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TGF-β-dependent induction of CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺ Tregs by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND & AIMS:CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) have a profound ability to control immune responses. We have previously shown that the liver is a major source of peripherally induced Tregs. Here, we investigate the liver cell types and molecular mechanisms responsible for hepatic Treg induction. METHODS:To assess the Treg-inducing potential of liver resident antigen-presenting cell types, we studied the conversion of Foxp3(-) non-Tregs into Foxp3(+) Tregs induced by liver dendritic cells (DCs), liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), or Kupffer cells (KCs). The dependency of Treg induction on TGF-β was tested in Treg conversion assays using T cells with reduced TGF-β sensitivity. The suppressive potential of liver cell-induced Tregs was assessed by an in vitro suppression assay and in vivo, in the model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). RESULTS:All tested liver cell types were capable of inducing Foxp3(+) Tregs; however, LSECs were most efficient in inducing Tregs. Treg-induction was antigen-specific and depended on TGF-β. LSECs featured membrane-bound LAP/TGF-β and the anchor molecule GARP, which is required for tethering LAP/TGF-β to the cell membrane. LSEC-induced Tregs suppressed proliferation and cytokine secretion of effector T cells in vitro. LSEC-induced Tregs were also functional suppressors in vivo, as neuroantigen-specific Tregs induced by LSECs were able to suppress EAE. CONCLUSIONS:We demonstrate that LSECs are the major liver cell type responsible for TGF-β dependent hepatic Treg induction. The extraordinary capacity of LSECs to induce Tregs was associated with their unique ability to tether TGF-β to their membrane.

journal_name

J Hepatol

journal_title

Journal of hepatology

authors

Carambia A,Freund B,Schwinge D,Heine M,Laschtowitz A,Huber S,Wraith DC,Korn T,Schramm C,Lohse AW,Heeren J,Herkel J

doi

10.1016/j.jhep.2014.04.027

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-09-01 00:00:00

pages

594-9

issue

3

eissn

0168-8278

issn

1600-0641

pii

S0168-8278(14)00290-6

journal_volume

61

pub_type

杂志文章

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