Abstract:
:The effects of regional heterogeneity on the accuracy of histological grading of gliomas are well known, but little has been reported about its implications for other diagnostic modalities. This study investigated the relationships of regional heterogeneity in tumor proliferative activity, measured by Ki-67 labeling indices (LI), and histological grades for 16 regionally sampled glioma resections. There was a strong correlation between histological grades and Ki-67 LI in individual regions (p < 0.001), and both methods demonstrated comparable heterogeneity. Heterogeneity increased with tumor grade, probably as an expression of the increased genetic instability that accompanies tumor progression. Similarly, regions with comparable proliferative activity tended to cluster, paralleling clonal expansion. Thus, both histological grading and Ki-67 LI are subject to heterogeneity-induced sampling errors that limit their diagnostic accuracy, particularly in small biopsies. However, fewer grading errors occurred when using both methods together than when using either method alone, suggesting that the use of multiple techniques may reduce the adverse effects of regional heterogeneity on diagnostic accuracy. Regional heterogeneity appears to be a ubiquitous feature of gliomas: it also has been reported in karyotype, p53 oncogene mutations, and PDGF and EGFR expression. The effects of regional heterogeneity on new methods for studying gliomas need to be considered.
journal_name
J Neuropathol Exp Neuroljournal_title
Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurologyauthors
Coons SW,Johnson PCdoi
10.1097/00005072-199311000-00008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-11-01 00:00:00pages
609-18issue
6eissn
0022-3069issn
1554-6578journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract::An A and L system of neutral amino acid transport has been demonstrated previously in cerebral microvessels in vivo and in isolated microvessels in vitro. This report describes the neutral amino acid transport properties of cultured cerebral endothelial cells and investigates the influence of astroglia on the transpor...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-198303000-00008
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and inclusion body myositis are characterized by myofiber degeneration and inflammation. The triggering factors of muscle autoaggression in these disorders are unknown, but infiltrating T cells may be activated locally and proliferate in situ...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e318177e5fd
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with a significantly increased risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). This study investigated the effects of prenatal exposure to carbon monoxide (CO), a major component of cigarette smoke, on the neuroglial and neurochemical development of the medulla in...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/59.3.218
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review surveys the rapidly increasing applications of confocal microscopy in neuropathology and related areas of experimental neurology. The ability of this new instrument to "optically section" thick samples has opened up to microscopic examination a wide range of previously difficult specimens. The basic operat...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of studies have implicated a proline-directed protein kinase, glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) in the hyperphosphorylation of tau in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Toward understanding the role of GSK-3 in the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau in AD we have found that GSK-3 is prominently present in neuronal ...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-199701000-00007
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibrosis is the main cause of irreversible nerve damage in leprosy. Phenotypic changes in Mycobacterium leprae (ML)-infected Schwann cells (SCs) have been suggested to mediate this process. We found that SC line cultures stimulated with ML upregulated transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and that TGF-β1 or ML induc...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e31828bfc60
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An experimental neuropathy in rats produced by tying loosely constrictive ligatures around one sciatic nerve has recently been shown to produce pain-related behavior that follows a reproducible time course. In the present study, we assessed the degree of thermal hyperesthesia and examined the sciatic nerves by light a...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-199305000-00006
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The changes of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and expression in experimental diabetic neuropathy have not been examined. Increases in ganglia NOS might be similar to those that follow axotomy, whereas declines in endothelial NOS (eNOS) and immunological NOS (iNOS) might explain dysfunction of microvessels or mac...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/59.9.798
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lysosomal beta-hexosaminidase consists of 2 subunits, alpha and beta. Mutations in the alpha-subunit gene cause Tay-Sachs disease, while mutations in the beta-subunit gene cause Sandhoff disease. Mice generated by targeted disruption of either the alpha- or beta-subunit genes displayed the pathological features of Tay...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Defects in synaptic development and plasticity may lead to autism. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a critical role in synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. BDNF is synthesized as a precursor, pro-BDNF, which can be processed into either a truncated form or into mature BDNF. Previous studies reported i...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e31824b27e4
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The microtubule-associated phosphoprotein, tau, is an integral component of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). The mechanism of NFT formation is unknown but aberrant phosphorylation of tau may be contributory. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaM kinase II), the mo...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-199001000-00006
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The substantia nigra is not the induction site in the brain of the neurodegenerative process underlying Parkinson disease (PD). Instead, the results of this semi-quantitative study of 30 autopsy cases with incidental Lewy body pathology indicate that PD in the brain commences with the formation of the very first immun...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/61.5.413
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two basic proteins, P1 of molecular weight 14,200 and P2 of molecular weight 12,300, purified from bovine peripheral nerve, were assayed for biological activity. The P1 protein is an exclusively neuritogenic agent, capable of producing clinical signs of experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) and histological abnormaliti...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-197501000-00004
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vanishing white matter disease (VWM) is a progressive cavitating disease of central white matter due to a deficiency of the translation initiation factor eIF2B. Oligodendrocytes appear to be numerically increased in some white matter areas, while decreased in others. We compared oligodendrocytes of cerebral, cerebella...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/63.6.618
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction of phosphatidylserine (PS), exposed on the surface of apoptotic cells and with its specific receptor (PtdSerR) expressed by microglia, is a crucial event in the recognition and clearance of apoptotic neurons. Here, we extend our previous studies in which PS-liposomes mimicking apoptotic cells were used...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/62.2.208
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD44 is a glycoprotein present on the surface of some lymphocyte cell populations and other non-lymphoid cells, and is involved in many functions related to cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. In this study, expression of CD44 antigen in primary neural cell cultures derived from fetal and adult human brains was in...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-199307000-00009
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain aging is accompanied by increased oxidative stress and what has been termed "neuroinflammation," which might contribute to age-related neurodegenerative diseases. We analyzed expression in the transcription of innate inflammatory response genes in eleven representative regions including frontal, parietal, inferi...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/nlw117
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A direct causal relationship between a human DNA virus, adeno serotype 12, and malignant transformation in target cells (sensory retinal neuronal precursors) was suggested by the development of a remarkably uniform retinoblastoma-like neoplasm in rats. In order to focus upon incipient photoreceptor differentiation, 27...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-197501000-00003
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain trauma in humans increases the risk for developing Alzheimer disease (AD) and may induce the acute formation of AD-like plaques containing amyloid beta (A beta). To further explore the potential link between brain trauma and neurodegeneration, we conducted neuropathological studies using a pig model of diffuse b...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-199909000-00008
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult male rats were housed in a colony environment for six months, with ad lib access to anise-flavored 10% ethanol in water. Animals were then removed from the colony, and their consumption of alcohol during a period in isolated housing was measured. Individual rats were scored as high, moderate, and low consumers. ...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-198309000-00009
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder that predominantly affects motor-related neuroanatomic structures. The role of microglia in MSA is unknown. To address this issue, we conducted quantitative image studies on the brains from 13 cases of MSA, comprising 8 cerebellar and 5 parkinsonian variant...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/63.1.43
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::G-protein coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) constitute a serine/threonine kinase family playing a major role in agonist-induced phosphorylation and desensitization of G-protein coupled receptors. Recently, GRK2 and GRK5 have been demonstrated to phosphorylate alpha-synuclein (Ser129) and other synuclein isoforms. We stu...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.jnen.0000248542.82681.12
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of hypoglycemia on cerebrovascular permeability to a protein, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), were studied in mice given 3 or 8 units of crytalline zinc insulin intraperitoneally. HRP (10 mg in 0.1 ml saline) was injected intravenously 15 to 20 minutes prior to sacrifice. Both mildly and severely hypoglycemi...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-198005000-00004
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injury to neonatal nerves, unlike adult nerves, results in poor regeneration and extensive motoneuron death. We examined whether exposure to a more mature nerve environment could rescue axotomized motoneurons following neonatal injury. The sciatic nerve in 1 hindlimb of 3-day-old (P3) rats was transected and the cut e...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/62.1.75
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are phenotypic and functional differences between vascular endothelium from different tissues and between microvascular and macrovascular endothelial cells (ECs) from the same tissue. Relatively little is known about the human blood-nerve barrier (BNB). We report the development of an in vitro BNB model using pr...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181c84a9a
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 63 patients with malabsorption syndromes, 16 with congenital biliary atresia (BA) and 47 with cystic fibrosis (CF), axonal dystrophy in the gracile nucleus (ADG) was studied. Of the 16 patients with BA, ADG of considerable severity was observed in all 10 over one year of age. Of the 47 patients with CF, it was obse...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-198009000-00007
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prognosis of gliomas is generally poor since these tumors elude established therapeutic approaches. Immunotherapy might present an effective therapy in particular because the glioma cells are diffusely dispersed in the infiltration zone of the tumor and show a strong propensity to invade the surrounding brain alon...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181a2afa0
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of diffuse or primitive senile plaques in the neocortex of cognitively normal elderly at autopsy has been presumed to represent normal aging. Alternatively, these patients may have developed dementia and clinical Alzheimer disease (AD) if they had survived. In this setting, these patients could be subject...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-199812000-00009
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review the newest advances related to seeking the pathogenic mechanism(s) of sporadic inclusion-body myositis (s-IBM) and present the pathologic diagnostic criteria of s-IBM. We discuss the possible pathogenic role of several themes, such as 1) increased amyloid-beta precursor protein (AbetaPP) and of its fragment ...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jnen/60.1.1
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The light and electron microscopic features of an unique retroperitoneal ganglioneuroblastoma in a four-year-old female are described. The unprecedented concurrence of Hirano, zebra, membranous cytoplasmic (MCB), and Pick bodies in the same population of neoplastic, sympathetic ganglion cells provides further evidence...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-197601000-00002
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00