Abstract:
:Cardiovascular disease remains the number one killer in the United States and many other countries. Each year, there are enormous research efforts on its pathogenesis, prevention and treatment led by scientists worldwide. One of the most significant research areas is the impact and mechanisms of existing or new cardiovascular risk factors on the vascular system. The current review provides the most updated research advances in the area of the regulation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide (eNOS-NO) system by several cardiovascular risk factors. There are many exciting discoveries made from the studies of several major cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, cigarette smoking, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus as well as emerging risk factors such as HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy, genomic variability, and cytokines. In general, cardiovascular risk factors could impair the eNOS-NO system with a variety of molecular mechanisms including decrease in NO bioavailability by excess reactive oxygen species, inhibition of eNOS expression and activity, and deficiency of eNOS cofactors. Special attention is paid to the impact of several new or emerging risk factors on cardiovascular disease and the eNOS-NO system. These mechanistic studies are clinically significant because they may lead towards new and effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
Jamaluddin MS,Liang Z,Lu JM,Yao Q,Chen Cdoi
10.2174/13816128113196660744subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
3563-78issue
22eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286pii
CPD-EPUB-57058journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::There is an increased use of oral anticoagulants for the prevention of venous and arterial thrombosis. Vitamin-K antagonists have been used for decades as the main oral anticoagulants but they have the draback a complex therapeutic management, slow onset of action and by a different oral intake caused by dietary vitam...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190709220449
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the limited evidence about the effect of micronutrient supplementation on the semen quality, many micronutrient supplements have been used to improve male fertility. Approximately, 40%-50% of male infertility cases in general and up to 80% in men with idiopathic infertility cases are caused by oxidat...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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doi:10.2174/1381612826666200415173537
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Humans have always lived with tubercle bacilli. Host susceptibility both inherited and acquired determines whether an individual infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis will eventually fall ill and develop tuberculosis (TB). After infection with M. tuberculosis, a latent TB infection may ensue reflected by immune r...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161211797470228
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is one of the most common endocrine non-communicable metabolic disorders which is mainly caused either due to insufficient insulin or inefficient insulin or both together and is characterized by hyperglycemia. Diabetes emerged as a serious health issue in the industrialized and developing country especially i...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190716102901
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is a severe and frequent neuropsychiatric disorder. Despite antipsychotic medications, up to 30% of patients with schizophrenia still report disabling treatment-resistant symptoms. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed as a novel method to alleviate such symptoms. Here, we revi...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150619093648
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nanodelivery of therapeutics into the brain will require a step-change in thinking; overcoming the blood brain barrier is one of the major challenges to any neural therapy. The promise of nanotechnology is that the selective delivery of therapeutics can be delivered through to the brain without causing secondary d...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161207781368648
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis is a regulated process leading to cell death, which is implicated both in normal development and in various pathologies including heart failure, stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. Caspase-3, a key enzyme of the apoptotic pathway, is considered as a major target for the treatment of abnormal cell death. M...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161211795049679
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, there has been an exciting focus of research attempting to understand neuropsychiatric disorders from a holistic perspective in order to determine the role of gut microbiota in the aetiology and pathogenesis of such disorders. Thus, the possible therapeutic benefits of targeting gut microbiota are bei...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200122153541
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::650 millions of adults are obese worldwide - in the US alone, forty percent of the adults are obese. Although the obesity pandemic is constantly expanding at very high costs for health care systems, the currently available options of pharmacotherapy for obesity are rather limited. Despite intensive research efforts, t...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190708192630
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The maintenance and regulation of cellular NAD(P)(H) content and its influence on cell function involves many metabolic pathways, some of which remain poorly understood. Niacin deficiency in humans, which leads to low NAD status, causes sun sensitivity in skin, indicative of deficiencies in responding to UV damage. An...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161209787185760
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play either harmful or beneficial role in biological systems. Beneficial effects of ROS include physiological roles in cellular responses against infectious agents and in several cellular signalling pathways. Harmful effects are due to high conc...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161209789058084
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::microRNAs (miRNAs) comprise a recently discovered class of non-coding RNAs with regulatory functions in post-transcriptional gene expression control. Many miRNAs are located in genomic regions that are frequently deleted in cancer, or are subject to epigenetic and transcriptional deregulation in cancer cells. The miRN...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161213804805649
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects about 20%-30% of the general population, and its clinical relevance arises from the fact that 20%-30% of these subjects develop non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a condition at risk of cirrhosis progression. In addition NAFLD, and in particular NASH patients, are al...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, combination of different types of therapies using nanoparticles has emerged as an advanced strategy for cancer treatment. Most of all, combination of chemotherapeutic drug and siRNA in nanoformulation has shown a great potential, because siRNA-mediated specific gene silencing can compensate for the in...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150531165059
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The review describes key aspects of the synthesis and biological activities of conjugates of oligonucleotides and their analogues with synthetic peptides, in particular aimed towards gene silencing applications. The common methods of synthesis of oligonucleotide-peptide conjugates (OPCs) and PNA-peptide conjugates (PP...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161205774580769
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of the carbohydrate glucose as an energetic source is essential for an adequate function of the human body. The complex regulation of this molecule involves the coordinated action of various organs such as pancreas, liver and brain. Any disruption of this physiological balance may result in a dangerous comprom...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666151209152013
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammation is a complex pathological condition associated with exaggerated human immune system involving various activated immune cells and bio-molecules. Treatment of inflammatory diseases particularly chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease etc. has been a big challen...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161206777698945
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post-translational modification of histones is a primary mechanism through which epigenetic regulation of DNA transcription does occur. Among these modifications, regulation of histone acetylation state is an important tool to influence gene expression. Epigenetic regulation of neurodevelopment contributes to the stru...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612811319280003
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have gained considerable insight and understanding about the etiology, embryogenesis of the myocardium, genetic background, diagnosis and outcome of left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) over the last 2 decades. LVNC has a distinct morphological appearance with a thickened, two-layered myocardium consisting of an ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161282104141204143212
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thrombotic events occurring in either arteries or veins are the primary causes of fatal perioperative cardiovascular events. Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis, several of which are evidently associated with specific surgical procedures, are quite different from those for arterial thrombosis (e.g., aging or atheros...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612820666140204102044
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Preterm birth is the major cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Attempts to reduce the burden may be proactive using biochemical or biophysical prediction and preventative measures. If these efforts fail, then the approach may have to be reactive using tocolytics to inhibit spontaneous prete...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190329124214
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein palmitoylation is a fundamental and reversible post-translational lipid modification that involves a series of biological processes. Although a large number of experimental studies have explored the molecular mechanism behind the palmitoylation process, the computational methods has attracted much attention fo...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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doi:10.2174/1381612826666201112142826
更新日期:2020-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::CHD is one of the most common serious chronic conditions in postmenopausal women and leads to extremely high risk for recurrent myocardial infarction and death. On the basis of the currently available randomized clinical-trial results the role of conventional HRT for treatment and prevention of CHD is rapidly evolving...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161205774913237
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Backgound: Current drug therapy for the management of arterial hypertension and heart failure has provided substantial benefits but has also some limitations. LCZ696, a dual inhibitor of angiotensin receptor blockers and neprilysin, and finerenone, a non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, are two recentl...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170206154706
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We set up two models of gastric bleeding in rats using low-dose aspirin (ASA) and the antiplatelet drug clopidogrel, a P2Y₁₂ receptor antagonist, and examined the effect of antiulcer drugs on gastric bleeding and ulcerogenic responses under such conditions. Under urethane anesthesia, two catheters were inserted into t...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/13816128113199990418
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present review discusses the mechanism of late stent thrombosis and its distinction from restenosis and summarizes the advisory note issued by FDA on the proper usage of different treatments available for atherosclerosis. In light of the latest developments, a plethora of new stents have been and continue to be de...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161208785294573
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review summarizes some of the published attempts to incorporate protein and NMR structures in the design of new antibiotics that specifically target Cell Wall biosynthesis. Most of the steps involved in peptidglycan synthesis have been investigated as potential strategies against cell wall inhibition. Structural ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612033455305
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinic resting heart rate (RHR), is one of the cardiovascular parameters more easily measurable. In the general population RHR has been associated with total and cardiovascular mortality and higher rate of vascular events. OBJECTIVE:The case of essential hypertension is in some ways peculiar: in the past de...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170911102711
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Alzheimer's disease (AD), modification of astrocytic properties is a well-known and documented fact, but their involvement in pathophysiology has only been examined in recent years. One distinct hallmark of AD is reactive gliosis which are represented in microglial and astrocytic phenotype changes. This r...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666171004151215
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Packaging small-molecule drugs into nanoparticles improves their bio-availability, bio-compatibility and safety profiles. Multifunctional particles carrying large drug payloads for targeted transport, immune evasion and favourable drug release kinetics at the target site, require a certain minimum size usually 30-300 ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161209787002870
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00