Abstract:
:The shape and function of the cranium and face at birth are the end-products of complex and poorly understood developmental processes. In this article I will attempt first to review normal craniofacial development, believing that this basic information is essential to the understanding of abnormal development. I will then review a scheme of classification of anomalies based on etiologic considerations, illustrating each etiologic factor with conditions encountered in practice. Genetic principles in the etiology of craniofacial anomalies will be emphasized. Because of space constraints, no attempt will be made to catalogue syndromes of craniofacial anomalies. The reader is referred to standard reference texts for such comprehensive listings.
journal_name
Otolaryngol Clin North Amjournal_title
Otolaryngologic clinics of North Americaauthors
Kaye CIsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-11-01 00:00:00pages
827-64issue
4eissn
0030-6665issn
1557-8259journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Laryngeal inflammation includes a broad spectrum of pathologies, from infectious processes that need to be managed as airway emergencies, to indolent diseases that mimic head and neck cancer. The importance of a thorough history cannot be emphasized enough as it is the most important step toward developing a different...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2007.11.012
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Computerized physician-order entry (CPOE) is a system of hardware and software through which a physician enters orders directly into a computer rather than writing them on paper. The advantages of CPOE include order legibility, improved response time, reduction in adverse drug reactions, reduced cost of care, and impr...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(02)00088-9
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minimally invasive procedures including neurotoxins, dermal fillers, deoxycholic acid, lasers, peels, and microneedling offer powerful, less permanent adjuncts to surgery that are highly effective in select patients. Injectables and skin resurfacing techniques target facial irregularities including wrinkles and fine l...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2019.02.013
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anatomy and physiology of the act of swallowing is complex. Because the swallowing mechanism matures with age, it is important to understand this maturation process from neonate to older child to appreciate the impact of this changing physiology on pediatric swallowing disorders. This article reviews the relevant ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(05)70060-8
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The historical context for quality improvement is provided. Important differences are described between the two overarching types of databases: clinical registries and administrative databases. The pros and cons of each are provided as are examples of their utilization in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2018.08.004
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temporal arteritis is generally a benign and self-limiting disease, which has been recognized for approximately 50 years. Although it has been uncommon, it is becoming increasingly prevalent among elderly individuals. Its major complication involves loss of vision, and approximately 50 per cent of all untreated patien...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article provides an overview of nonsurgical and nonpharmacologic treatments for oropharyngeal dysphagia. The speech-language pathologist (SLP) is the primary member of the swallowing management team who will provide this type of dysphagia management. The primary focus of the SLP for dysphagia management is first ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2013.08.003
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A laryngeal fracture should be suspected when there is hemoptysis and subcutaneous emphysema following blunt injury to the neck. Computed tomography of the neck should be used to define the extent of the injury. Cervical vertebral fractures and dislocations, perforation of the pharynx and esophagus, and vascular injur...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, various imaging modalities are discussed for evaluation of parotid disease, from congenital to inflammatory to neoplastic etiologies. Key imaging characteristics are outlined using case examples. Introduction to biological imaging is highlighted. Additionally, image-guided biopsy techniques are illust...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2015.10.003
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is evident from the foregoing that the evaluation of such a common complaint as nasal obstruction can be extremely complex. If a thorough history and examination are undertaken, however, only a small number of these investigations (if any) may be required. In each individual, it is always worth considering possible...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the presence of a real or potential cervical spine injury limits the options for emergency airway management, many choices still remain. The otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeon frequently is called on to treat patients with airway emergencies; therefore, familiarity with the risk of spinal cord damage and ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article provides a concise review of contemporary options for evaluating voice disorders. Focus is given to patient history and patient-derived voice handicap and quality of life assessments, clinician-derived perceptual analysis of voice, and finally flexible and rigid, high-definition laryngoscopy with videostr...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2019.03.002
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The significant incidence of atopy associated with otitis media with effusion (OME) has suggested a role of allergy in the pathogenesis of OME. Analysis of inflammatory mediators indicates that the mucosa of the middle ear can respond to antigen in the same way as does the mucosa of the lower respiratory tract. Recent...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2007.11.004
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lateral rhinotomy and medial maxillectomy have evolved in the last 25 years as the treatment of choice for most neoplastic lesions involving the lateral nasal wall. Technical refinements have allowed this procedure to be performed with acceptable and minimal morbidity. This approach has had its widest application in t...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of nodal metastasis in differentiated thyroid cancer ranges between 40% to 75%. Elective neck dissection is generally not advised in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer; however, if clinically apparent nodal disease is noted in the tracheoesophageal groove during surgery, central compartment clea...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(05)70090-6
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neoplasms of the nasopharynx are rare in children, but they threaten the child's life when they do occur. The nasopharynx tends to harbor dysontogenetic neoplasms. After classification into benign and malignant groups, nasopharyngeal neoplasms in children can be further characterized according to the age of the patien...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bell palsy and traumatic facial nerve injury are two common causes of acute facial palsy. Most patients with Bell palsy recover favorably with medical therapy alone. However, those with complete paralysis (House-Brackmann 6/6), greater than 90% degeneration on electroneurography, and absent electromyography activity m...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2018.07.005
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retrosigmoid technique has evolved from the traditional suboccipital operation and, when combined with removal of the posterior wall of the internal auditory canal, affords a wide exposure of the cerebellopontine angle. This approach may be used for acoustic neuromas of all sizes, from intracanalicular to more tha...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A detailed and comprehensive discussion of transcanal endoscopic management of cholesteatoma is presented. After a presentation of the anatomy of the area, the rationale, advantages and limitations, technique, and long-term results of each technique are presented. A case presentation follows each technique. Techniques...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2012.10.001
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The following are our conclusions in regard to glycerol test interpretation based on 60 valve implants: Negative Tests 1. A negative glycerol test result and no audiometric evidence of significant hearing fluctuations indicate that a patient is unlikely to have postoperative hearing that is better than his best preope...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Audiometric evaluation in conjunction with other components of the hearing conservation program serves to minimize the potential hazard of noise related hearing loss. Success of the industrial hearing conservation program rests in large measure with the implementation of competent audiometric testing procedures. Thus,...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Craniofacial disassembly now plays a major role in the management of tumors that invade the skull base. The chief advantage of this technique is the greatly improved operative exposure it provides, allowing the surgeon to resect such tumors more completely and with an added margin of safety. Microneurosurgical advance...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early identification of hearing loss and rapid rehabilitative intervention are the two key elements that will give an infant the best chance to develop normal speech and allow the family members to make appropriate adjustments that will enhance communication in the home environment. Hearing loss in an infant may be on...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(05)70192-4
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The standard treatment for patients with advanced laryngeal cancer remains total laryngectomy. Radiotherapy as a primary treatment modality is a reasonable alternative. Surgical salvage by total laryngectomy is an important part of the treatment plan when irradiation is used primarily to treat advanced laryngeal cance...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meniere disease is one of the most fascinating and most vexing of all clinical conditions encountered by the otolaryngologist. Operationally speaking, a Meniere ear is a fragile ear. In fact, Meniere disease can and should be redefined as a degenerating inner ear that has impairment of one or more homeostatic systems,...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2010.05.003
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endoscopic approach to stapes surgery affords unique advantages but is not without its specific challenges. The following reviews the equipment and surgical steps required to perform endoscopic stapes surgery safely and effectively, highlighting tips and potential points of failure through a series of case example...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2020.09.015
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polysomnography provides information on the physiological changes occurring in many different organ systems in relation to sleep stages and wakefulness. It allows qualitative and quantitative documentation of abnormalities of sleep and wakefulness, of sleep-wake transition, and of physiological function of other organ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2007.04.003
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The best management of advanced head and neck tumors invading the carotid artery utilizes a collaborative, anticipatory approach. Preoperative characterization of the anatomy and extent of tumor involvement, coupled with the physiologic assessment of the cerebrovascular circulation through the variety of adjunctive st...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The most common primary tumors of the frontal sinus are osteomas and inverted papillomas, although a variety of other tumors involving this space have been reported. With the advent of new surgical techniques and instrumentation, an endoscopic approach to this region has become feasible. The preoperative assessment an...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2016.03.026
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Telemedicine or the electronic transmission of medical data has become an even more important part of medical practice with developing technology. How to best use this technology to enhance and empower both physician and patient is the challenge. What is there, what is coming, and thoughts regarding how otolaryngologi...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(05)70051-7
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00