Inhaled nitric oxide and hemodynamic evaluation of patients with pulmonary hypertension before transplantation.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:We investigated the effect of inhaled nitric oxide and infused acetylcholine in patients with pulmonary hypertension undergoing cardiac catheterization before cardiopulmonary transplantation. BACKGROUND:The fate of patients under consideration for transplantation of the heart or lungs, or both, is influenced by the evaluation of their pulmonary vascular reactivity. METHODS:We evaluated 11 patients who were classified into two groups on the basis of mean left atrial pressure > 15 mm Hg (group I, n = 6) or < or = 15 mm Hg (group II, n = 5). All patients inhaled nitric oxide at 80 ppm. This was preceded by an infusion of 10(-6) mol/liter of acetylcholine in seven consecutive patients (n = 3 in group I, n = 4 in group II). RESULTS:In group I, inhaled nitric oxide decreased pulmonary artery pressure from (mean +/- SE) 71 +/- 13 to 59 +/- 10 mm Hg (p < 0.05), pulmonary vascular resistance from 14.9 +/- 3.8 to 7.6 +/- 1.7 Um2 (p < 0.05) and intrapulmonary shunt fraction from 17.8 +/- 3.6% to 12.7 +/- 2.1% (p < 0.05). Left atrial pressure tended to increase from 27 +/- 4 to 32 +/- 5 mm Hg (p = 0.07). In group II pulmonary vascular resistance decreased in response to nitric oxide from 36.4 +/- 9.0 to 31.1 +/- 7.9 Um2 (p < 0.05). Cardiac index, systemic pressure and resistance did not change in either group. Seven patients who received acetylcholine had no significant alteration in pulmonary hemodynamic variables. CONCLUSIONS:These preliminary observations suggest that nitric oxide is a potent pulmonary vasodilator with minimal systemic effects. It may be useful in discriminating patients needing combined heart and lung transplantation from those requiring exchange of the heart alone.

journal_name

J Am Coll Cardiol

authors

Adatia I,Perry S,Landzberg M,Moore P,Thompson JE,Wessel DL

doi

10.1016/0735-1097(95)00048-9

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1995-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1656-64

issue

7

eissn

0735-1097

issn

1558-3597

pii

0735-1097(95)00048-9

journal_volume

25

pub_type

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