Signal delay and input synchronization in passive dendritic structures.

Abstract:

:1. A novel approach for analyzing transients in passive structures called "the method of moments" is introduced. It provides, as a special case, an analytic method for calculating the time delay and speed of propagation of electrical signals in any passive dendritic tree without the need for numerical simulations. 2. Total dendritic delay (TD) between two points (y, x) is defined as the difference between the centroid (the center of gravity) of the transient current input, I, at point y[tI(y)] and the centroid of the transient voltage response, V, at point x [tV(x)]. The TD measured at the input points is nonzero and is called the local delay (LD). Propagation delay, PD(y, x), is then defined as TD(y, x)--LD(y) whereas the net dendritic delay, NDD(y, 0), of an input point, y, is defined as TD(y, 0) - LD(0), where 0 is the target point, typically the soma. The signal velocity at a point x0 in the tree, theta(x0), is defined as [1/(dtv(x)/dx)[x = x0. 3. With the use of these definitions, several properties of dendritic delay exist. First, the delay between any two points in a given tree is independent of the properties (shape and duration) of the transient current input. Second, the velocity of the signal at any given point (y) in a given direction from (y) does not depend on the morphology of the tree "behind" the signal, and of the input location. Third, TD(y, x) = TD(x, y), for any two points, x, y. 4. Two additional properties are useful for efficiently calculating delays in arbitrary passive trees. 1) The subtrees connected at the ends of any dendritic segment can each be functionally lumped into an equivalent isopotential R-C compartment. 2) The local delay at any given point (y) in a tree is the mean of the local delays of the separate structures (subtrees) connected at y, weighted by the relative input conductance of the corresponding subtrees. 5. Because the definitions for delays utilize difference between centroids, the local delay and the total delay can be interpreted as measures for the time window in which synaptic inputs affect the voltage response at a target/decision point. Large LD or TD is closely associated with a relatively wide time window, whereas small LD or TD imply that inputs have to be well synchronized to affect the decision point. The net dendritic delay may be interpreted as the cost (in terms of delay) of moving a synapse away from the target point.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

journal_name

J Neurophysiol

authors

Agmon-Snir H,Segev I

doi

10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.2066

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1993-11-01 00:00:00

pages

2066-85

issue

5

eissn

0022-3077

issn

1522-1598

journal_volume

70

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Quantifying the spatial extent of the corollary discharge benefit to transsaccadic visual perception.

    abstract::Extraretinal information, such as corollary discharge (CD), is hypothesized to help compensate for saccade-induced visual input disruptions. However, support for this hypothesis is largely for one-dimensional transsaccadic visual changes, with little comprehensive information on the spatial characteristics. Here we sy...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00657.2015

    authors: Jayet Bray LC,Bansal S,Joiner WM

    更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00

  • Defensive peripersonal space: the blink reflex evoked by hand stimulation is increased when the hand is near the face.

    abstract::Electrical stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist may elicit a blink reflex [hand blink reflex (HBR)] mediated by a neural circuit at brain stem level. As, in a Sherringtonian sense, the blink reflex is a defensive response, in a series of experiments we tested, in healthy volunteers, whether and how the HBR is ...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00731.2011

    authors: Sambo CF,Liang M,Cruccu G,Iannetti GD

    更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00

  • The reference frames in saccade adaptation.

    abstract::Saccade adaptation is a mechanism that adjusts saccade landing positions if they systematically fail to reach their intended target. In the laboratory, saccades can be shortened or lengthened if the saccade target is displaced during execution of the saccade. In this study, saccades were performed from different posit...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00743.2012

    authors: Zimmermann E

    更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00

  • Activity-dependent modulation of glutamatergic signaling in the developing rat dorsal horn by early tissue injury.

    abstract::Tissue injury in early life can produce distinctive effects on pain processing, but little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. Neonatal inflammation modulates excitatory synapses in spinal nociceptive circuits, but it is unclear whether this results directly from altered afferent input. Here we investigat...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00520.2009

    authors: Li J,Walker SM,Fitzgerald M,Baccei ML

    更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00

  • High precision and fast functional mapping of cortical circuitry through a novel combination of voltage sensitive dye imaging and laser scanning photostimulation.

    abstract::The development of modern neuroscience tools is critical for deciphering brain circuit organization and function. An important aspect for technical development is to enhance each technique's advantages and compensate for limitations. We developed a high-precision and fast functional mapping technique in brain slices t...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00992.2009

    authors: Xu X,Olivas ND,Levi R,Ikrar T,Nenadic Z

    更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00

  • Posttetanic hyperpolarization produced by electrogenic Na(+)-K+ pump in lizard axons impaled near their motor terminals.

    abstract::1. The hyperpolarization that follows tetanic stimulation was recorded intra-axonally from the internodal region of intramuscular myelinated motor axons. 2. The peak amplitude of the posttetanic hyperpolarization (PTH) that followed stimulation at 20-100 Hz for < or = 35 s increased with increasing train duration, rea...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.1874

    authors: Morita K,David G,Barrett JN,Barrett EF

    更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00

  • Electrophysiological properties of medium spiny neurons in the nucleus accumbens core of prepubertal male and female Drd1a-tdTomato line 6 BAC transgenic mice.

    abstract::The nucleus accumbens core (AcbC) is a striatal brain region essential for integrating motivated behavior and reward processing with premotor function. In humans and rodents, research has identified sex differences and sex steroid hormone sensitivity in AcbC-mediated behaviors, in disorders, and in rats in the electro...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00257.2018

    authors: Cao J,Dorris DM,Meitzen J

    更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00

  • Physiological studies of the precedence effect in the inferior colliculus of the cat. II. Neural mechanisms.

    abstract::We studied the responses of neurons in the inferior colliculus (IC) of cats to stimuli known to evoke the precedence effect (PE). This paper focuses on stimulus conditions that probe the neural mechanisms underlying the PE but that are not usually encountered in a natural situation. Experiments were conducted under bo...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.3.1302

    authors: Litovsky RY,Yin TC

    更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00

  • Excitatory amino acid transporters tonically restrain nTS synaptic and neuronal activity to modulate cardiorespiratory function.

    abstract::The nucleus tractus solitarii (nTS) is the initial central termination site for visceral afferents and is important for modulation and integration of multiple reflexes including cardiorespiratory reflexes. Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the nTS and is removed from the extracellular milieu by e...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.01054.2015

    authors: Matott MP,Ruyle BC,Hasser EM,Kline DD

    更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00

  • N-methyl-D-aspartate evokes rapid net depolymerization of filamentous actin in cultured rat cerebellar granule cells.

    abstract::Filamentous actin (F-actin) was measured in cultured rat cerebellum granule neurons with the use of fluorescently labeled phallotoxin as a site-specific probe for F-actin, and fluorescence microscopy. The averaged apparent intensity of soma-associated F-actin-derived fluorescence (F(app)) was measured from fixed cells...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.2.1135

    authors: Shorte SL

    更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00

  • An intracellular study of muscle primary afferents during fictive locomotion in the cat.

    abstract::1. Presynaptic activity of identified primary afferents from flexor, extensor, and bifunctional hindlimb muscles was studied with intra-axonal recordings during fictive locomotion. Fictive locomotion appeared spontaneously in decorticate cats (n = 9), with stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region (n = 4), and...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1991.65.4.914

    authors: Gossard JP,Cabelguen JM,Rossignol S

    更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00

  • NMDA and non-NMDA receptors mediate visual responses of neurons in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus.

    abstract::1. We have examined the effects of iontophoresing specific antagonists to excitatory amino acid receptors on the visual responses of cells in lamina A or A1 of the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). 2. Cells were classified as On- or Off-center, X or Y, and lagged or nonlagged. The effects of antagonists were stu...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1991.66.2.414

    authors: Kwon YH,Esguerra M,Sur M

    更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00

  • Glutamate currents in morphologically identified human dentate granule cells in temporal lobe epilepsy.

    abstract::Glutamate-receptor-mediated synaptic transmission was studied in morphologically identified hippocampal dentate granule cells (DGCs; n = 31) with the use of whole cell patch-clamp recording and intracellular injection of biocytin or Lucifer yellow in slices prepared from surgically removed medial temporal lobe specime...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.6.3355

    authors: Isokawa M,Levesque M,Fried I,Engel J Jr

    更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00

  • Target size matters: target errors contribute to the generalization of implicit visuomotor learning.

    abstract::The process of sensorimotor adaptation is considered to be driven by errors. While sensory prediction errors, defined as the difference between the planned and the actual movement of the cursor, drive implicit learning processes, target errors (e.g., the distance of the cursor from the target) are thought to drive exp...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00830.2015

    authors: Reichenthal M,Avraham G,Karniel A,Shmuelof L

    更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00

  • Changes in excitability of the cortical projections to the human tibialis anterior after paired associative stimulation.

    abstract::Paired associative stimulation (PAS) based on Hebb's law of association can induce plastic changes in the intact human. The optimal interstimulus interval (ISI) between the peripheral nerve and transcranial magnetic stimulus is not known for muscles of the lower leg. The aims of this study were to investigate the effe...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.01176.2006

    authors: Mrachacz-Kersting N,Fong M,Murphy BA,Sinkjaer T

    更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of the inhibitory response to tendon and cutaneous afferent stimulation in the human lower limb.

    abstract::A powerful early inhibition is seen in triceps surae after transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the Achilles tendon [tendon electrical stimulation (TES)]. The aim of the present study was to confirm results from surface electromyogram (SEMG) recordings that the inhibition is not wholly or partly due to stimulation...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00751.2011

    authors: Rogasch NC,Burne JA,Türker KS

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Differential roles of NMDA Receptor Subtypes NR2A and NR2B in dendritic branch development and requirement of RasGRF1.

    abstract::N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are known to regulate axonal refinement and dendritic branching. However, because NMDARs are abundantly present as tri-heteromers (e.g., NR1/NR2A/NR2B) during development, the precise role of the individual subunits NR2A and NR2B in these processes has not been elucidated. Ventr...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00823.2009

    authors: Sepulveda FJ,Bustos FJ,Inostroza E,Zúñiga FA,Neve RL,Montecino M,van Zundert B

    更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00

  • Oxygen and seizure dynamics: II. Computational modeling.

    abstract::Electrophysiological recordings show intense neuronal firing during epileptic seizures leading to enhanced energy consumption. However, the relationship between oxygen metabolism and seizure patterns has not been well studied. Recent studies have developed fast and quantitative techniques to measure oxygen microdomain...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00541.2013

    authors: Wei Y,Ullah G,Ingram J,Schiff SJ

    更新日期:2014-07-15 00:00:00

  • Enhancement of synaptic facilitation during the progression of kindling epilepsy by amygdala stimulations.

    abstract::1. A quantitative analysis of facilitation during the kindling stimulation to the amygdala was conducted by measuring the area between the excitatory potential and the baseline in the averaged tetanic response recorded at the entorhinal cortex. The changes in facilitation were then compared with the development of ele...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.2.602

    authors: Matsuura S,Hirayama K,Murata R

    更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00

  • Heterogeneity of voltage- and chemosignal-activated response profiles in vomeronasal sensory neurons.

    abstract::Liolaemus lizards were explored to ascertain whether they would make an amenable model to study single-cell electrophysiology of neurons in the vomeronasal organ (VNO). Despite a rich array of chemosensory-related behaviors chronicled for this genus, no anatomical or functional data exist for the VNO, the organ mediat...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00490.2005

    authors: Labra A,Brann JH,Fadool DA

    更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00

  • Differences in glycinergic mIPSCs in the auditory brain stem of normal and congenitally deaf neonatal mice.

    abstract::We have investigated the fundamental properties of central auditory glycinergic synapses in early postnatal development in normal and congenitally deaf (dn/dn) mice. Glycinergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) were recorded using patch-clamp methods in neurons from a brain slice preparation of the ...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00771.2003

    authors: Leao RN,Oleskevich S,Sun H,Bautista M,Fyffe RE,Walmsley B

    更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00

  • Motor cortex activation induced by a mirror: evidence from lateralized readiness potentials.

    abstract::Similar motor regions are activated during voluntarily executed or observed movements. We investigated whether observing movements of one's own hand through a mirror will generate activations in the cortical motor regions of both the moving and nonmoving hands. Using the lateralized readiness potential (LRP), an elect...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.90260.2008

    authors: Touzalin-Chretien P,Dufour A

    更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00

  • Characterization of voltage-gated K+ currents contributing to subthreshold membrane potential oscillations in hippocampal CA1 interneurons.

    abstract::CA1 inhibitory interneurons at the stratum lacunosum-moleculare and radiatum junction (LM/RAD-INs) display subthreshold membrane potential oscillations (MPOs) involving voltage-dependent Na(+) and A-type K(+) currents. LM/RAD-INs also express other voltage-gated K(+) currents, although their properties and role in MPO...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00848.2009

    authors: Morin F,Haufler D,Skinner FK,Lacaille JC

    更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00

  • Does an extraocular proprioceptive signal reach the superior colliculus?

    abstract::1. The primary functions of the superior colliculus (SC) are thought to include both the spatial localization of sensory stimuli and the initiation of an orienting response. It has been hypothesized that, in cat, both of these SC functions may be influenced by feedback from the extraocular muscles. The present investi...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1989.62.6.1360

    authors: Nelson JS,Meredith MA,Stein BE

    更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00

  • Blockade of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase does not prevent the reverse ocular dominance shift in kitten visual cortex.

    abstract::Monocular deprivation (MD) during the critical period for the development of visual cortex causes a loss of binocular response of neurons and a shift to the open eye, a normal ocular dominance (OD) shift. However, when MD is combined with chronic inactivation of the visual cortex by muscimol, the OD distribution of th...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.00313.2003

    authors: Shimegi S,Fischer QS,Yang Y,Sato H,Daw NW

    更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00

  • Changes in the electrophysiological properties of cat spinal motoneurons following the intramuscular injection of adriamycin compared with changes in the properties of motoneurons in aged cats.

    abstract::1. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of adriamycin (ADM, Doxorubicin) on the basic electrophysiological properties of spinal cord motoneurons in the adult cat. ADM was injected into the biceps, gastrocnemius, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus muscles of the left hindlimb (1.2 mg per muscle). Intra...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1995.74.5.1972

    authors: Liu RH,Yamuy J,Xi MC,Morales FR,Chase MH

    更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00

  • Short-latency crossed inhibitory responses in extensor muscles during locomotion in the cat.

    abstract::During locomotion, contacting an obstacle generates a coordinated response involving flexion of the stimulated leg and activation of extensors contralaterally to ensure adequate support and forward progression. Activation of motoneurons innervating contralateral muscles (i.e., crossed extensor reflex) has always been ...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.01274.2007

    authors: Frigon A,Rossignol S

    更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00

  • Role of cat primary auditory cortex for sound-localization behavior.

    abstract::Small lesions designed to completely destroy the cortical zone of representation of a restricted band of frequency were introduced within the primary auditory cortex (AI) in adult cats. Physiological mapping was used to guide placement of lesions. Sound-localization performance was evaluated prior to and after inducti...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1984.52.5.819

    authors: Jenkins WM,Merzenich MM

    更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00

  • Differences in inhibitory synaptic input between layer II-III and layer V neurons of the cat neocortex.

    abstract::1. The goal of this study was to compare the relative effectiveness of intrinsic inhibitory synaptic inputs in different layers of the cat motor cortex. Postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) were evoked in neurons located in the superficial (layer II-III) or deep layers (layer V) by local extracellular stimulation in vitro. ...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1995.74.3.1149

    authors: van Brederode JF,Spain WJ

    更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00

  • Response selectivity of neocortical neurons to specific odors in the rabbit.

    abstract::Odor responses of neocortical neurons in rabbits under light pentobarbital anesthesia were studied in a restricted area in the lateral half of the prefrontal cortex close to the frontal pole. A preevent cumulative sum chart provided a visual display of the change in unit discharge rate following each odor stimulation,...

    journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1152/jn.1984.52.4.638

    authors: Onoda N,Imamura K,Obata E,Iino M

    更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00