Abstract:
:In this paper, we describe a protocol to obtain a site-directed mutants in thepsbA gene ofChlamydomonas reinhardtii, which overcomes several drawbacks of previous protocols, and makes it possible to generate a mutant within a month. Since the large size of the gene, and the presence of four large introns has made molecular genetics of thepsbA gene rather unwieldy, we have spliced all of the exons of thepsbA gene by PCR to facilitate genetic manipulation and sequencing of the gene. The resultant construct (plasmid pBA153, with several unique restriction sites introduced at exon boundaries) carried 1.2 and 1.8 kb intact sequences from the 5'- and 3'-flanking regions, respectively. The plasmid was used to transform a D1-deletion mutant and was found to complement the deletion and restore photosynthetic activity. In addition, a bacterialaadA gene conferring spectinomycin resistance (spe (r)) was inserted downstream of the intron-freepsbA gene, to give construct pBA155. This allowed selection of mutant strains deficient in photosynthesis by using spectinomycin resistance, and eliminated the possibility of selection for revertant strains which is a consequence of having to use photosynthetic activity as a selection pressure. Finally, pBA155 was used to construct pBA157, in which additional restriction sites were inserted to facilitate cassette mutagenesis for generation of mutations in spans thought to be involved in donor-side interactions. AllpsbA deletion strains transformed with intron-freepsbA-aadA constructs encoding the wild-type D1 sequence, and screened on spectinomycin plates for thespe (r) phenotype, were able to grow photosynthetically, and all showed identical kinetics for electron transfer from primary (QA) to secondary quinone (QB) in Photosystem II, as assayed by the decay of the high fluorescence yield on oxidation of the reduced primary acceptor (QA (-)).
journal_name
Photosynth Resjournal_title
Photosynthesis researchauthors
Minagawa J,Crofts ARdoi
10.1007/BF02187123subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-11-01 00:00:00pages
121-31issue
2eissn
0166-8595issn
1573-5079journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Heliobacteria are a recently discovered group of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria, first described in 1983. Heliobacteria contain bacteriochlorophyll g, a pigment unique to species of this group, and synthesize the simplest photosynthetic complexes of all known phototrophs. Also, unlike all other phototrophs, heliobac...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-009-9516-1
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Light-harvesting Chl a/b protein complexes were isolated from the higher plant Sinapis alba, the green alga Chlorella fusca, and the prasinophycean alga Mantoniella squamata by mild gel electrophoresis. The energy transfer from chlorophyll b and the accessory xanthophyll was measured by means of fluoresence spectrosco...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00035234
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The problem of predicting the kinetics of proton efflux and the decay of the internal proton concentration for vesicles containing one or more buffers for which the internal proton concentration is initially higher than that of the surrounding medium is examined. An analytical solution is derived that describes the ti...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00019150
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peridinin-chlorophyll-protein (PCP), containing differently absorbing chlorophyll derivatives, are good models with which to study energy transfer among monomeric chlorophylls (Chls) by both bulk and single-molecule spectroscopy. They can be obtained by reconstituting the N-terminal domain of the protein (N-PCP) with ...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-007-9277-7
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a theoretical study of excitation dynamics in the chlorosome antenna complex of green photosynthetic bacteria based on a recently proposed model for the molecular assembly. Our model for the excitation energy transfer (EET) throughout the antenna combines a stochastic time propagation of the excitonic wave ...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-014-9978-7
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of temperatures between 15 and 50°C on the light utilization efficiency of leaf net photosynthesis was studied in two C4 grasses and two C3 legumes. In the legumes, light utilization efficiency (μ mol of CO2 fixed per μ Einstein of incident photosynthetic quantum flux) declined linearly with temperature bet...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00034267
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The photoenzymatic cycle of the light-dependent NADPH:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (LPOR) was investigated in situ during early stages of development of bean leaves under light-dark cycles (LDC). In the experimental system used in this study, prolamellar bodies developed during night periods and disappeared duri...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-007-9274-x
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of Fe resupply to Fe-deficient plants have been investigated in hydroponically-grown sugar beet. In the short-term (24 h) after Fe resupply, major changes were observed, although de novo chlorophyll (Chl) synthesis had not begun yet. Approximately 50% of the zeaxanthin was converted into violaxanthin, wher...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/B:PRES.0000011919.35309.5e
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many ways, the 1963 conference at Airlie House was an unusual event. The meeting convincingly demonstrated that photosynthetic research, previously reported mostly at conferences of botany and/or plant physiology, had become an independent and important field of biological research. New techniques had been develope...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/B:PRES.0000030427.35645.5c
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study of the absorption and fluorescence characteristics of the D1/D2/cytb-559 reaction centre complex of Photosystem II has been carried out by gaussian decomposition of absorption spectra both at room temperature and 72 K and of the room temperature fluorescence spectrum. A five component fit was found in which th...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02183048
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it has been believed that wild-type plants are capable of protecting photosystem I (PSI) under high light, our previous study indicates that PSI is sensitive to high light in the shade-established tree species Psychotria rubra. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we ex...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-016-0275-5
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brownian Dynamics (BD) computer simulations were used to study electrostatic interactions between turnip cytochrome f (cyt f) and spinach plastocyanin (PC). Three different spinach PC structures were studied: The X-ray crystal structure of Xue and coworkers [(1998) Protein Sci 7:2099-2105] and the NMR structure of Mus...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-007-9192-y
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marine macroalgae possess a range of mechanisms to increase the availability of CO2 for fixation by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. Of these, possession of a periplasmic or external carbonic anhydrase and the ability to use bicarbonate ions is widely distributed. The mechanisms of carbon acquisition w...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-014-0003-y
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oxidation kinetics under far-red light (FRL) of photosystem I (PSI) high potential donors P700, plastocyanin (PC), and cytochrome f (Cyt f) were investigated in sunflower leaves with the help of a new high-sensitivity photometer at 810 nm. The slopes of the 810 nm signal were measured immediately before and after ...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-007-9224-7
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various techniques of electron microscopy (EM) such as ultrathin sectioning, freeze-fracturing, freeze-etching, negative staining and (cryo-)electron crystallography of two-dimensional crystals have been employed, since now, to obtain much of the structural information of the Photosystem II (PS II) pigment-protein com...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1024927631196
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of photosynthetic pigments in the development of separation methods in biochemistry during the period 1900-1980 is described beginning with M. Tswett who introduced separation of chlorophylls and carotenoids on columns and coined the term chromatography in 1906. In Uppsala, T. Svedberg developed the ultracent...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1024944606930
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three Chl-protein complexes were isolated from thylakoid membranes of Bryopsis maxima and Ulva pertusa, marine green algae that inhabit the intertidal zone of the Pacific Ocean off the eastern coast of Japan by dodecyl-beta-D-maltoside polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The slowest-moving fractions showed low Chl a/b...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-006-9064-x
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mike Wasielewski's pioneering work on Photosystem II photochemistry has an important place in the history of photosynthesis; we are proud to have been associated with him in making those first measurements. Here, we present our association and publications with him, and provide some of the history behind this research...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-009-9505-4
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Species in the Laxa and Grandia groups of the genus Panicum are adapted to low, wet areas of tropical and subtropical America. Panicum milioides is a species with C3 photosynthesis and low apparent photorespiration and has been classified as a C3/C4 intermediate. Other species in the Laxa group are C3 with normal phot...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00024189
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The excitation energy transfer between carotenoid and chlorophyll (Chl) in the cytochrome b ( 6 ) f complex from Bryopsis corticulans (B. corticulans), in which the carotenoid is 9-cis-alpha-carotene, was investigated by means of fluorescence excitation and sub-microsecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopies. The ...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-005-9020-1
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flash-induced absorbance measurements at 830 nm on both nanosecond and microsecond timescales have been used to characterise the effect of ultraviolet light on Photosystem II core particles. A combination of UV-A and UV-B, closely simulating the spectrum of sunlight below 350 nm, was found to have a primary effect on ...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00029424
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, two main concepts guided research into possible mechanisms of light-induced atomic rearrangements in oxygenic photosynthesis: Photodecomposition of CO2 and photodecomposition of water. Both concepts envisioned photoinduced transfers of cumbersome whole atoms and not, as is currently held, photoinduced el...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00036216
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effect of chemical oxidation by ferricyanide on bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson protein (FMO) was studied using absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy at ambient and cryogenic temperatures. Partially selective oxidation of pigments bound to the antenna complex was achieved and the probable...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11120-013-9878-2
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Application of target theory to the photoinactivation of Photosystem II in pea leaf discs (Park et al. 1995, 1996a,b) reveals that there is a critical light dosage below which there is complete photoprotection and above which there is photoinactivation (i.e a light-induced loss of oxygen flash yield). The critical dos...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00018219
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid procedure has been developed for the isolation of the photosystem two reaction centre complex (PS II RC) from a double mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, F54-14, which lacks the Photosystem one complex and the chloroplast ATPase. Thylakoid membranes are solubilised with 1.5% (w/v) Triton X-100 and the PS II ...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00042974
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase fromEuglena gracilis decays steadily when exposed to agents that induce oxidative modification of cysteine residues (Cu(2+), benzofuroxan, disulfides, arsenite, oxidized ascorbate). Inactivation takes place with a concomitant loss of cysteine sulfhydryl g...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02185411
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 is an alpha-3 purple nonsulfur eubacterium with an extensive metabolic repertoire. Under anaerobic conditions, it is able to grow by photosynthesis, respiration and fermentation. Photosynthesis may be photoheterotrophic using organic compounds as both a carbon and a reducing source, or ph...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1013831823701
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bioenergetic properties of thylakoids from plants submitted to a water stress stress (watering stopped for 6-15 days) have been measured in two lupin genotypes characterized as resistant or susceptible to drought. This energy coupling was assessed by flow-force relationships relating the phosphorylation rate to the ma...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00035944
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A computer model comprising light reactions in PS II and PS I, electron-proton transport reactions in mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts, all enzymatic reactions and most of the known regulatory functions of NADP-ME type C(4) photosynthesis has been developed as a system of differential budget equations for inte...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1010695402963
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::For maximal rates of CO2 assimilation in isolated intact spinach chloroplasts the generation of the adequate NADPH/ATP ratio is achieved either by cyclic electron flow around photosystem I or by linear electron transport to oxaloacetate, nitrite or oxygen (Mehler-reaction). The interrelationships between these poising...
journal_title:Photosynthesis research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00019060
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00