Abstract：
:The evidence from animal studies indicates that organic extracts of diesel particulate are mutagenic and carcinogenic. Of four animal inhalation studies, two have been positive and two have been largely negative. The most recent data indicate that inhalation studies may be positive only with high doses of exhaust. Human studies of diesel-exposed occupations have been inconclusive. These studies have focused on truck drivers, bus drivers and garage workers, railroad workers, and heavy equipment operators. Most human studies have not been able to estimate exposure to diesel exhaust. Negative studies have frequently suffered from insufficient potential latency. Positive studies have often failed to control for smoking, and have sometimes involved confounding occupational exposures. In general, the occupational epidemiology of diesel-exposed workers is made difficult by the fact that many of the suspected toxic components of diesel-exhaust are also present in cigarette smoke and in ambient air. There are two ongoing epidemiologic studies in the United States, focusing on railway workers and truck drivers, which attempt to overcome prior difficulties. Preliminary data from the study of truck drivers indicates an excess of lung cancer among workers in the trucking industry compared to the U.S. population, but these data need to be controlled for smoking and analyzed according to diesel exposure.
journal_name
Am J Ind Medjournal_title
American journal of industrial medicineauthors
Steenland Kdoi
10.1002/ajim.4700100208subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
177-89issue
2eissn
0271-3586issn
1097-0274journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The oil and gas extraction industry is rapidly growing due to horizontal drilling and high volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF). This growth has provided new jobs and economic stimulus. The industry occupational fatality rate is 2.5 times higher than the construction industry and 7 times higher than general industry; ho...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/ajim.22316
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pressure from the vinyl chloride (VC) industry on researchers involved in industry-sponsored studies and on regulatory agencies has been documented since 1970s. This commentary describes the influence of a lawsuit pursued by workers of an Italian VC plant on the recent scientific debate on VC exposure and risk of hepa...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20941
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Exposure in the dental environment can increase the risk of respiratory disease in dental healthcare workers (HCWs). This study investigated the prevalence of asthma phenotypes in dental HCWs and associated risk factors. METHODS:A cross-sectional study of 454 dental HCWs in five dental institutions in South...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22041
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There have long been case reports linking silica exposure to a variety of autoimmune diseases (systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, chronic renal disease). Evidence of this association in larger epidemiologic studies has been increasing in the last decade. We summarize this evidence here, and present some ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700280505
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Radiographic shadows of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) are commonly described as predominantly in the upper lung zones. METHODS:We evaluated the lung distribution of small opacities on surveillance chest radiographs (CXRs) taken between 1981 and 2010 among 2,467 underground US coal miners. All had evide...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22049
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate indoor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in bars and restaurants and identify the main determinants of airborne PAH concentrations. METHODS:This study included 57 bars/restaurants in Santiago, Chile. PAH concentrations (ng/m(3) ) were measured using photoelectric aerosol sensor...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22616
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Experimental long-term carcinogenicity bioassays conducted on rats and mice proved that ionizing radiation can induce a variety of tumor types. However few studies have been conducted on rats. METHODS:This report deals with the effects of γ-radiation in groups of 416-1,051 6-weeks old Sprague-Dawley rats ex...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22391
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Potential exposures to extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields were investigated in response to worker concerns about an apparent increased spontaneous abortion risk in a payroll office environment. Concern in this office centered on the use of video display terminals (VDTs), which have been investigated as a po...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700250204
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Silicosis is a progressive lung disease resulting from the inhalation of respirable crystalline silica. Lung transplantation is the only treatment for end-stage silicosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the survival experience following lung transplantation among patients with silicosis. METHODS:We re...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22687
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined mortality to December 31, 1989 in a cohort of 2,222 males employed between 1947 and 1975 at a transformer manufacturing plant in Canada, where there had been extensive use of transformer fluid, some containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). A combined cohort list of 2,222 names was independently...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700250310
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) among construction workers remain high. Participatory ergonomics (PE) interventions that engage workers and employers in reducing work injury risks have shown mixed results. METHODS:Eight-six workers from seven contractors participated in a PE program. A logic m...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22586
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an epidemiologic study of 6,359 oil shale workers, 1,664 (46.7%) of 3,566 survivors were investigated. No excess of skin disease (as reported in response to a questionnaire) was found in men exposed to oil or dust, whether compared to men who were not exposed to oil or dust or to coalminers. A low prevalence of sim...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700090503
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Climate change is a natural phenomenon that has been intensified due to increased emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). It has become an indispensable issue in international negotiations related to global sustainability and is deeply related to the overall status of environmental health in our planet. METHOD...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22051
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We applied the well-established, but rather under-utilized, indicator of Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) to estimate the global burden of mesothelioma and asbestosis. METHODS:We analyzed all deaths caused by mesothelioma and asbestosis that were reported by 82 and 55 countries, respectively, to the Worl...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22206
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Approximately 25-30% of nursing personnel experience knee pain (KP). We sought to identify physical and psychosocial work exposures, and personal factors related to prevalent, incident, and persistent KP 5-8 years after safe resident handing program (SRHP) implementation in nursing homes. METHODS:Health and ex...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22902
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report describes the reanalysis of a cross-sectional study of asthma in a large cohort of autoworkers with exposure to metalworking fluids (MWF). There is strong evidence from case reports, clinical studies, and medical surveillance data that exposure to MWF can cause asthma, yet no association was found in the o...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199706)31:6<671::aid-ajim1
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A microcomputer system for on-lone analysis of saccadic and smooth-pursuit tracking eye movements is described. Results from a longitudinal study of lead workers and matched controls reveal a consistent decrease in saccade accuracy in the lead workers compared to the controls. Saccade peak velocity and latency and smo...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700010112
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the investigation was to study whether laboratory work or other types of chemical work at one petrochemical plant were associated with an increased risk for miscarriage or reduced birthweight. The study was based on questionnaire data for 95% of the women working at the plant between 1973 and 1987. A statis...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700160507
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Case reports have identified hydrofluoric acid (HF) as causing fatal work injury, and HF has both local and systemic toxicity. Surveillance for HF-related mortality is problematic because of the lack of unique coding for this acid in hospital records and vital statistics. METHODS:We identified HF-related fa...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.1090
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Due to the aging population and a shift to patient home care, home health aides (HHAs) are a fast-growing occupation. Since little is known about workplace risk factors for back injuries among HHAs, we examined the role of ergonomic and psychosocial factors in injury reporting among HHAs. METHODS:We used th...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22197
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There are few population-based studies addressing hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in the United States. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has nationally comprehensive longitudinal mortality data that can contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology of HP. METHOD...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20405
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Construction workers move frequently from jobsite to jobsite, yet little is documented about length of stay on-site and associations with worker characteristics. METHOD:Using cross-sectional data, we investigated associations between worker characteristics (including trade and musculoskeletal pain) and leng...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22461
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was performed in 17 female workers employed in a latex glove manufacturing plant. The mean age of these workers was 42 years and the mean duration of their employment was 19 years. The employees were primarily nonsmokers or light smokers. The presence of chronic respiratory symptoms and acute work-related symp...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199802)33:2<175::aid-ajim9
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:OSHA regulations require that workers receive medical clearance prior to respirator use, and recently, a detailed questionnaire has been provided to assist with this purpose. However, there are limited published data on the sensitivity and specificity of self-administered questionnaires for identifying indiv...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199904)35:4<395::aid-ajim1
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There are very few published studies evaluating the impact of safety and health training on injury outcomes in the construction industry. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the training program on injury rates at a major railway construction project. METHODS:The population consisted of 2,795 ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20770
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Assess the national prevalence of current workplace exposure to potential skin hazards, secondhand smoke (SHS), and outdoor work among various industry and occupation groups. Also, assess the national prevalence of chronic workplace exposure to vapors, gas, dust, and fumes (VGDF) among these groups. METHODS:...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22089
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An association between bladder cancer and employment as an artistic painter was found in two study populations. A proportionate mortality analysis of death certificates of professional artists indicated a greater than twofold excess for bladder cancer mortality among painters. This association was further investigated...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700090311
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Knowledge on intrapulmonary lymph nodes (IPLNs) is still limited. Progress in imaging techniques has enabled easier, more frequent visualization of IPLNs so that a more comprehensive understanding of these nodes is necessary. METHODS:Microscopic slides of lung tissue from 2,337 dust-exposed South African mi...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20436
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cigarette smoke and asbestos are recognized causes of lung carcinoma and together promote carcinogenesis. Adenocarcinoma is currently the most common cause of lung cancer in the USA and it has been linked to both smoking and asbestos exposure. Mutations in the epidermal growth factor gene receptor (EGFR) occ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22691
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：METHODS:We used a population-based sample of 403 Parkinson's disease cases and 405 controls to examine risks by occupation. Results were compared to a previous clinic-based analysis. RESULTS:With censoring of jobs held within 10 years of diagnosis, the following had significantly or strongly increased risks: social sc...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22272
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
