Antidromic latency of magnocellular, parvocellular, and koniocellular (Blue-ON) geniculocortical relay cells in marmosets.

abstract：:Ultrastructural examination of photoreceptor inner segment ellipsoids in larval (4, 8, and 15 days postfertilization; dpf) and adult zebrafish identified morphologically different types of mitochondria. All photoreceptors had mitochondria of different sizes (large and small). At 4 dpf, rods had small, moderately stain...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Tarboush R,Novales Flamarique I,Chapman GB,Connaughton VP

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been shown to influence the responses of ganglion cells in the mammalian retina. Consistently, GABA(A) receptor subunits have been localized to different ganglion cell types. In this study, the distribution of the alpha1 subunit of the GABA(A) receptor...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Macri J,Martin PR,Grünert U

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parallel processing of visual information begins at the first synapse in the retina between the photoreceptors and bipolar cells. Ten bipolar cell types have been previously described in the primate retina: one rod and nine cone bipolar types. In this paper, we describe an 11th type of bipolar cell identified in Golgi...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Joo HR,Peterson BB,Haun TJ,Dacey DM

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is widely accepted that human color vision is based on two types of cone-opponent mechanism, one differencing L and M cone types (loosely termed "red-green"), and the other differencing S with the L and M cones (loosely termed "blue-yellow"). The traditional view of the early processing of human color vision sugges...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Sankeralli MJ,Mullen KT

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although excitotoxins derived from acidic amino acids are known to damage neurons in the inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers of the retina, little is known about their effects on photoreceptors. This study examines the acute and long-term effects of excitotoxins on photoreceptors of the chick retina. The zinc-iodid...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Sattayasai J,Zappia J,Ehrlich D

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Color vision impairment was examined in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) without retinopathy. We assessed the type and degree of distortions of individual color spaces. DM2 patients (n = 32), and age-matched controls (n = 20) were tested using the Farnsworth D-15 and the Lanthony D-15d tests. In addition, ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Feitosa-Santana C,Oiwa NN,Paramei GV,Bimler D,Costa MF,Lago M,Nishi M,Ventura DF

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lesion or inactivation of the superior colliculus (SC) of the cat results in an animal that fails to orient toward peripheral visual stimuli which normally evoke a brisk, reflexive orienting response. A failure to orient toward a visual stimulus could be the result of a sensory impairment (a failure to detect the visu...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Fitzmaurice MC,Ciaramitaro VM,Palmer LA,Rosenquist AC

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinae of the crab Leptograpsus which had been maintained on a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle were cultured in vitro and exposed to 1 microM okadaic acid (OKA) at 0.75 h before light onset. Control retinae were subjected to the same routine and sampled at the same times without OKA treatment. At the concentration used, O...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Blest AD,Carter M,Clausen JA,Stowe S,Trowell SC,Tsukitani Y

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monocular deprivation (MD) by lid suture is one of the classic paradigms for the study of developmental plasticity in the cerebral cortex, and we have detailed knowledge of its anatomical and physiological consequences as well as underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms. However, the effects of other forms of mani...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Jaffer S,Vorobyov V,Sengpiel F

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To gain insight into how vision guides eye movements, monkeys were trained to make a single saccade to a specified target stimulus during feature and conjunction search with stimuli discriminated by color and shape. Monkeys performed both tasks at levels well above chance. The latencies of saccades to the target in co...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Bichot NP,Schall JD

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During their complex life history, anguilliform eels go through a major metamorphosis when developing from a fresh water yellow eel into a deep-sea silver eel. In addition to major changes in body morphology, the visual system also adapts from a fresh water teleost duplex retina with rods and cones, to a specialized d...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Bowmaker JK,Semo M,Hunt DM,Jeffery G

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vision begins with photoisomerization of 11-cis retinal to the all-trans conformation within the chromophore-binding pocket of opsin, leading to activation of a biochemical cascade. Release of all-trans retinal from the binding pocket curtails but does not fully quench the ability of opsin to activate transducin. All-...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Isayama T,McCabe England SL,Crouch RK,Zimmerman AL,Makino CL

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The laminar and tangential organization of visual callosal projections of areas 17 and 18 were investigated in the adult ferret, using histochemical methods to visualize axonally transported horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Normal adult ferrets were given injections of HRP throughout one visual cortex or had gelfoam soak...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Grigonis AM,Rayos del Sol-Padua RB,Murphy EH

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Population-based studies of retinal neurons have helped to reveal their natural types in mammals and teleost fishes. In this, the first such study in a frog, labeled ganglion cells of the mesobatrachian Xenopus laevis were examined in flatmounts. Cells with large somata and thick dendrites could be divided into three ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Shamim KM,Tóth P,Cook JE

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the effects of inactivation of localized sites in area 17 on the visual responses of cells in visuotopically corresponding regions of area 18. Experiments were performed on adult normal cats. The striate cortex was inactivated by the injection of nanoliters of lidocaine hydrochloride or of gamma-a...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Casanova C,Michaud Y,Morin C,McKinley PA,Molotchnikoff S

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to evaluate the maturity of three inhibitory mechanisms (end-inhibition, side-inhibition, and cross-orientation inhibition) in the striate cortex of kittens at 4 weeks postnatal. To accomplish this, we made extracellular recordings from area 17 neurons while presenting visual stimuli co...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Green ES,DeAngelis GC,Freeman RD

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AMPA-selective glutamate receptors play a major role in glutamatergic neurotransmission in the retina and are expressed in a variety of neuronal subpopulations. In the present study, immunocytochemical techniques were used to visualize the distribution of GluR2 and GluR4 subunits in the cat retina. Results were compar...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Qin P,Pourcho RG

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neighboring retinal ganglion cells often spike synchronously, but the possible function and mechanism of this synchrony is unclear. Recently, the strength of the fast correlation between ON-OFF directionally selective cells of the rabbit retina was shown to be stimulus dependent. Here, we extend that study, investigat...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Chatterjee S,Merwine DK,Amthor FR,Grzywacz NM

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for determining whether medical device manufacturers have provided reasonable assurance, based on valid scientific evidence, that new devices are safe and effective for their intended use before they are introduced into the U.S. market. Most existing color vision d...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Drum B

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Simple reaction times (RTs) were measured to brief temporally blurred (total onset 570 ms) Gaussian isoluminant chromatic patches (s.d. 0.5 degrees) whose chromaticities lay along the cardinal chromatic axes (0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees in MBDKL color space). Bipolar adapting stimuli were emplo...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Parry NR,Murray IJ,McKeefry DJ

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By establishing an avascular, highly elastic, region within the fetal area of high acuity (AHA), the developing primate eye has created a unique substrate on which the mechanical forces of intraocular pressure (IOP) and growth-induced retinal stretch (stretch) can act. We proposed (Springer & Hendrickson, 2004b) that ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Springer AD,Hendrickson AE

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As in rabbit, gerbil, and rat, the guinea pig interstitial nucleus of the superior fasciculus, posterior bundle (INSFp) is a sparse assemblage of neurons scattered among the fibers forming the fasciculus bearing this name. Most of the INSFp neurons are small and are ovoid in shape. Interspersed among these, are a few ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Benassi C,Biral GP,Lui F,Porro CA,Corazza R

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Visually guided saccadic eye movements to singly presented stationary targets form a bimodal distribution. After superior colliculus lesions, the so called "express saccades" that form the first mode of the distribution are no longer obtained. The aim of this study was to determine what role several other neural syste...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Schiller PH,Lee K

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To explore the possible influence of defined genetic backgrounds on photoreceptor viability and function in mice carrying a targeted disruption of the rhodopsin gene, the severities of retinopathies in Rho-/- mice on C57BL/6J and 129Sv congenic backgrounds were compared by light microscopy and electroretinography and ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Humphries MM,Kiang S,McNally N,Donovan MA,Sieving PA,Bush RA,Machida S,Cotter T,Hobson A,Farrar J,Humphries P,Kenna P

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of GABA-like immunoreactivity in the pigeon visual system was studied during the first 9 days after hatching using a mouse monoclonal antibody, mAb 3A12, to glutaraldehyde linked GABA (Matute & Streit, 1986). GABA-like immunoreactivity was seen in cell bodies as well as in neuropil at the level of bot...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Bagnoli P,Fontanesi G,Streit P,Domenici L,Alesci R

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activity at night in efferent nerve fibers from a central circadian clock produces changes in photoreceptor function in the lateral compound eye of Limulus: the response to light is increased; membrane potential fluctuations (bumps) occurring in the dark are suppressed; and the duration of bumps occurring both in the ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Renninger GH,Schimmel R,Farrell CA

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of spatial vision is relatively well documented in human and nonhuman primates. However, little is known about the development of sensitivity to motion. We measured the development of sensitivity to direction of motion, and the relationship between motion and contrast sensitivity in macaque monkeys as ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Kiorpes L,Movshon JA

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arrestins participate in the termination of phototransduction in both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the visual arrestins of invertebrates and vertebrates differ significantly from one another in that the invertebrate visual arrestins become phosphorylated rapidly in response to light while those in the photo...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Battelle BA,Andrews AW,Kempler KE,Edwards SC,Smith WC

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discoloration illusion, a new visual phenomenon, is described. This phenomenon originates from the juxtaposition of eight chromatic parallel contours on a white background, creating a luminance gradient and enclosing a light red region. Under these conditions, the inner region appears white: the light red discolor...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Pinna B

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contrast adaptation occurs in both the retina and the cortex. Defining its spatial dependence is crucial for understanding its potential roles. We thus asked to what degree contrast adaptation depends on spatial frequency, including cross-adaptation. Measuring the pattern electroretinogram (PERG) and the visual evoked...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Heinrich TS,Bach M

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00