Abstract:
:A phylogenetic analysis of sex-chromosomal zinc-finger genes (Zfx and Zfy) indicates that the genes have not evolved completely independently since their initial separation. The sequence similarities suggest gene conversion in the last exon between the duplicated Y-chromosomal genes Zfy-1 and Zfy-2 in the mouse. There are also indications of conversion (or recombination) between the X- and Y-chromosomal genes in the crab-eating fox and in the mouse. The method for estimating synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions is modified by incorporating the substitutions in the twofold-degenerate sites in a novel way. The estimates of synonymous substitutions support the generation-time hypothesis in that the obtained rates are higher in mice (by a factor of 4.7) than in humans and higher in the Y-chromosomal genes (by a factor of 1.9) than in the X-chromosomal genes.
journal_name
Mol Biol Evoljournal_title
Molecular biology and evolutionauthors
Pamilo P,Bianchi NOdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-03-01 00:00:00pages
271-81issue
2eissn
0737-4038issn
1537-1719journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Substitution rates at the three codon positions (r1, r2, and r3) of mammalian mitochondrial genes are in the order of r3 > r1 > r2, and the rate heterogeneity at the three positions, as measured by the shape parameter of the gamma distribution (alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3), is in the order of alpha 3 > alpha 1 > alp...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025930
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study describes the distribution of hobo-hybridizing sequences in the genus Drosophila. Southern blot analysis of 134 species revealed that hobo sequences are limited to the melanogaster and montium subgroups of the melanogaster-species group. Of the hobo-bearing species, only D. melanogaster and two of its sibli...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040625
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepcidin is a small bioactive peptide with dual roles as an antimicrobial peptide and as the principal hormonal regulator of iron homeostasis in human and mouse. Hepcidin homologs of very similar structures are found in lower vertebrates, all comprise approximately 20-25 amino acids with 8 highly conserved cysteines f...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msn056
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A central goal in biology is to determine the ways in which evolution repeats itself. One of the most remarkable examples in nature of convergent evolutionary novelty is animal venom. Across diverse animal phyla, various specialized organs and anatomical structures have evolved from disparate developmental tissues to ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa133
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isoprene is the most abundant biogenic volatile hydrocarbon compound naturally emitted by plants and plays a major role in atmospheric chemistry. It has been proposed that isoprene synthases (IspS) may readily evolve from other terpene synthases, but this hypothesis has not been experimentally investigated. We isolate...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msx178
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human histatins are a family of low-M(r), neutral to very basic, histidine-rich salivary polypeptides. They probably function as part of the nonimmune host defense system in the oral cavity. A 39-kb region of DNA containing the HIS1 and HIS2 genes was isolated from two human genomic phage libraries as a series of over...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040022
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purifying selection can substantially alter patterns of molecular evolution. Its main effect is to reduce overall levels of genetic variation, leading to a reduced effective population size. However, it also distorts genealogies relative to neutral expectations. A structured coalescent method has been used to describe...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/mss170
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ancestral homeland of Australian dingoes and Pacific dogs is proposed to be in South China. However, the location and timing of their dispersal and relationship to dog domestication is unclear. Here, we sequenced 7,000- to 2,000-year-old complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomes of 27 ancient canids (one gray wol...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msz311
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has recently been observed by Ho et al. (Ho SYW, Phillips MJ, Cooper A, Drummond AJ. 2005. Time dependency of molecular rate estimates and systematic overestimation of recent divergence times. Mol Biol Evol. 22(7):1561-1568) that apparent rates of molecular evolution increase when measured over short timespans. I i...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msl107
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have evaluated the molecular evolution of the chemokine receptor CCR5 in primates. The chemokine receptor CCR5 serves as a major co-receptor for human immunodeficiency virus/simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV/SIV) infection. Knowledge of evolution of the CCR5 molecule and selection on the CCR5 gene may shed light o...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msg198
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 20 protein-coding amino acids are found in proteomes with different relative abundances. The most abundant amino acid, leucine, is nearly an order of magnitude more prevalent than the least abundant amino acid, cysteine. Amino acid metabolic costs differ similarly, constraining their incorporation into proteins. O...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msu228
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-long terminal repeat retroelements continue to impact the human genome through cis-activity of long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) and trans-mobilization of Alu. Current activity is dominated by modern subfamilies of these elements, leaving behind an evolutionary graveyard of extinct Alu and L1 subfamilies....
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/mss202
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is widely accepted that evolutionary changes in conserved developmental signaling pathways play an important role in morphological evolution. However, few in silico studies were interested in tracking such changes in a signaling pathway. The Ectodysplasin (EDA) pathway provides an opportunity to fill this gap becau...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msn038
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has recently been claimed that older genes tend to evolve more slowly than newer ones (Alba and Castresana 2005). By simulation of genes of equal age, we show that the inverse correlation between age and rate is an artifact caused by our inability to detect homology when evolutionary distances are large. Since evol...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.1093/molbev/msj006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasticity and robustness of signaling pathways partly rely on genetic redundancy, although the precise mechanism that provides functional specificity to the different redundant elements in a given process is often unknown. In Arabidopsis, functional redundancy in gibberellin signaling has been largely attributed to t...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msq012
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimation of evolutionary distances from coding sequences must take into account protein-level selection to avoid relative underestimation of longer evolutionary distances. Current modeling of selection via site-to-site rate heterogeneity generally neglects another aspect of selection, namely position-specific amino ...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025995
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sequencing multiple copies of the ITS1 region revealed the coexistence of two or more haplotypes within the genome of Chorthippus parallelus. Using a PCR-RFLP approach, the ITS1 numbers and frequencies of haplotypes present in each of 40 individuals were investigated, revealing a consistent lack of homogeneity. For ea...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msh163
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Much like other indigenous domesticated animals, Tibetan chickens living at high altitudes (2,200-4,100 m) show specific physiological adaptations to the extreme environmental conditions of the Tibetan Plateau, but the genetic bases of these adaptations are not well characterized. Here, we assembled a de novo genome o...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msv071
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, we address the issue of estimating the phylogenetic tree based on sequence data across a set of genes. Recognizing that the individual gene trees may not all share the same evolutionary history due to lateral gene transfer or differences in rates of evolution for instance, we develop a robust algorith...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msv084
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful fertilization in free-spawning marine organisms depends on the interactions between genes expressed on the surfaces of eggs and sperm. Positive selection frequently characterizes the molecular evolution of such genes, raising the possibility that some common deterministic process drives the evolution of gam...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msl062
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Operons coding for the enzyme arsenite oxidase have been detected in the genomes from Archaea and Bacteria by Blast searches using the amino acid sequences of the respective enzyme characterized in two different beta-proteobacteria as templates. Sequence analyses show that in all these species, arsenite oxidase is tra...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msg071
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The capacity to biomineralize is closely linked to the rapid expansion of animal life during the early Cambrian, with many skeletonized phyla first appearing in the fossil record at this time. The appearance of disparate molluscan forms during this period leaves open the possibility that shells evolved independently a...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msp278
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::MADS-box genes encode a family of transcription factors which control diverse developmental processes in flowering plants ranging from root development to flower and fruit development. Through phylogeny reconstructions, most of these genes can be subdivided into defined monophyletic gene clades whose members share sim...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026243
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The degree to which an amino acid site is free to vary is strongly dependent on its structural and functional importance. An amino acid that plays an essential role is unlikely to change over evolutionary time. Hence, the evolutionary rate at an amino acid site is indicative of how conserved this site is and, in turn,...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msh194
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule consists of noncovalently associated alpha and beta chains. In mammals studied so far, the class II MHC can be divided into a number of regions, each containing one or more alpha-chain genes (A genes) and beta-chain genes (B genes), and it has been known for...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040622
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diversity of color vision systems found in extant vertebrates suggests that different evolutionary selection pressures have driven specializations in photoreceptor complement and visual pigment spectral tuning appropriate for an animal's behavior, habitat, and life history. Aquatic vertebrates in particular show h...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msz269
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current sequencing methods produce large amounts of data, but genome assemblies constructed from these data are often fragmented and incomplete. Incomplete and error-filled assemblies result in many annotation errors, especially in the number of genes present in a genome. This means that methods attempting to estimate...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/mst100
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts from cyanobacteria 2 billion years ago, the evolution of plastids has been characterized by massive loss of genes. Most plants and algae depend on photosynthesis for energy and have retained ∼110 genes in their chloroplast genome that encode components of the gene express...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msr028
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Odorant receptors (ORs) are essential for plant-insect interactions. However, despite the global impacts of Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) as major herbivores and pollinators, little functional data is available about Lepidoptera ORs involved in plant volatile detection. Here, we initially characterized the plant...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa300
更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::We show how to make appropriate likelihood ratio tests for evolutionary tree models when parameters such as edge (internodes or branches) lengths have nonnegativity constraints. In such cases, under the null model of an edge length being zero, the marginal distribution of this parameter is proven to be a "half-normal"...
journal_title:Molecular biology and evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026358
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00