Abstract:
:This article discusses exercise testing in valvular heart disease, hypertension, and the evaluation of patients for surgery. It also provides information on the effects of drugs on the exercise test and the clinical significance of block patterns and arrhythmias encountered during exercise.
journal_name
Cardiol Clinjournal_title
Cardiology clinicsauthors
Ellestad MHsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-05-01 00:00:00pages
241-52issue
2eissn
0733-8651issn
1558-2264journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Hypertensive crises, which include hypertensive emergencies and urgencies, are frequently encountered in the emergency department, and require immediate attention as they can lead to irreversible end-organ damage. Normal blood pressure (BP) regulation is altered during acute rises in BP, leading to end-organ damage. M...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2012.07.011
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because 1.1 million myocardial infarctions occur in the United States alone each year, and 450,000 of them are recurrent infarctions, which carry an inherently greater risk of death and disability than first events, the importance of secondary prevention strategies that can be implemented widely is unparalleled in hea...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2007.12.017
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemiology of IE has evolved over the past 50 years. Mitral valve prolapse and degenerative valvular disease have replaced rheumatic heart disease as the most common predisposing conditions. The average age of patients with IE has increased, and nosocomially acquired cases are becoming more common. Although viri...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70289-7
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Survivorship into adulthood of patients with congenital heart disease is due to improvements in prenatal detection, novel surgeries, and specialized adult congenital heart disease care. As patients survive further into adulthood, long-term complications of congenital and repaired physiology have been more clearly eluc...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2020.02.002
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concurrent, independent clinical series at Yale University and the University of Virginia demonstrate an important role for CABG in patients with advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy. It is found that CABG can be performed safely in these patients, both angina and congestive heart failure states improve, ejection fraction...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proarrhythmia is a potentially lethal adverse effect of antiarrhythmic drugs. Underlying mechanisms and the approaches to identification are discussed. The applicability of electrophysiologic testing is considered, with particular reference to the validity of the different responses to programmed stimulation considere...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardiologist and internist can make a major contribution to the care of patients with neurologic disease, both in terms of treating patients with symptomatic cardiac involvement and reducing mortality. This article highlights the need to recognize ECG abnormalities that may represent purely neurologic disease as w...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantification of regional myocardial blood flow and of its responses to targeted physiologic and pharmacologic interventions, which is now available with positron emitting tracers of blood flow and positron emission tomography (PET), extends the diagnostic potential of standard myocardial perfusion imaging. These non...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2008.12.009
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Except for the unique eccentricities of individual devices, most dual-chamber paced rhythms, both normal and abnormal, are readily understood and lend themselves to analysis if the programmed parameters are known. Although they may appear intimidating, this need not be the case if the physician is initially willing to...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chest pain units are now established centers for assessment of low-risk patients presenting to the emergency department with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome. Accelerated diagnostic protocols, of which treadmill testing is a key component, have been developed within these units for efficient evaluation o...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2005.08.016
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the past, much attention in imaging research was focused on the macroscopic morphology and patency of arteries. Only recently, research and clinical interest have shifted to the microcirculation and its impact on the long-term prognosis in patients with vascular diseases. This focus and newly developed therapeutic ...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8651(03)00110-3
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of mitral regurgitation (MR) severity remains complex and challenging. An integrative approach to grading MR is recommended. The use of multiple Doppler methods should be used to help discriminate between grades of severity. Importantly, MR severity should always be considered in the context of clinical dat...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2013.04.002
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elevated blood pressure can be lowered safely in the vast majority of patients by selecting the single drug most likely to be efficacious in that patient. Skillful management with full knowledge of drug pharmacology should provide the patient with the maximum opportunity to benefit from normalization of blood pressure...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Balloon floatation pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) have been used for hemodynamic monitoring in cardiac, medical, and surgical intensive care units since the 1970s. With the availability of newer noninvasive diagnostic modalities, particularly echocardiography, the frequency of diagnostic pulmonary artery catheteriz...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2013.07.008
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have indicated that women sustaining a myocardial infarction have a higher unadjusted short-term (i.e., in-hospital or 30-day) mortality than men. The advanced age of women at the time of presentation appears to be the major factor contributing to their worse prognosis relative to men. Controlling for ...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70383-0
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the growing use of continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) has improved the survival and quality of life of patients with stage D heart failure, ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents remain one of the most-feared complications of this therapy and a significant source of disability...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2018.06.007
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past decade, ambulatory monitoring of the blood pressure has become an important tool for evaluating the pharmacodynamics and clinical efficacy of antihypertensive drugs during development. Furthermore, this methodology aids physicians in practice in the assessment of blood pressure control in many subsets ...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemic heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has proved to have a causal relationship with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Lowering LDL-C improves outcomes, although some patients continue to have residual risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardi...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2017.12.002
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The merits of Holter monitor recording, intermittent event recording, and transtelephonic recording are stated, the equipment used for each method is described, and the type of data obtained is analyzed. ...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Syncope is a common but complex medical disorder with a multitude of etiologies, some of which are still not well understood. In a general population, the greatest diagnostic yield is from the history and physical examination. Numerous other diagnostic modalities include Holter monitoring, signal-averaged ECG, cardiac...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of individuals with diabetes die from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related complications. The risk of CVD is 2 to 4 fold greater in diabetes and largely magnified by co-morbidities that aggregate along with it. Sufficient evidence-based data now exist to support multifactorial risk intervention with s...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2010.11.004
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surrogate endpoints are important for validation of mechanism, early proof of concept, and the rational design of clinical trials for regulatory approval of drugs. The recent failure of several drugs in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and in atherosclerosis highlights the importance of understanding drug effect and ...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2011.04.002
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the rapid evolution of cardiovascular medicine, clinicians must sift through an enormous array of information about new therapies in order to determine how best to treat patients with ischemic heart disease. They should first consider the evidence from randomized clinical trials, because these trials eliminate b...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article briefly reviews the background and rationale for the development of polymer paving. The process of endoluminal paving is described both in its generic form as well as in three experimental embodiments. Several experimental studies with two forms of paving, solid paving and gel paving, are reviewed. Finall...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial fibrillation (AF), an escalating dysrhythmia, is accountable for extensive population morbidity and mortality. In the United States, approximately 2.3 million people are presently diagnosed with AF and it is estimated that this prevalence may increase to 5.6 million by 2050. Foremost predisposing risk factors f...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2008.09.015
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chronotropic response is the most important means by which cardiac output is increased and oxygen delivery is maintained in response to increased oxygen consumption during exercise or stress. When the chronotropic response is suboptimal or absent, exercise intolerance results. This condition, called chronotropic i...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70132-6
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic resonance imaging is unique in its variety of applications for imaging the cardiovascular system. A thorough assessment of myocardial structure, function, and perfusion; assessment of coronary artery anatomy and flow; and spectroscopic evaluation of cardiac energetics can be readily performed by magnetic reso...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70012-6
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::ACC Stage C heart failure includes those patients with prior or current symptoms of heart failure in the context of an underlying structural heart problem who are primarily managed with medical therapy. Although there is guideline-based medical therapy for those with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2013.09.012
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ideal aortic valve substitute remains elusive. Bioprosthetic valves are the replacement option of choice in elderly patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR). When implanted in young and middle-aged adults, both bioprosthetic and mechanical valves are associated with excess mortality compared with the age...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2019.09.012
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially fatal condition and includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The novel oral anticoagulants, which include the direct thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors, have been shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of VTE. Additional interventions include thrombol...
journal_title:Cardiology clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2014.09.007
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00