[Nutritional status, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in children from Santiago (Chile)].

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:The origin of most non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is in early life. Consequently obtaining information on risk factors for NCDs is important for preventive purposes. However, there is no information available on the prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance (IR) in Chilean children. OBJETIVES:To determine the prevalence of nutritional status, MS and IR, and secondly, to study the associations among them. METHODS:Cross-sectional study conducted during 2009-2011 in 20 public schools of Puente Alto County, Santiago, Chile. Anthropometry, blood pressure and pubertal status were assessed. A blood sample was obtained for determination of lipids, blood glucose and insulin. Abnormal Homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR) was based on a national standard. RESULTS:3325 children had a mean age of 11.4 ± 1 years old (range 10-15 years). The prevalence of obesity, MS and IR was 16.1%, 7.3% and 25.9%, respectively. The prevalence of IR and MS was higher in obese children. MS and IR were strongly associated with an OR of 8.0 (95% CI= 5.9-10.7). Multivariate analysis showed that all MS components were associated to IR. CONCLUSIONS:There is a relatively high prevalence of risk factors in this sample of children. The strong positive association between nutritional status, IR and MS points out the need to early identify risk factors for NCDs allowing for prevention. :RESUMEN Introducción: Las principales enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles pueden iniciarse en la niñez, por lo que el conocimiento de sus factores de riesgo puede colaborar en su prevención. No existe información acerca de su prevalencia conjunta en escolares chilenos. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia del estado nutricional, síndrome metabólico (SM) y resistencia a la insulina (RI) en escolares, y conocer la asociación entre ellos. Métodos: Estudio transversal en 20 escuelas públicas de la comuna de Puente Alto, Santiago, Chile (2009-2011). Se evaluó antropometría, presión arterial, estado puberal. Se obtuvo una muestra sanguínea para determinar lípidos, glucosa, insulina plasmática. El indice de HOMA, homeostasis model assessment (en español: modelo de evaluación de la homeostasis) se utilizó para estimar RI con un patrón nacional. Resultados: 3325 niños con edad promedio 11,4 ± 1 años (rango 10-15 años). La prevalencia de obesidad, SM y RI fue 16,1%, 7,3% y 25,9%, respectivamente. La prevalencia de RI y SM fue mayor en los obesos. SM se asoció fuertemente a RI: OR: 8,0 (95% CI= 5,9-10,7). El análisis multivariado mostró que todos los componentes del SM se asociaron con RI. Conclusiones: Este estudio realizado en la comuna más poblada de Chile, demostró una alta prevalencia relativa de obesidad, RI y SM en escolares de escuelas públicas pertenecientes a un área de bajos ingresos. La clara asociación positiva demostrada entre estado exceso ponderal, RI y SM, acentúa la importancia de la identificación temprana de los factores de riesgo de ECNT con propósitos preventivos.

journal_name

Nutr Hosp

journal_title

Nutricion hospitalaria

authors

Mardones F,Arnaiz P,Barja S,Giadach C,Villarroel L,Domínguez A,Castillo O,Farias M

doi

10.3305/nutr hosp.v28in06.6770

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-11-01 00:00:00

pages

1999-2005

issue

6

eissn

0212-1611

issn

1699-5198

journal_volume

28

pub_type

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