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Brain structures selectively targeted by canine distemper virus in a mouse model infection.

Abstract：

:Paramyxoviruses such as measles virus or canine distemper virus are etiological agents for acute and chronic encephalitis (measles inclusion body encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and chronic distemper encephalitis or old dog encephalitis). The mechanisms by which viral injury leads to neurological diseases have not yet been fully elucidated. We have developed an experimental model in mice in order to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of canine distemper virus in the central nervous system. Cerebral target structures for viral replication were examined for the presence of viral material (proteins and mRNA) during the two stages of the biphasic disease. During the acute stage of infection all target areas could be identified by day 6 with a similar anatomical distribution in all the animals examined, which were either intracranially or intracerebroventricularly infected. Viral mRNA and proteins were selectively localized in certain brain structures such as the thalamus, hypothalamus, substantia nigra (pars compacta), locus ceruleus and raphe nuclei (dorsalis and centralis), and limbic system (hippocampus, septum, entorhinal and cingulate cortex, amygdala). The virus was apparently unable to replicate in cerebellum, striatum, a large part of cortex, or endothelial cells. During the subacute disease, viral material was no longer detectable except in a few structures such as hypothalamus up to 4-6 weeks after inoculation. After this time, all target structures were devoid of any labeling in spite of the occurrence of pathology (obesity, paralysis) during this viral quiescent phase. These results suggest that after the initial viral exposure, expression of viral genes in defined structures might disrupt central homeostasis and finally may lead to neurological or neuroendocrine diseases, even in the absence of the hallmarks of the virus.

journal_name

J Neuropathol Exp Neurol

journal_title

Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

authors

Bernard A,Fevre-Montange M,Bencsik A,Giraudon P,Wild TF,Confavreux C,Belin MF

doi

10.1097/00005072-199309000-00005

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1993-09-01 00:00:00

pages

471-80

issue

eissn

0022-3069

issn

1554-6578

journal_volume

pub_type

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Brain structures selectively targeted by canine distemper virus in a mouse model infection.