Abstract:
:1. A total of 312 cutaneous afferent units identified in the rat foot as belonging to one of nine major types of sensory receptors were included in the present study. A natural stimulus set was defined to differentiate optimally among those receptor types according to the distinguishing response patterns that it produced. It included air puffs, 30- and 300-Hz sinusoids, 200-mN force indentation of the skin, 1.2- and 6-N compressions of a skin fold, cooling the skin by 5 and 20 degrees C, warming by 5 degrees C, and heating by 15 degrees C. 2. The responses to predefined stimuli of 188 units were subjected to multivariate statistical analyses. The responses of an individual unit were measured as the number of impulses evoked by 10 stimuli, each lasting 10 s. Additionally, the number of impulses occurring for 5 s after withdrawal of a 200-mN indentation (1 of the 10 stimuli) was counted. 3. In discriminant analysis, the 11 stimulus variables predicted fairly correctly the grouping of afferent units into nine predetermined receptor categories (175 of 188, 93.1%), indicating a powerful ability to discriminate among different receptor types. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, afferent unit data described by 11 variables were divided into clusters that well represented prior receptor categories (170 of 188, 90.4%), suggesting the reliable application of this procedure to the classification of newly recorded cutaneous sensory receptors. 4. Eleven variables were then reduced to 7 on the basis of the results of factor analysis (95% of variance accounted for). The seven variables corresponded to 1.2-N compression, heating the skin by 15 degrees C, cooling the skin by 20 degrees C, 30- and 300-Hz sinusoids, withdrawal of a 200-mN indentation, and air puffs. 5. The seven selected variables correctly assigned afferent units into five modality-based categories in the discriminant solution (177 of 188, 94.1%). In the cluster solution, afferent units described by the seven selected variables were divided into clusters, most of whose members were modality specific (176 of 188, 93.6%). 6. The results indicate that cutaneous receptors can be divided into modality-specific groups according to similarities in their responses to seven stimulus variables. It is proposed that the stimulus set developed here and multivariate statistical methods can be used as powerful tools for the functional classification of central somatosensory neurons.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Leem JW,Willis WD,Weller SC,Chung JMdoi
10.1152/jn.1993.70.6.2411subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-12-01 00:00:00pages
2411-24issue
6eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We investigated the precision of spike timing in a model of gap junction-coupled oscillatory neurons. The model incorporated the known physiology, morphology, and connectivity of the weakly electric fish's high-frequency and extremely precise pacemaker nucleus (Pn). Two neuron classes, pacemaker and relay cells, were ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.2.984
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A 16-channel electrode array was used to record simultaneously extracellular laminar field potentials evoked by displacement of contralateral vibrissa from vibrissa/barrel cortex in five rats. Current source-density (CSD) analysis combined with principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the time cours...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.63.4.832
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Generalizing newly learned movement patterns beyond the training context is challenging for most motor learning situations. Here we tested whether learning of a new physical property of the arm during self-initiated reaching generalizes to new arm configurations. Human participants performed a single-joint elbow reach...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00696.2019
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is increasingly used to modify brain activity noninvasively and to study brain-behavior relations. However, results can be variable and the conditions that affect the functional efficacy of TMS remain unclear. Here we show that on-line TMS can either facilitate or suppress perce...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01392.2007
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Adult rats and rats with a postnatal age of 3-29 days (PN 3-29) were used for the preparation of in vitro slices of the frontal neocortex. Epileptiform activity was induced by bath application of the gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptor antagonists bicuculline or picrotoxin. 2. The voltage-sensitive dye RH 41...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.72.4.1756
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. B31 and B32 are pattern-initiator neurons in the buccal ganglia of Aplysia. Along with the B61/B62 neurons, B31/B32 are also motor neurons that innervate the 12 buccal muscle via the I2 nerve. This research was aimed at determining the physiological functions of the B31/B32 and B61/B62 neurons, and of the I2 muscle...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.75.4.1309
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. It was the aim of this study to show that nucleus Z of the cat medulla acts as a relay between the spinal cord and the ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of the motor thalamus. For this purpose, extracellular recordings were made from neurons that were antidromically identified by stimulation in the rostral thalamus, par...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.5.1607
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interpretation of hemodynamic responses in epilepsy is hampered by an incomplete understanding of the underlying neurovascular coupling, especially the contributions of excitation and inhibition. We made simultaneous multimodal recordings of local field potentials (LFPs), firing of individual neurons, blood flow, and ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00994.2014
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The connectivity of large neurons of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis (NRGc) in the medullary reticular formation potentially allows both for the integration of stimuli, in several modalities, that would demand immediate action, and for coordinated activation of cortical and motoric activity. We have simultan...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01122.2009
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many electrophysiologists view neurotransmitter transporters as tiny vacuum cleaners, operating continuously to lower extracellular neurotransmitter concentration to zero. However, this is not consistent with their known behavior, instead only reducing extracellular neurotransmitter concentration to a finite, nonzero ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1152/jn.00317.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::During early brain development, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult brain, has been thought to be an important source of excitatory neurotransmission. This view, however, was recently challenged by a series of studies that claim that the excitatory effect of GABA is due to non...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1152/jn.00293.2011
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on the expression and cellular function of sigma receptors in autonomic neurons were conducted in neonatal rat intracardiac and superior cervical (SCG) ganglia. Individual neurons from SCG and intracardiac ganglia were shown to express transcripts encoding the sigma-1 receptor using single-cell RT-PCR techniqu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.87.6.2867
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated currents in short-term cultured dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons of cockroach Periplaneta americana using the whole cell patch-clamp technique in symmetrical chloride solutions. All DUM neurons voltage-clamped at -50 mV displayed inward currents (I(GABA)) when 10(...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.87.6.2972
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biological gain mechanisms regulate the sensitivity and dynamics of signaling pathways at the systemic, cellular, and molecular levels. In the sympathetic nervous system, gain in sensory-motor feedback loops is essential for homeostatic regulation of blood pressure and body temperature. This study shows how synaptic c...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00470.2004
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the first visual synapse of the insect compound eye, both the presynaptic and postsynaptic signals are graded, nonspiking changes in membrane voltage. The synapse exhibits tonic transmitter release (even in dark) and strong adaptation to long-lasting light backgrounds, leading to changes also in the dynamics of sig...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.4.2103
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The torque and electromyographic (EMG) responses to stretch of the first dorsal interosseous muscle (externally imposed joint rotation) were recorded in five normal human subjects. The total measured stiffness was decomposed into three individual stiffness components; passive, intrinsic, and reflex. 2. The passive ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.64.1.105
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of quadrupeds has furnished most of our understanding of mammalian locomotion. To allow a more direct comparison of coordination between the four limbs in humans and quadrupeds, we studied crawling in the human, a behavior that is part of normal human development and mechanically more similar to quadrupedal ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.91125.2008
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonergic fibers broadly innervate the thalamus and may influence the sleep wake cycle, attention, and other processes through modulation of neurons in this structure. However, the actions of serotonin in the dorsal thalamus have been investigated in detail only in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. In the pres...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00650.2001
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the afferents and intracortical synaptic organization of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during noxious electrical stimulation. Extracellular field potentials were recorded simultaneously from 16 electrodes spanning all layers of the ACC in male Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized by halothane inhalat...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00623.2006
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The centre médian-parafascicular (CM-Pf) complex is located at the posterior intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus and forms part of the nonspecific thalamocortical projection system and the internal circuit of the basal ganglia. However, the functional roles of this complex remain to be fully elucidated. Here we have e...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.87.6.3090
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Facial flushing in rosacea is often induced by trigger events. However, trigger causation mechanisms are currently unclear. This study tested the central hypothesis that rosacea causes sympathetic and axon reflex-mediated alterations resulting in trigger-induced symptomatology. Twenty rosacea patients and age/sex-matc...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00458.2015
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A desirable goal of functional MRI (fMRI), both clinically and for basic research, is to produce detailed maps of cortical function in individual subjects. Single-subject mapping of the somatotopic hand representation in the human primary somatosensory cortex (S1) has been performed using both phase-encoding and block...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00499.2012
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The location of the human nociceptive area(s) near the Sylvian fissure is still controversial in spite of evidence from imaging and evoked potential studies that noxious heat stimuli activate somatosensory areas in that region. Some studies have suggested the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) on the upper bank of t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00772.2002
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::At many glutamatergic synapses, non-N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and NMDA receptors are coexpressed postsynaptically. In the mammalian retina, glutamatergic rod bipolar cells are presynaptic to two rod amacrine cells (AII and A17) that constitute dyad postsynaptic partners opposite each presynaptic active zone. Whereas...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00947.2015
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental and clinical evidence indicates that pain can affect cognitive processes, but the cortical networks involved in pain-cognition interactions are unclear. In this study, we determined the effect of pain on the activity of cortical areas involved in cognition acting as a whole (i.e., a network). Subjects und...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01210.2006
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saccadic eye movements of different sizes and directions are represented in an orderly topographic map across the intermediate and deep layers of the superior colliculus (SC), where large saccades are encoded caudally and small saccades rostrally. Based on experiments in the cat, it has been suggested that saccades ar...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.87.6.2778
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine whether subjects who have learned a skilled locomotor task can transfer the acquired performance to conditions involving either a change in the external coordinates or in the sensory input from one leg. Subjects were trained to step over an obstacle with minimal foot clearance with...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00397.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of 17 cats to discriminate floor temperatures 2-4 degrees C below the ambient temperature was tested before and after unilateral electrolytic thalamic lesions. The lesions were made contralateral to the paws showing better performance in the temperature discrimination task. They were aimed at one or more o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.2.611
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our perception of the positions of objects in our surroundings is surprisingly unaffected by movements of the eyes, head, and body. This suggests that the brain has a mechanism for maintaining perceptual stability, based either on the spatial relationships among visible objects or internal copies of its own motor comm...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00288.2011
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Ca(2+)-dependent K+ currents were studied in large pyramidal neurons (Betz cells) from layer V of cat sensorimotor cortex by use of an in vitro brain slice and single microelectrode voltage clamp. The Ca(2+)-dependent outward current was taken as the difference current obtained before and after blockade of Ca2+ inf...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1992.67.1.216
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00