic NaCl solution was followed by addition of loperamide in increasing doses (2...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00315436
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of short-term lithium (Li) administration on alpha 2-adrenoceptor sensitivity was studied in 10 healthy volunteers and in 15 patients with normothymic, phasic depressive disorders. The GH-clonidine test was used to examine alpha 2-adrenoceptor sensitivity, administered before and after Li treatment (600 mg...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00637595
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of ciprofloxacin on the pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine. METHODS. In a double-blind, randomised, cross-over study, nine healthy volunteers were treated for 2.5 days with 500 mg oral ciprofloxacin or placebo twice daily. On day 3, they received a single dose of 0.6 mg/kg ropivacaine intrav...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00228-002-0540-8
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Drug-induced immune thrombocytopaenia is a rare, serious condition that can be triggered by numerous medications. To characterize the spectrum of drugs associated with immune thrombocytopaenia (ITP) in the Berlin Case-Control Surveillance Study (FAKOS). METHODS:Adult hospitalized patients with new onset idiopa...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s00228-011-1184-3
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) and food ingestion on superior mesenteric artery impedance was investigated in 24 healthy volunteers (age 40 +/- 2.7 years). Superior mesenteric artery circulation was assessed by duplex ultrasound. Pulsatility index (PI) was considered as a parameter of vascular resistance...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00196852
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A single dose of 60 mg trimetazidine (the normal daily dose) improved exercise capacity in angina pectoris, as reflected by an increase in the duration of exercise, total work performed, and improvement in ECG signs of ischaemia. All these effects occurred without any detectable chronotropic or vasomotor effect. The i...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00544569
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diabetogenic effect of deflazacort (DF), an oxazolinic synthetic corticosteroid, was studied in 12 healthy adult subjects with a positive family history of diabetes mellitus. Three oral glucose tests (oGTT) were performed at 9.00 a.m., after a 12 h fast, following randomized administration of Placebo (PL), or Defl...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00542555
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We sought to quantify the influence of the CYP3A inhibitor erythromycin on the pharmacokinetics of everolimus, a CYP3A substrate. METHODS:This was a two-period, single-sequence, crossover study in 16 healthy subjects. In period 1, subjects received the reference treatment of a single 2-mg dose of everolimus....
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-004-0866-5
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Case report of a pharmacokinetic interaction between diltiazem and nortriptyline. METHODS:Determination of plasma nortriptyline concentrations by HPLC. Calculation of nortriptyline clearances and half-life by formulae used routinely in therapeutic drug monitoring. RESULTS:The average plasma concentration of...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00203789
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Verapamil, 0.1 mg/kg body wt, was injected i.v. over 2 minutes in 8 subjectively healthy middle-aged men, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.007 mg/kg body wt per minute. Prior to the injection several of the subjects had raised pulmonary or systemic arterial pressures. At rest, the central pressures increased sli...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00562656
更新日期：1975-06-13 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE/METHODS:The metabolism of chloramphenicol succinate (CAPS) by human bone marrow was studied in vitro using 75 marrow samples. Whole marrow samples were incubated with CAPS with or without reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate for 1, 2 and 3 h at 37 degrees C. Ficoll-paque-separated marrow mononu...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280000143
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Troglitazone is an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma), which has been shown to improve the metabolic control of type 2 diabetes. Troglitazone undergoes hepatic metabolism to an inactive sulphate conjugate and an oxidative quinone metabolite with minor activity. The ob...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050514
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amitriptyline has clinically important interactions with ethanol. Five healthy volunteers received 25 mg of amitriptyline orally, preceded by one hour and followed for eight hours by oral ethanol (or juice), dosed to achieve and maintain blood ethanol concentrations of 800 mg/l. In the presence of ethanol, amitriptyli...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01037943
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of laboratory screening in Phase I is to exclude subjects with subclinical illness, who might be at increased risk in the study, and who might also adversely influence interpretation of the results. A new method for laboratory screening, based on Bayesian probability theory, is proposed, which consists of: 1. ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00280939
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacodynamic effects of torasemide, a new potent loop diuretic, were compared with those of furosemide in a double blind controlled study in 18 hypertensive patients with oedema of various origins. Given orally for 5 days, torasemide was clinically very effective and well tolerated. On a weight basis, the diure...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00541464
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atenolol 100 mg and penbutolol 40 mg given once a day were both effective in controlling moderate hypertension, as judged by a randomised controlled, double-blind trial in 45 patients treated for six weeks. Both drugs significantly reduced the resting supine and erect blood pressures. No serious adverse effects could ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00637507
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bioavailability of four preparations containing dihydrotachysterol (DHT2) was tested in two separate trials with administration of single, oral doses of 1 mg per individual. The relative bioavailability of corresponding preparations (capsules vs capsules and oral solution vs oral solution) was tested in a randomis...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00193484
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aims of the present analysis were to determine prevalence of transaminase elevation in placebo-treated healthy volunteers in our historical phase I clinical trials and to assess which factors were associated with it. METHODS:We performed a retrospective analysis of alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in 481 ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-009-0684-x
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Red cell folate concentrations were determined in 74 epileptic women in early pregnancy in a prospective study. All patients were treated continuously with antiepileptic drugs since before conception. The most frequently used drugs were carbamazepine (n = 39) and phenytoin (n = 26). Sixty-four patients (86%) were on m...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00198317
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentration of chlorpromazine (CPZ) in hair was measured to demonstrate its value as an index of individual dosage history and compliance. An animal study using pigmented rats was conducted to confirm the dose-dependent accumulation of CPZ in hair. The concentration of CPZ in hair, newly regrown on a denuded are...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00315540
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Danish retail pharmacies' drug subsidy system is completely computerized. The data are person-identifiable, making it possible to chart the population's drug use from the perspective of individual users. We decided to explore the potential of this data source and to analyse heavy drug users specifically. The analy...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00191170
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
