Abstract：
:In The Gambia, insecticide impregnation of bed nets, used alone or combined with Maloprim, reduced morbidity and mortality from malaria amongst children between one and 4 years of age. Taking expenditure of both time and money by public authorities and village volunteers into account, the costs and cost-effectiveness of each intervention were estimated. Bed net impregnation alone and the combined strategy cost US $5.65 and US $7.49 per child-year protected respectively (1990 figures). Insecticide (and drugs) accounted for more than 80% of the costs of each intervention strategy. They were both highly cost-effective. Estimated costs per death and per clinical episode of malaria averted were US $188 and US $28 for bed net impregnation and $257 and $19 for impregnation combined with chemoprophylaxis. Estimated costs per healthy year of life saved, discounted at 3%, were US $7.90 and US $10.84.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
Picard J,Aikins M,Alonso PL,Armstrong Schellenberg JR,Greenwood BM,Mills Adoi
10.1016/0035-9203(93)90176-qsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-06-01 00:00:00pages
53-7eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503journal_volume
87 Suppl 2pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In the global effort to eliminate lymphatic filariasis, annual mass treatments are conducted with diethylcarbamazine (DEC) or ivermectin, combined with albendazole. The success of this strategy depends on achieving high levels of drug coverage, which reduces the number of persons with circulating microfilariae so that...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(03)80006-8
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have shown previously that baboons (Papio anubis) develop high levels (greater than 80%) of protection against challenge infection following immunization with Schistosoma haematobium cercariae irradiated with 20 krad. In the present study baboons were immunized with schistosomula irradiated with either 20 krad or 6...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(90)90393-s
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Rio de Janeiro (RJ) has been of major importance for the epidemiology of dengue viruses (DENVs) in Brazil. After the DENV 1-4 introductions in 1986, 1990, 2000 and 2011, respectively, the state has suffered explosive epidemics. We aimed to describe laboratorial, epidemiological and clinical aspects due to th...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trv006
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical and epidemiological features of 62 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, from Pará State, Amazonian Brazil, are discussed. The parasite, isolated in hamster skin and/or blood-agar culture medium, was in each case identified by both biological characteristics and a mo...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(91)90437-4
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Quinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics, which are used for the treatment of different infectious diseases associated with Enterobacteriaceae. During recent decades, the wide use as well as overuse of quinolones against diverse infections has led to the emergence of quinolone-resistant bacterial strains. H...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/traa041
更新日期：2020-10-05 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Turkey has a national tuberculosis (TB) control program that follows the standards set by the World Health Organization's (WHO) global TB control program. METHODS:In this record-based retrospective study, contact screening and chemoprophylaxis of 469 TB contacts registered at the Samsun Tuberculosis Dispens...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trz008
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both northern and southern Sudan are deploying artemisinin-based combinations against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria (artesunate+sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine [AS+SP] in the north, artesunate+amodiaquine [AS+AQ] in the south). In 2003, we tested the efficacy of 3 day AS+SP and AS+AQ regimens in vivo in the is...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.10.003
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this experiment was to assess the utility of a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for diagnosis of giardiasis in archaeological human remains. The kit, a monoclonal antibody assay, is used to detect the presence of Giardia-specific antigen 65 (GSA65) in human faeces. ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90337-8
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mapping an area at risk of epidemics of meningococcal meningitis in Africa has significant implications for their prevention and case treatment, through the targeted development of improved surveillance systems and control policies. Such an area was described using information obtained from published and unpublished r...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90089-1
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During a five-year period, 45 Nigerians with radiographic appearances of diffuse pulmonary infiltration with at least six sputum specimens negative on culture for tubercule bacilli were investigated at University College Hospital, Ibadan. The value of pulmonary function studies and open or closed lung biopsy in discov...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(79)90171-8
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Defaecation timing of the Triatominae vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi directly affects the transmission probability of Chagas disease to mammal hosts. Experimental studies with fifth instar nymphs of Triatoma infestans showed that defaecation time was negatively affected by blood meal size and positively affected by star...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(91)90462-8
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reports the morphological and biochemical characterization of the species of Schistosoma infecting humans in the Republic of São Tomé and Principe. The eggs are typical in shape and size of S. intercalatum, measuring on average between 174.5 microns and 189.1 microns. The eggs are voided in the faeces and n...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90441-3
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diarrhoeal diseases are a major cause of malnutrition, partly due to poor dietary practices. Misconceptions among the general population and medical personnel lead to withholding of food or avoiding the use of nutritious, locally available and affordable foods. Breast-feeding should not be interrupted during diarrhoea...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(91)90138-o
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated whether the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performed with aspirates of bone marrow or lymph node can be used as a test of cure of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Sixty-one VL patients who had received supervised treatment with sodium stibogluconate in the health centre of Médecins sans Frontières (MSF) H...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(98)91063-x
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using two serological techniques, eight Nigerian West Nile virus isolates were investigated to determine antigenic relationships among them, and to find out if these virus isolates were related to West Nile virus strains from the different zoogeographic areas of the world. One virus differed significantly from the sev...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(76)90175-9
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To help to elucidate the changes induced by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in the central nervous system (CNS) in advanced sleeping sickness patients, levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and prostaglandins D2 (PGD2) and E2 (PGE2) were measured by radioimmunoassay in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 24 patients diagnosed on...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(90)90085-s
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last decades there has been an increase in cases of visceral leishmaniasis complicating the post-transplant phase, mainly following kidney transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reactivity of haemodialysed patients using IFAT. Blood samples of 310 individuals from Natal, RN, Brazil, were col...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.01.003
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interest in medicinal plants has increased in recent years. This article examines the history of medicinal plant research through a case study of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) over the past 100 years. Papers published by members of the School and documents in the School archives show a flu...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.11.017
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:By microinjection of cryopreserved microfilariae (mf) into nulliparous flies, a comparison of the lengths of the infective larvae (L3) of Onchocerca volvulus and O. ochengi from the head of Simulium damnosum s.l. (presumed S. sirbanum) has been made. The suitability of S. sirbanum as a host was similar for both Onchoc...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(92)90443-g
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The in vitro effect of pyrimethamine (PYR) on human blood mononuclear cells stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) was studied by 14C-thymidine incorporation, by cell counting and by total DNA estimation. PYR in concentrations 10 times high...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(86)90040-4
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using Toxocara canis larva-specific antigens was used to confirm a presumptive clinical diagnosis of visceral larva migrans in patients whose serum specimens were submitted to the Center for Disease Control. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(79)90077-4
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The harmful effects of malaria are most pronounced during first pregnancies and chemoprophylaxis is most effective when given at this time. However, restriction of chemoprophylaxis to first pregnancies might lead to enhanced susceptibility to malaria during second pregnancies. We have investigated this possibility by ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90228-3
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathophysiology of coma in cerebral malaria (CM) is not well understood. Obstruction of microcirculatory flow is thought to play a central role, but other hypotheses include roles for parasite- and host-derived factors such as immune mediators, and for increased blood-brain barrier permeability leading to raised i...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.11.003
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem, particularly in countries where antibiotic use is frequently not controlled. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of the molecular mechanisms of quinolone-resistance in E. coli isolated from faeces of healthy Peruvian children or those presenting...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trt106
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sera of 173 individuals living in a malaria endemic region in Upper Volta (Donsé village) were screened for the presence of 14 auto-antibodies by the indirect immunofluorescent and/or passive haemagglutination techniques. At least one auto-antibody (AAb) was detected in sera of 72% (124 out of 173) subjects. No differ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(83)90064-0
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association between infection with Schistosoma haematobium and various factors including water contact pattern, past history of haematuria and treatment for schistosomiasis and cercarial dermatitis was investigated in Southern Iraq. The study covered mainly primary schoolchildren in different areas of Basrah and i...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(87)90165-9
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An improved enzyme immunoassay technique (EIA) was used in the diagnosis of 311 suspected Russell's viper bite cases in Myanmar [Burma], 181 of whom (58%) had systemic envenoming. Russell's viper venom was detected in the sera of 175 (56.3%), cobra or green pit viper venoms in 4 (1.3%), and no venom in the remaining 1...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(91)90464-a
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum and urinary RNase activity was determined in 15 normal children and in 52 children in various clinical stages of schistosomal hepatic fibrosis. The activity of serum RNase was compared with that of serum GOT, GPT and AP. The activity of serum and urinary RNase in the different schistosomal groups was significant...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(78)90018-4
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report two patients who presented with a long-lasting febrile illness associated with pancytopenia. Both of them had evidence of hypercellular marrow with haemophagocytosis. They were confirmed as having rickettsial infections by serology and had a rapid haematological recovery with anti-rickettsial antibiotics. We...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.04.003
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy of low dose chloroquine, characteristic pattern of relapse and the relapse rate in vivax malaria after high dose primaquine were investigated in 167 Thai patients. 87 patients were allocated at random to receive 300 mg, and 80 received 450 mg of chloroquine on the first day of admission. All patients in b...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90305-0
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
