Effect of subarachnoid hemorrhage on the extracellular microenvironment.

Abstract:

:Local experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was produced over the cerebral cortex in 15 cats. The cellular response was monitored using ion-specific electrodes for extracellular potassium (K+) and calcium (Ca++) activity, DC cortical potential, and electrocorticogram. The response was characterized by a profound cellular depolarization and extracellular calcium (Ca++) depletion which accompanied extracellular potassium (K+) accumulation. The prehemorrhage baseline calcium levels measured 1.14 +/- 0.11 mM, and were lowered to 0.4 to 0.7 mM/liter in different experiments. The K+ accumulation reached levels between 16 and 31 mM from a baseline of 3.17 +/- 0.52 mM and were cleared to normal or nearly normal within 5 minutes. The Ca++ levels also returned to normal within 5 minutes, but remained depressed for the duration of the experiment in two animals. These results confirm that blood extravasated into the subarachnoid space had a direct effect on parenchymal elements. The combination of transient K+ elevations and calcium depression may play an important role in the development of vascular spasm by inducing or facilitating a contraction in the muscular layer in the wall of major intracranial vessels.

journal_name

J Neurosurg

journal_title

Journal of neurosurgery

authors

Hubschmann OR,Kornhauser D

doi

10.3171/jns.1982.56.2.0216

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1982-02-01 00:00:00

pages

216-21

issue

2

eissn

0022-3085

issn

1933-0693

journal_volume

56

pub_type

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