Abstract:
:Initial studies designed to measure the effect of inhibiting RNA synthesis by dactinomycin on macrophage functions revealed that the cells were uniformly killed at concentrations that have been routinely used to inhibit RNA synthesis in other cell types. We, thus, determined the dose curve for the cytotoxicity of dactinomycin for macrophages and two other cell types, L929 cells and splenic lymphocytes. Macrophages were extremely sensitive to the cytotoxicity of dactinomycin compared to the other cell types. Submicromolar concentrations that induced 100% cytotoxicity in macrophages caused little death in L929 cells or lymphocytes. Concentrations of dactinomycin that inhibited RNA synthesis by 40% in macrophages induced almost complete cell death but inhibition of over 80% of RNA synthesis in L929 cells or lymphocytes induced no measurable cytotoxicity. Macrophages did take up more dactinomycin than other cells but the amount was not sufficient to account for the large differences in cytotoxicity. We next tested the effects of doxorubicin and cycloheximide and found that macrophages were also extremely sensitive to killing by these compounds, and there was a very close association between the amount of inhibition of protein synthesis and the amount of toxicity. The morphology of macrophages exposed to these agents was consistent with death by apoptosis. This was further supported by assays measuring membrane integrity and DNA fragmentation. These data demonstrate that inhibition of macromolecular synthesis in macrophages, by different mechanisms, causes macrophages to undergo apoptosis. They further suggest that, in contrast to other cell types that require protein synthesis for apoptosis, macrophages require the synthesis of certain proteins to avoid apoptosis.
journal_name
J Leukoc Bioljournal_title
Journal of leukocyte biologyauthors
Lewis JG,Adams DO,Fan Sdoi
10.1002/jlb.57.4.635subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-04-01 00:00:00pages
635-42issue
4eissn
0741-5400issn
1938-3673journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The engagement of activating NK receptors (aNKR) stimulates NK cell activity, provided that interactions between inhibitory NK receptors (iNKR) with their HLA ligands do not override them. Abs bound to target cells can also activate NK cells by engaging the CD16 aNKR. NK cell education status is an important factor fo...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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abstract::Vascular occlusion is the main cause of the morbidity and mortality observed in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Increasing evidence indicates that (activated) neutrophils could play an important role in the initiation and propagation of vaso-occlusive processes in SCD. In this study, the activation state of n...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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abstract::Seventy-kilodalton amino-terminal and 180-kDa cell-binding fibronectin fragments were used to determine which fibronectin domains support soluble gelatin interactions with macrophages. At each time measured, intact and 180-kDa fibronectin supported significantly larger quantities of cell-associated gelatin than contro...
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abstract::Recent studies have shown that proinflammatory cytokines damage rodent neural precursor cells (NPCs), a source of self-renewing, multipotent cells that play an important role in the developing as well as adult brain. In this study, the effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on cytokine and chemokine produc...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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doi:
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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abstract::MΦs are important sensory cells of the innate immune system and regulate immune responses through releasing different combinations of cytokines. In this study, we examined whether cytokines released by MΦs in response to the probiotic bacterial strain GR-1 modulate the responses of DCs. The cytokine profile released b...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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abstract::Our previous studies demonstrated that i.p. injection of late apoptotic P388 cells caused phagocytosis by macrophages and transient infiltration of neutrophils into the peritoneal cavity. As neutrophils are known to function as effectors as well as regulators in the immune response, we examined the roles of infiltrati...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1189/jlb.0606399
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abstract::Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1, CCL2) is a mediator of inflammation that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of human diseases. CCR2, a heterotrimeric G-coupled receptor, is the only known receptor that functions at physiologic concentrations of MCP-1. Despite the importance of CCR2 in...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1189/jlb.0903421
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Charcot-Leyden crystal (CLC) protein, a prominent cell constituent unique to eosinophils and basophils, possesses lysophospholipase activity. This activity and the extracellular deposition and formation of CLC in tissues and body fluids in association with eosinophils suggest an extracellular function for this pro...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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abstract::RA is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by accumulation of inflammatory cells within synovial joints. RA is associated with a failure of apoptosis of infiltrating leukocytes, thought to be a result of overexpression of prosurvival Bcl-2 proteins. Overexpression of Bcl-2 in hematopoietic cells can result in sp...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1189/jlb.0412190
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in blood. From the circulation, they are quickly mobilized to sites of inflammation and/or infection. At the affected tissues, neutrophils display an impressive array of antimicrobial functions, including degranulation, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), phagocyto...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/JLB.4MIR0220-574RR
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alum, aluminum-hydroxide-containing compounds, long used as adjuvants in human vaccinations, functions by ill-defined, immunostimulatory mechanisms. Antigen-free alum has been shown to act via a previously unidentified, splenic Gr1(+), IL-4-expressing myeloid cell population to stimulate early B cell priming. We demon...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1189/jlb.0607392
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emerging evidence suggests that the innate immune system, comprised of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their associated molecules, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of intestinal inflammation and in the response to invading pathogens. Although TLRs are thought to have predominantly beneficial effects in pathogen r...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1189/jlb.0607358
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1189/jlb.0305147
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-1beta is a secreted protein that accumulates in the cytosol as an inactive precursor (pIL-1beta) before processing and release of biologically active protein. To understand the impact of this property on IL-1beta production, we examined the intracellular stability of pIL-1beta in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-s...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the modulation and the behavior of glycocalyx elements during adhesion, we explored one of its components, the CD43 molecule, on human monocytic THP-1 cells exposed to cytokine stimulation and its redistribution during heterotypic adhesion to opsonized erythrocytes. First we demonstrated by immunofluores...
journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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doi:10.1002/JLB.1HI0620-230R
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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journal_title:Journal of leukocyte biology
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更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00