Why do class I MHC molecules bind smaller peptides than class II MHC molecules?

abstract：:The cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily member 14, TNFSF14 (or LIGHT), is a controversial player in numerous diseases. We investigated the role of endogenously expressed TNFSF14 in diet-induced obesity in vivo. Firstly, we studied the effects of Tnfsf14 ablation on the development of obesity, glucose intoleranc...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Saunders BM,Rudnicka C,Filipovska A,Davies S,Ward N,Hricova J,Schlaich MP,Matthews VB

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD4(+) T cells are activated upon recognition of peptide antigen in the context of MHC class II molecules, expressed by specialized APC. In this study, we show that CD4(+) T cells cross-compete for antigenic complexes on the surface of APC, inhibiting activation of other potentially reactive T cells of the same and di...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Hayball JD,Robinson BW,Lake RA

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present report provides the first extensive characterization of the OT-I TCR transgenic line, which produces MHC class I-restricted, ovalbumin-specific, CD8+ T cells (OT-I cells). These cells are shown to be positively selected in vivo in H-2b C57BL/6 mice and in bm5 mice, which express the Kbm5 mutant molecule. I...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Clarke SR,Barnden M,Kurts C,Carbone FR,Miller JF,Heath WR

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathogenesis of autoimmune disease remains an enigma. Here, the condition is analysed from an evolutionary standpoint, and the thesis developed that viruses, in particular retroviruses, are important to our evolution, and that their inappropriate re-expression by repetitive (? ischaemic) cell damage in individuals...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Boyd GW

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neospora caninum is a coccidian parasite causative of clinical infections in a wide range of animal hosts. The maturation and activation of splenic conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were studied here in BALB/c mice challenged intraperitoneal with N. caninum tachyzoites. The nu...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Teixeira L,Botelho AS,Mesquita SD,Correia A,Cerca F,Costa R,Sampaio P,Castro AG,Vilanova M

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activins and inhibins are members of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily that have been considered crucial regulators of cell processes, such as differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, in different cell types. Initial studies about the function of activin A in the immune system focused on the regulation...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Aleman-Muench GR,Soldevila G

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cellular effects of biodiesel emissions particulate matter (BDEP) and petroleum diesel emissions particulate matter (PDEP) were compared using a human airway cell line, A549. At concentrations of 25 microg/ml, diesel particulate matter induced the formation of multinucleate cells. In cells treated with a mixture o...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Ackland ML,Zou L,Freestone D,van de Waasenburg S,Michalczyk AA

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Construction of libraries of artificial antibodies has been reported by several groups of investigators. Various forms of antibody fused to surface protein, cpII, are expressed on the surface of filamentous phage. Since phages that encode desired antibodies can be easily grown in Escherichia coli after selection with ...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Iba Y,Kurosawa Y

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of infections like sepsis and meningitis, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Human macrophages are able to phagocytose and digest L. monocytogenes but IL-4 prevents human macrophages from killing the bacteria, the mechanisms of which are unknown. In the present study, ...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Neumann K,Eppler E,Filgueira L,Groscurth P,Gasal E,Schaffner A,Schoedon G,Schneemann M

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our earlier studies have demonstrated that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists suppress immune system function in female mice. No systematic studies regarding the effect of gender on immune system function following GnRH agonist treatment, however, have been reported. This study, therefore, investigated seq...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Rao LV,Cleveland RP,Kimmel RJ,Ataya KM

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain/beta(2)m heterodimers assemble with antigenic peptides through interactions with peptide-loading complex proteins, including tapasin and ERp57. In human cells, a cysteine residue within tapasin (C95) has been shown to form a covalent bond with ERp57. In this s...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Simone LC,Wang X,Tuli A,Solheim JC

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NK cells from three donors with a NK (CD3- CD56+ CD16+) lymphocytosis of unknown aetiology showed differential expression of CD45R0, an isoform of CD45 not expressed by NK cells from normal donors unless stimulated to proliferate in vitro. For donor FC, 60% of NK cells expressed CD45R0 over a 16 month period during wh...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Warren HS,Kinnear BF,Skipsey LJ,Pembrey RG

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Almost all vaccinations today are delivered through parenteral routes. Mucosal vaccination offers several benefits over parenteral routes of vaccination, including ease of administration, the possibility of self-administration, elimination of the chance of injection with infected needles, and induction of mucosal as w...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Vajdy M,Srivastava I,Polo J,Donnelly J,O'Hagan D,Singh M

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats primed with bovine myelin (BM) in complete Freunds adjuvant, develop acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We have previously described that intraperitoneal administration prior to the active induction of the disease of a bovine synaptosomal fraction (BSF) and BM were effective ways of suppressin...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Degano AL,Ditamo Y,Roth GA

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting predominantly motor neurons in the spinal cord and motor cortex. Neurodegeneration in ALS is accompanied by a well-characterized neuroinflammatory reaction within the central nervous system and, as described more recentl...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Zondler L,Feiler MS,Freischmidt A,Ruf WP,Ludolph AC,Danzer KM,Weishaupt JH

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The central pathogenic feature of AIDS is the dramatic loss of CD4+ lymphocytes. Despite more than a decade of intense research, the exact mechanism by which HIV causes this is still not understood. A major model for T cell depletion, proposed originally by Ameison and Capron in a report published in 1991, is that HIV...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Jaworowski A,Crowe SM

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-4 (IL-4) has previously been implicated in a protective response to Staphylococcus aureus corneal infection. Consequently, the specific role of IL-4 during S. aureus corneal infection was investigated using IL-4 gene knockout mice. The eyes of IL-4-/- mice and wild-type mice were challenged topically with ...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Cole N,Hume EB,Khan S,Garthwaite L,Schubert T,Reeve V,Willcox MD

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection of mice with the flaviviruses West Nile virus (WNV) and Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE) induces cytolytic T-cell responses which are highly cross-reactive on target cells infected with heterologous flaviviruses. Of C57BL/6 mice infected with low doses (10(2)-10(6) PFU) of either virus, 30-40% develop enceph...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Wang Y,Lobigs M,Lee E,Müllbacher A

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spleen cells from newborn mice are immunologically nonreactive and do not respond by proliferation upon stimulation with the T cell mitogen concanavalin-A (Con-A) or with recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2). We have found that, in spite of the observed non-reactivity in the proliferative tests, cells from newborn mice we...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Lipoldová M,Holán V

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elucidating pathways that regulate cytokine production in the context of autoimmune disease will likely lead to the development of novel therapeutics. Herein, we review data suggesting that microRNAs (miRs) represent one such level of regulatory activity, with particular emphasis on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arth...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Baxter D,McInnes IB,Kurowska-Stolarska M

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central regulator of cellular metabolic homeostasis that is highly conserved in evolution. Recent evidence has revealed the existence of a complex interplay between mTOR signalling and immunity. We review here the emerging role of mTOR signalling in the regulation of Toll-like...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Abdel-Nour M,Tsalikis J,Kleinman D,Girardin SE

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cloned Th1 cells, but not Th2 cells, specific for malaria antigen, produce nitric oxide (NO) when activated with specific antigen or Con A. Furthermore, NO inhibits proliferation of, and production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma by, Th1 but not Th2 cells. Here, it is demonstrated that the inhibition of Th1 cell proliferation b...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Taylor-Robinson AW

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The contributing role of circulating human dendritic cell (DC) populations and basophils in the presentation and augmentation of Th2 responses remains to be determined. The present study aimed at elucidating the functional role of CD1c(+) myeloid DCs (mDCs), CD123(+) plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), monocyte-derived DCs and b...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Rydnert F,Lundberg K,Greiff L,Lindstedt M

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T lymphocytes are characterized by the use of structurally diverse TCR. The discovery of subsets of canonical T cells that have structurally homogeneous TCR presents an enigma: What antigens do these T cells recognize, and how does their antigen specificity relate to their functions? One subset of canonical T cells is...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Gumperz JE

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD8(+) T cells kill pancreatic β-cells in a cell-cell contact-dependent mechanism in the non-obese diabetic mouse. CD4(+) T lymphocytes are also able to kill pancreatic β-cells, but they do not directly contact β-cells and may use another cell type as the actual cytotoxic cell. Natural killer (NK) cells could have thi...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Angstetra E,Graham KL,Zhao Y,Irvin AE,Elkerbout L,Santamaria P,Slattery RM,Kay TW,Thomas HE

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For the past 20 years footrot vaccines have evolved from simple bacterins to highly specific recombinant DNA (rDNA) fimbrial vaccines. The development of these vaccines has left a trail of discoveries, challenges and solutions; these processes continue as we move closer to understanding the requirements of a footrot v...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： O'Meara TJ,Egerton JR,Raadsma HW

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible role and influence of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the human mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) reaction was investigated. Polyclonal rabbit sera to recombinant human-TNF-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) consistently inhibited the MLC, and this could be reversed by simultaneous addition of rhTNF-alpha to th...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Matthews SJ,Sullivan JS

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterogeneity of T cells is a hallmark of a successful adaptive immune response, harnessing the vast diversity of antigen-specific T cells into a coordinated evolution of effector and memory outcomes. The T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is highly diverse to account for the highly heterogeneous antigenic world. During...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Eltahla AA,Rizzetto S,Pirozyan MR,Betz-Stablein BD,Venturi V,Kedzierska K,Lloyd AR,Bull RA,Luciani F

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allergic asthma is responsible for widespread morbidity and mortality and its incidence has increased dramatically in industrialized countries over the past two decades. Here, we describe a new murine model of allergic asthma utilizing a novel allergen with intrinsic enzymatic activity similar to that reported for man...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Marsland BJ,Camberis M,Le Gros G

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As host immunological defenses are impaired during HIV infection, it is difficult to elicit good responses when attempting to develop therapeutic vaccines against HIV. To try to solve this situation, adjuvants, particularly cytokines, are currently under evaluation. Owing to the fact that adenosine deaminase (ADA) is ...

journal_title：Immunology and cell biology

authors： Climent N,Martinez-Navio JM,Gil C,Garcia F,Rovira C,Hurtado C,Miralles L,Gatell JM,Gallart T,Mallol J,Lluis C,Franco R

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00