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A card sort method of pain assessment.

Abstract：

:This paper addresses the problem of measuring the subjective report of clinical pain. In recognition of the multidemensional nature of pain, there was 1st a questionnaire which measured 3 dimensions of pain (sensory, effective, evaluative) and then a rating scale. The content of this test was drawn from the results of a survey of 200 sufferers of pelvic pain. The 1st study consisted of the identification of commonly used adjectives describing pelvic pain and was aided by the cooperation of 221 women. 35 women attended family planning clinics and were then part of a survey to determine the amount of pain indicated by each word (through use of a 5-point scale). The aim of these 2 surveys was to arrive at 3 words describing different amounts of qualitatively similar pain sensation which could then be used in the card sort. The results are included in tabular form. The 2nd study evaluted the card sort method of pain assessment. 2 words on 2 cards which describe pain (1 above the other) are presented to the patient who must then sort the cards according to whether the top or bottom word on each card most closely resembles the pain being experienced. The objectives were: 1) to establish the relevance of words included in the test and the degree of consensus over meaning and 2) to acess the internal structure of the card sort to validate the groupings of triads into sensation, affective, and evaluative dimensions of pain. The card sort was administered 213 times and based on the high degree of consensus, it was taken to have sufficient reliability for purposes of pain assessment. Scores were subjected to factor analysis and 3 emerged. The 1st accounted for 42% of the common variance and it seems that this 1 tapped the overall reaction to the pain experience; the 2nd accounted for 11% of the common variance and represents the sensory qualities of pain; and the 3rd factor accounted for 10% of the common variance and described the temporal quality of pain. There is strong evidence for viewing pain as a multidimensional experience for which commonly used assessment methods are inadequate. High internal consistency was found to exist for the test as a whole although it was somewhat lower for the sensory triads. The validity of the test was also found to be high and there was support for the distinction between sensation and the reaction or evaluation of these. The card sort could be a useful index in clinical research trials for pain; it is a method not limited to gynecological pain and it has demonstrated clinical utility and face validity.

journal_name

J Psychosom Res

journal_title

Journal of psychosomatic research

authors

Reading AE,Newton JR

doi

10.1016/0022-3999(78)90006-5

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1978-01-01 00:00:00

pages

503-12

issue

eissn

0022-3999

issn

1879-1360

pii

0022-3999(78)90006-5

journal_volume

pub_type

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A card sort method of pain assessment.