Abstract:
:Personality characteristics of 87 parents of autistic probands and 38 parents of Down's syndrome probands were examined using a standardized personality interview. Using best-estimate ratings derived from subject and informant interviews, parents of autistic individuals were rated significantly higher than controls on three characteristics: aloof, untactful and undemonstrative. When ratings were based on interviews with subjects only, parents of autistic probands were rated as significantly more aloof, untactful and unresponsive. There were no significant differences between parent groups on ratings based on informant interviews only. The implications of these findings for future family studies of autism are discussed.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Piven J,Wzorek M,Landa R,Lainhart J,Bolton P,Chase GA,Folstein Sdoi
10.1017/s0033291700027938subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-08-01 00:00:00pages
783-95issue
3eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Evidence from high-income countries suggests that childhood trauma is associated with schizophrenia. Studies of childhood trauma and schizophrenia in low and middle income (LMIC) countries are limited. This study examined the prevalence of childhood traumatic experiences among cases and controls and the rela...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719001703
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia is associated with perceptual organization deficits and abnormal neuronal connectivity has been described in early visual areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional integrity of lateral connections in early visual areas of patients with schizophrenia and type I bipolar d...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291705004381
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Learning and memory impairments in older adults with depression are linked to hippocampal atrophy. However, other subcortical regions may also be contributing to these deficits. We aimed to examine whether anterior caudate nucleus volume is significantly reduced in older adults with depression compared to co...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291716000787
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study investigated factors contributing to suspected offending behaviour by adults with a history of learning disabilities taken into custody at a city police station. METHODS:Adults charged with offences, and/or leaving custody, during a defined period, were identified as having a possible learning di...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291797004777
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) usually show psychopathological signs beyond their core symptoms (e.g. elevated scores of the dysregulation profile (DP) in 30-40%), treatments with a broader approach to self-regulation skills may be supportive. Neurofeedback (NF) may reflect ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0033291718004130
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social media platforms have long been recognised as major disseminators of health misinformation. Many previous studies have found a negative association between health-protective behaviours and belief in the specific form of misinformation popularly known as 'conspiracy theory'. Concerns have arisen regardi...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329172000224X
更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::The persistence of psychosis at a high and relatively constant prevalence in the various populations of the world is rendered difficult to explain by the absence of identified environmental precipitants and by reduced fertility of affected individuals. The problem is not confined to schizophrenia but applies also to a...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0033291700000611
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The relationship between recurrent major depression (MD) in women and suicidality is complex. We investigated the extent to which patients who suffered with various forms of suicidal symptomatology can be distinguished from those subjects without such symptoms. METHOD:We examined the clinical features of th...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329171200058X
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Met allele of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) valine-to-methionine (Val158Met) polymorphism is known to affect dopamine-dependent affective regulation within amygdala-prefrontal cortical (PFC) networks. It is also thought to increase the risk of a number of disorders characterized by affective mo...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291710001431
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The atypical processing of eye contact is a characteristic hallmark of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The severity of these symptoms, however, is thought to lie on a continuum that extends into the typical population. While behavioural evidence shows that differences in social cognitive tasks in typically d...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291718001630
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whether late-onset depression is a risk factor for or a prodrome of dementia remains unclear. We investigated the impact of depressive symptoms and early- v. late-onset depression on subsequent dementia in a cohort of elderly general-practitioner patients (n = 2663, mean age = 81.2 years). METHOD:Risk for s...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S0033291712002449
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Abnormal perceptions of food and shape underpin the cognitive behavioural model of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this study was to investigate motivational processing of disorder-specific and standard emotional cues in anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) using startle eyeblink modulation (SEM). SEM w...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291706008129
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Childhood trauma is a risk factor for psychosis. Deficits in response inhibition are common to psychosis and trauma-exposed populations, and associated brain functions may be affected by trauma exposure in psychotic disorders. We aimed to identify the influence of trauma-exposure on brain activation and func...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291717002884
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is an emerging consensus in developmental psychopathology that irritable youth are at risk for developing internalizing problems later in life. The current study explored if irritability in youth is multifactorial and the impact of irritability dimensions on psychopathology outcomes in adulthood. METH...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719002903
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data from a general population survey of psychiatric disorder in Camberwell were used to calculate the risk of a CATEGO-defined depressive episode before the age of 65, using a modification of Strömgren's method. Current depression was defined as cases within the relevant categories of the CATEGO program and at thresh...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700012435
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The notion that psychotic symptoms lie on a continuum with normality has become an accepted dogma. It is supported by several lines of empirical evidence, fits in with the orientation of modern services and has a 'moral' appeal. However, there is confusion as to the nature of the continuum or continua under discussion...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291710000188
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An entire population of 32 patients on regular dialysis treatment (RDT) in their own homes were ranked according to their present mental state as assessed by a standardized semi-structured interview. The point-prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was 31% which compares closely with that of patients attending a general ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700032062
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social capital has been considered aetiologically important in schizophrenia but the empirical evidence to support this hypothesis is absent. We tested whether social capital, measured at the neighbourhood level, was associated with the incidence of schizophrenia (ICD-10 F20). MethodWe administered a cross-s...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291707002085
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemiology of mental problems in the Gomel region in the republic of Belarus was studied in a two-stage survey of a broad based population sample (N = 1617), using the General Health Questionnaire (12-item version) and the Munich Diagnostic Checklist for DSM-III-R. The Gomel region is one of the areas that was m...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700037879
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently completed a case-control study of 100 literally homeless and 100 never homeless indigent schizophrenic men in New York City, in which concurrent substance abuse and antisocial personality disorder were widespread. In this paper we probe the correlates of 'pure' schizophrenia (single disorder, N = 60), schi...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700027835
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aimed to explore the impacts of COVID-19 outbreak on mental health status in general population in different affected areas in China. METHODS:This was a comparative study including two groups of participants: (1) general population in an online survey in Ya'an and Jingzhou cities during the COVID...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720004717
更新日期:2020-12-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Understanding the pathways to psychiatric care and recognition of delay points are crucial for the development of interventions that aim to improve access to mental health-care services. METHOD:Over a 2-month period in 2003, a total of 1044 patients at the commencement of new episodes of care at Amanuel Spe...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291708003929
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effect of prenatal distress on the risk of a small for gestational age (SGA) infant is uncertain. We have addressed the influences of prenatal stress, anxiety and depression on the risk of SGA. We also examined the effects of infant sex and timing of distress during pregnancy on any observed associations...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291714000300
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sleep disruption is a common precursor to deterioration and relapse in people living with psychotic disorders. Understanding the temporal relationship between sleep and psychopathology is important for identifying and developing interventions which target key variables that contribute to relapse. METHODS:We...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720004857
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Forty-eight couples with a presenting problem of female sexual unresponsiveness were treated in a controlled study using a balanced factorial design. The factors varied in this design were medication (testosterone or placebo), treatment frequency (weekly or monthly sessions), and the number of therapists involved (one...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700050091
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred and twenty women recruited from attenders at the antenatal clinic of the Obstetrics Department of a general hospital were asked to complete ad hoc questionnaires during pregnancy; they were then interviewed by psychiatrists using a structured diagnostic interview, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and S...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003329170002643x
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Preparing for potentially threatening events in the future is essential for survival. Anticipating the future to be unpleasant is also a cognitive key feature of depression. We hypothesized that 'pessimism'-related emotion processing would characterize brain activity in major depression.MethodDuring function...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291709991073
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pharmaceutical industry funding of psychiatric research has increased significantly in recent decades, raising the question of a relationship between pharmaceutical company funding of clinical psychiatric studies and the outcomes of those studies. This study examines this relationship. METHOD:Abstracts of a...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291706008567
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients treated in primary care settings report better mental outcomes when they agree with practitioners about the nature of their core presenting problems. However, no study has examined the impact of staff-patient agreement on treatment outcomes in specialist mental health services. We investigated wheth...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291707000785
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The genetic component of Cannabis Use Disorder may overlap with influences acting more generally on early stages of cannabis use. This paper aims to determine the extent to which genetic influences on the development of cannabis abuse/dependence are correlated with those acting on the opportunity to use cann...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291718000478
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00