Causes of death in long-term survivors of head and neck cancer.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Survivors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) face excess mortality from multiple causes. METHODS:We used the population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry data to evaluate the causes of death in patients with nonmetastatic HNSCC diagnosed between 1992 and 2005 who survived at least 3 years from diagnosis (long-term survivors). We used competing-risks proportional hazards regression to estimate probabilities of death from causes: HNSCC, second primary malignancy (SPM) excluding HNSCC, cardiovascular disease, and other causes. RESULTS:We identified 35,958 three-year survivors of HNSCC with a median age at diagnosis of 60 years (range = 18-100 years) and a median follow-up of 7.7 years (range = 3-18 years). There were 13,120 deaths during the study period. Death from any cause at 5 and 10 years was 15.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 15.0%-15.8%) and 41.0% (95% CI = 40.4%-41.6%), respectively. There were 3852 HNSCC deaths including both primary and subsequent head and neck tumors. The risk of death from HNSCC was greater in patients with nasopharynx or hypopharynx cancer and in patients with locally advanced disease. SPM was the leading cause of non-HNSCC death, and the most common sites of SPM death were lung (53%), esophagus (10%), and colorectal (5%) cancer. CONCLUSIONS:Many long-term HNSCC survivors die from cancers other than HNSCC and from noncancer causes. Routine follow-up care for HNSCC survivors should expand beyond surveillance for recurrent and new head and neck cancers.

journal_name

Cancer

journal_title

Cancer

authors

Baxi SS,Pinheiro LC,Patil SM,Pfister DG,Oeffinger KC,Elkin EB

doi

10.1002/cncr.28588

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-05-15 00:00:00

pages

1507-13

issue

10

eissn

0008-543X

issn

1097-0142

journal_volume

120

pub_type

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