Abstract:
:In the small and large intestine Na and Cl are absorbed via active transport systems, whereas K appears to distribute passively between the lumen and the blood side of the epithelium. Three types of Na influx mechanisms across the luminal cell membrane of the epithelium may be distinguished: 1. In the gall bladder and the small intestine Na and Cl influx are coupled in an obligatory one for one fashion, hence this influx mechanism is electrically neutral. This coupled NaCl uptake process in the luminal cell membrane is inhibited by a rise in intracellular cAMP levels. 2. In the colon Na influx is not dependent on Cl influx. Due to the partition of cations and anions the Na uptake process is electrogenic, i.e. the electrical potential difference across the luminal cell membrane is decreased. This type of Na influx is blocked by the diuretic amiloride and enhanced by aldosterone. The electrogenic Na influx mechanism is also present in the ileum together with the neutral NaCl influx mechanism. Active Cl absorption in the colon is electrically neutral, most likely Cl is exchanged for HCO3 at the luminal membrane. Stimuli which increase cellular cAMP or Ca cause electrogenic Cl secretion. 3. In the ileum exists an additional Na influx mechanism which is dependent on the presence of certain sugars (glucose) or amino acids (alanine) on the luminal side of the epithelium. This process is inhibited by phlorizin. The finding of glucose-stimulated Na absorption has proven to be therapeutically useful: the rate of intestinal fluid loss can be decreased in certain forms of diarrhea by oral administration of electrolyte solutions containing glucose.
journal_name
Wien Klin Wochenschrjournal_title
Wiener klinische Wochenschriftauthors
Turnheim Ksubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-10-10 00:00:00pages
659-65issue
19eissn
0043-5325issn
1613-7671journal_volume
92pub_type
杂志文章abstract::During routine anatomical dissection we found an unusual case of origin of the right bronchial artery from a common stem with the inferior thyroid artery, which arose from the internal thoracic artery. Anatomical variations of the origin of bronchial arteries are very frequent and numerous, and their recognition may b...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In part owing to an increasing use of high resolution imaging technologies a growing number of incidental pancreatic lesions are detected. A 40-year-old patient was admitted to our hospital to undergo resection for an unclear solid pancreatic tumor in the pancreatic tail. Preoperative imaging studies suspected an inac...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-011-1543-1
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amiodarone has been shown to improve survival in patients with impaired left ventricular function and ventricular trachyarrhythmias. The clinical applicability, however, is limited by numerous often serious adverse effects. 70 patients receiving the treatment with amiodarone for ventricular tacharrhythmias were invest...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virological investigations were carried out on the serum of 62 patients suffering from peripheral facial pareses. The aetiology was definitely attributable to a virus infection in 12 of these cases. Neuropathological changes induced by these neurotropic viruses, predisposing anatomical features and pathogenesis are di...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Psychotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of patients suffering from a personality disorder. It is known that many patients with personality disorders do not take up psychotherapy or drop out of treatment prematurely. The aim of the present study was the detection of factors in patients with per...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-010-1353-x
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of screening for cardiovascular risk factors and the effect of applying professional guidelines for risk reduction in postmenopausal women, as judged by the Framingham and the high-risk systematic coronary risk evaluation (SCORE) methods. METHODS:18 menopause clinics in...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-009-1152-4
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the end of December 1990 11 patients had survived lung transplantation at the 2nd Department of Surgery, University of Vienna. In these patients 7 single lung (SLTX) and four bilateral lung transplantations (DLTX) were performed. The indication for operation in 6 cases was emphysema, in 2 cases mucoviscidosis, in 2...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skin thickness was measured by means of ultrasound and correlated with the results of bone densitometry and hormonal parameters. Skin thickness and bone density were significantly correlated (p < 0.0001). These results indicated that not only bone, but also skin is a hormone-dependent organ, which responds to the meno...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Primary and secondary myelofibrosis (PMF and SMF) are malignant diseases of hematopoietic stem cell characterized by the neoplastic myeloproliferation and a strong inflammatory milieu. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) integrates information on albumin and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and reflects th...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-018-1318-z
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study is concerned with the identification and the pharmacological properties of PGI2 receptor binding sites on human thyroid membrane fractions. Scatchard analysis is not linear, revealing a high- and a low-affinity receptor binding site. (3 H)Iloprost binding experiments were performed under various clinical co...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smartphone addiction is one of the most common non-drug addictions, accompanied by negative effects, such as depression, anxiety, self-disclosure, impaired academic performance, family life and human relationships. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of a predisposition to smartphone use disorder...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-018-1373-5
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on minimum erythema doses, histological investigations and quantitative determination of DNA repair synthesis of epidermal cells revealed that a tan induced by the oral administration of 8-methoxy-psoralen (8-MOP) and subsequent UVA irradiation gives protection from the erythemogenic effects of sunlight, dimin...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::A review and discussion of the incidence and clinical importance of various cardiac arrhythmias in patients with inflammatory diseases of the heart is presented in this paper. ...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The goal of this paper is to describe the ICU management of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Austria. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Data sets from 415 patients included by 5 Austrian hospitals were available. The analysis focused on complications and outcomes of intensive care, monitoring of intracranial press...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s00508-006-0763-2
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ulcerative colitis occurs before the age of 15 years in 20% and before 20 years in 40% of all patients involved. The frequency of this disease in patients at the University Children's Hospital of Munich has clearly risen over the past years. In many patients we found characteristic differences in history, clinical pic...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies report strong associations between hyperhomocysteinemia and premature atherosclerotic vascular disease. Causes of hyperhomocysteinemia are hereditary heterozygous or, in very rare cases, homozygous defects, and quite frequently a lack of the coenzymes B6 and B12 and the cosubstrate folate. Lifestyle f...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperuicaemia is a frequent finding in psoriasis vulgaris. Enhanced purine catabolism due to the rapid turnover of psoriatric epidermis is thought to be the cause of the raised serum uric acid levels. In the present study serum acid determinations were performed in 197 patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Since no correl...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-04-28 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine which of the three surgical techniques for acute unilateral complete rupture of Achilles tendons in use at the University Clinical Centre Maribor gives the best short-term functional results. METHODS:In the retrospective analysis of the results of 3 surgical techniques, 262 patients of which 244 (...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-016-1158-7
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three cases of persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborn infants are reported. One patient developed this syndrome following a normal pregnancy and uneventful delivery, whilst the others had a history of fetal or perinatal distress. Cardiac catheterization showed pulmonary hypertension in two cases in the absence o...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::It is well recognized that organized management of heart failure patients, including care by heart failure specialists, improves outcomes of these patients. In response to this, the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology proposed a basic framework of a heart failure curriculum, which became a ...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-019-1480-y
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Preoperative fasting is associated with various untoward postoperative health problems. Previous studies have stressed the advantages of preoperative feeding with a carbohydrate-rich drink 2 hours before surgery; this protocol does not increase the risk of gastric-content aspiration but reduces the level of ...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00508-009-1301-9
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute myocardial infarction induces an inflammatory reaction. We related conventional inflammatory parameters including C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cell count and axillary temperature to plasma concentrations of procalcitonin in patients with acute myocardial infarction. In a prospe...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::The indications for operative treatment of prostatic adenomas are outlined. The three operative techniques (suprapubic adenomectomy, resection and cryosurgery) should not be considered rival procedures, but complementary methods of therapy. The postoperative mortality dropped from 5.64% in the years 1957-1967 to 1.01%...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::Various chronic pulmonary diseases can cause hypoxia mediated erythrocytosis. We report on a 46 year old male patient presenting with erythrocytosis, in whom a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula on the basis of a vascular malformation was identified as a rare cause of hypoxic erythrocytosis. Thus, congenital pulmonary va...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Correction: Wien Klin Wochenschr 2014 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-014-0571-z The disclosure needs to additionally mention the following:Erika von Mutius is listed as inventor on the following patents: Publication number EP 1411977: Composition containing bacterial antigens used for the prophylaxis …. ...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s00508-019-01546-3
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic injuries of the lid often affect the lower lid and the lower canaliculus. Lid destruction by tumours also frequently takes place in the medial part of the lower lid, involving the canaliculus inferior. In order to prevent chronic epiphora the lower canaliculus has to be reconstructed. The most elegant and ef...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::Protein synthesis of liver risobosmes is markedly reduced in diabetes mellitus. This finding is well correlated with the protein catabolic state of insulin deficiency in general and with the reduction of protein synthesis by muscle ribosomes in particular. However, with regard to the mechanism of the amino acid incorp...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1975-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Bone mineral content (BMC) of the lumbar spine (L2-L4), femoral neck, Ward's triangle and the trochanteric region was measured in 52 consecutive patients on maintenance haemodialysis. In the whole group the median BMC value as percentage of sex- and age-matched normal means was significantly decreased only in Ward's t...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::Hypersensitivity to allergens in tobacco leaf as a cause of occupational asthma in workers of the tobacco manufacturing industry has been reported previously. We describe the case of a female employee working in a tobacco plant with asthmatic symptoms occurring at the working place. The symptoms described by the patie...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urea and cyanate, spontaneously transformed from urea, are increased with decreased renal function becoming potential toxins. Isocyanic acid, the active form of cyanate, carbamoylates proteins, amino acids and other molecules, changing molecular structure and function in vivo. Carbamoylation can occur at multiple site...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-08-21 00:00:00