Abstract：
:Toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) is usually diagnosed in advanced stages of HIV infection when the CD4+ count is <100-200 cells/µl. A 55-year-old woman with HIV/AIDS, well controlled on antiretroviral therapy (ART), CD4+ count in the 300 cells/μl range for >1 year presented with acute onset of headache, nausea and vomiting. She had been on her current ART regimen consisting of raltegravir, co-formulated emtricitabine/tenofovir and etravirine for three years and had been off Pneumocystis prophylaxis for 10 months (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Brain MRI showed multiple ring-enhancing, supratentorial and infra-tentorial parenchymal lesions suspicious for metastases. She had no other evidence of metastatic disease in her body. The possibilities of TE and primary CNS lymphoma were considered but deemed unlikely given the high CD4+ count. A brain biopsy demonstrated Toxoplasma tachyzoites. There was no evidence of lymphoma or carcinoma. Anti-toxoplasma treatment yielded good initial clinical and radiographic responses. While on TE maintenance therapy, she developed similar symptoms. Repeat MRI showed progression of lesions. Further work-up including CSF Epstein-Barr virus PCR and SPECT Th 201 imaging was not conclusive for CNS lymphoma. The patient's clinical condition deteriorated and she died. We postulate that functional immunological dysfunction is a possible mechanism by which our patient developed TE despite demonstrating sustained immune response on ART.
journal_name
Int J STD AIDSjournal_title
International journal of STD & AIDSauthors
Atreya AR,Arora S,Gadiraju VT,Martagon-Villamil J,Skiest DJdoi
10.1177/0956462413506891subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-04-01 00:00:00pages
383-6issue
5eissn
0956-4624issn
1758-1052pii
0956462413506891journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:This study aimed to examine the prevalence of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) in the anal and oral mucosa of homosexual men with and without HIV infection and to correlate these findings to CD4+ count and anal cytology. Anal and oral cell samples from 20 HIV-infe...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/0956462991914762
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common neurological complications of HIV infection with a 30-60% lifetime prevalence. Newer HIV drugs cause less peripheral neuropathy, but patients are now living long enough to develop concomitant diabetes-related, vascular-related, and chemotherapy-related neuropathy so it c...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0956462416656688
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sweden was the first country to introduce online Chlamydia trachomatis testing for both men and women and this article provides information about the user characteristics and which risk groups are reached with this method. During the years 2005-2007 a questionnaire was administered with a response rate of 86% (n = 602...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/ijsa.2011.011030
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/ijsa.2008.008205
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pubic hair grooming is common in many countries, but little is known about this practice in Africa. Grooming has been positively associated with self-reported sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and safety of pubic hair grooming in two South African settings. In KwaZu...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1258/095646206777689035
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/095646240401501004
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
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更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
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更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
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更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
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更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
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更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
