Abstract:
:In patients with polytrauma or major surgery, severe bacterial infections leading to septic shock and multiorgan failure are still a major cause of death. Prevention of septic shock in patients at risk would be an alternative to treatment of patients with overt septic shock. We therefore conducted a trial with the monocyte activator muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE) in an experimental pig model. Liposome encapsulated MTP-PE (50 micrograms/kg of body weight) or liposomes alone were given intravenously at 72 or 24 h before endotoxemia was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), simultaneously with the induction of endotoxin shock, or 1 h thereafter. Pretreatment with MTP-PE at 72 and 24 h before endotoxemia was induced resulted in a reduction of endotoxin shock-induced mortality from 81.8% (9 of 11 animals) in the control group to 8.3% (1 of 12 animals) of the MTP-PE-pretreated animals (P < 0.001). The administration of MTP-PE 24 h before the induction of endotoxin shock was more effective (P < 0.01) than administration of MTP-PE 72 h before endotoxemia was induced (P = 0.05). The pretreated animals did not develop fever or cardiovascular complications, and pulmonary function was significantly improved. Furthermore, the alpha-form of the soluble CD14 LPS receptor in pig serum showed a marked decrease in LPS-treated animals, and this decrease was reduced by MTP-PE pretreatment at 24 h before endotoxemia was induced. When MTP-PE was given simultaneously with the induction of septic shock or 1 h thereafter, it did not influence either mortality or morbidity. In conclusion, pretreatment of pigs with MTP-PE improves several parameters of endotoxin shock and it reduces mortality. Patients with high risk of developing septic complications might benefit from a pretreatment with this monocyte-activating substance.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Passlick B,Labeta MO,Izbicki JR,Ostertag P,Löffler T,Siebeck M,Pichlmeier U,Schweiberer L,Ziegler-Heitbrock HWdoi
10.1128/aac.39.11.2535subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-11-01 00:00:00pages
2535-40issue
11eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Small unilamellar amphotericin B liposomes can reduce the toxicity of amphotericin B. In this study, we compared the physical, antifungal, pharmocokinetic, and toxic properties of two liposomal amphotericin B products, AmBisome and Anfogen, that have the same chemical composition but are manufactured differently. In v...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00870-07
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel streptogramin A, pleuromutilin, and lincosamide resistance determinant, Vga(E), was identified in porcine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST398. The vga(E) gene encoded a 524-amino-acid protein belonging to the ABC transporter family. It was found on a multidrug resistance-conferring transpo...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00528-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current treatment of chronic hepatitis C is based on pegylated alpha interferon (PEG-IFN-α) and ribavirin. The aim of this study was to identify biological and clinical variables related to IFN therapy that could predict patient outcome. The study enrolled 47 patients treated with PEG-IFN and ribavirin combined th...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.05646-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro activities of amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and ravuconazole against 39 isolates of Trichosporon spp. were determined by the NCCLS M27-A microdilution method. The azoles tested appeared to be more potent than amphotericin B. Low minimal fungicidal concentration/MIC...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.4.1144-1146.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need for an accurate and rapid method of testing ampicillin susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae, especially strains isolated from patients with meningitis and septicemia, is indisputable. Various methods have been employed for this purpose. Each has advantages and disadvantages. This report describes a modifi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.13.2.318
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 113 patients were randomly allocated to receive either ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid (total dose, 20.8 g) or clindamycin (total dose, 2.4 g) plus amikacin (total dose, 1 g) as perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis for major head and neck surgery. The two groups were similar in age, prior antineoplastic...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.32.10.1557
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strains of Enterobacter cloacae were selected on the basis of resistance to aztreonam, ceftazidime, moxalactam, or imipenem. All strains produced the same E2 beta-lactamase, with an isoelectric point greater than 9.5 and with high hydrolytic activity in the presence of cephaloridine. Resistance to beta-lactams could n...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.27.4.555
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A clinical study was carried out to establish the influence of aluminum on the oral absorption of ofloxacin. Ten healthy volunteers were included in a crossover study based on a Latin square design. The treatments that all volunteers received were A, consisting of 400 mg of ofloxacin, and B, consisting of 400 mg of of...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.38.10.2510
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected from eight patients in five German hospitals were investigated. Six isolates produced the OXA-48 carbapenemase, and three isolates produced OXA-162, which is a point mutant form of OXA-48. Both carbapenemase genes were located on IncL/M-type conjugative p...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.05315-11
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The minimal inhibitory concentration of temocillin (BRL 17421) against 476 clinical isolates was determined by an agar dilution method. Temocillin was active against most of the Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus, and Neisseria strains tested. The compound showed low activity or was inactive against Bacteroides, Campylob...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.22.4.535
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 24 patients with hepatitic C virus (HCV) infection who participated in a randomized trial with alpha 2B interferon, HCV RNA analysis by the polymerase chain reaction with two separate primer sets was performed at weeks 0, 4, and 24 and during a follow-up period of 6 to 9 months. Prior to therapy all patients were H...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.37.3.595
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The postantibiotic subminimum inhibitory concentration effect (PA SME) may simulate in vivo drug exposure more accurately than the postantibiotic effect (PAE) since subinhibitory concentrations of drug persist between antibiotic dosings. In this study, we compared the PAEs and PA SMEs of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.5.950
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteriophage therapy is a promising alternative treatment to antibiotics, as it has been documented to be efficacious against multidrug-resistant bacteria with minimal side effects. Several groups have demonstrated the efficacy of phage suspension in vivo to treat lung infections using intranasal delivery; however, p...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01714-17
更新日期:2018-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacodynamic parameters have become increasingly important for the determination of the optimal dosing schedules of antibiotics. In this study, the postantibiotic effects (PAEs), the postantibiotic sub-MIC effects (PA SMEs), and the sub-MIC effects (SMEs) of roxithromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin on refere...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.1.221
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of the neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) level can be used to detect acute kidney injury (AKI) earlier than determination of the serum creatinine (SCr) level in settings such as cardiac surgery, contrast nephropathy, and intensive care units. We hypothesized that urine NGAL (UrNGAL) would...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01079-15
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleotide phosphonates cidofovir (CDV) and cyclic cidofovir (cCDV) are potent antiviral compounds when administered parenterally but are not well absorbed orally. These compounds have been reported to have activity against orthopoxvirus replication in vitro and in animal models when administered parenterally or b...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.4.991-995.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subtherapeutic levels of oxytetracycline plus neomycin in animal feeds did not bring about increases in the quantity, prevalence, or shedding of Salmonella typhimurium in swine, calves, or chickens. In fact, the medication generally reduced the proportion of animals carrying S. typhimurium. The medicated groups were f...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.10.1.89
更新日期:1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of a new liposomal formulation of amphotericin B was compared to that of amphotericin B deoxycholate (Fungizone) in a murine model of visceral leishmaniasis induced by Leishmania infantum. Median effective doses (ED50) were determined with two different strains: strain 1 was obtained from an untreated pat...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.8.1731
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a new recombinant retroviral system in which a library of infectious molecular clones of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is constructed with reverse transcriptase (RT) genes derived from viral RNA sequences in plasma. HIV-1 RT is amplified from plasma HIV-1 RNA by nested RT-PCR and cloned...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.12.2781
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of acidification and alkalinization of the urine on the pharmacokinetics of cinoxacin was examined after single 500-mg oral doses were administered to nine healthy male volunteers. Acidic and alkaline conditions were achieved by repeated oral doses of ammonium chloride or sodium bicarbonate, respectively. P...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.21.3.472
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seven clinical isolates of Shigella sonnei with reduced susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones (sparfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin) were obtained. The MICs of fluoroquinolones against these S. sonnei strains were 16 to 32 times higher than those obtained against typical strains that are highly susceptible to the...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.11.2486
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iron-sulfur flavoproteins (Isf) are flavin mononucleotide (FMN)- and FeS cluster-containing proteins commonly encountered in anaerobic prokaryotes. However, with the exception of Isf from Methanosarcina thermophila, which participates in oxidative stress management by removing oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, none of the...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02320-13
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1, resistant to phosphonoformate (PFA) and phosphonoacetate (PAA), have been selected in cell culture. The PFA-resistant mutant (HSV-PFA(r)) and the PAA-resistant mutant (HSV-PAA(r)) were also resistant to PAA and PFA, respectively. This cross-resistance indicates that PFA and PAA ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.15.6.758
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate assessment of the risk factors for colonization with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) among high-risk patients is often confounded by nosocomial VRE transmission. We undertook a 15-month prospective cohort study of adults admitted to high-risk units (hematology, renal, transplant, and intensive care) in...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.47.8.2492-2498.2003
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anidulafungin concentrations were quantified with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV detection of the ascites fluid and pleural effusion of 10 adult critically ill patients. Samples were collected from ascites fluid and from pleural drains or during paracentesis and thoracentesis, respectively. Anidulaf...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02326-17
更新日期:2018-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Four species of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae harboring extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) were recovered in a single patient hospitalized in an intensive care unit. Among these isolates, we describe for the first time an ESBL-producing Providencia rettgeri strain. Bacteria from the same species were s...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.8.2069
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The macrolide-aminoglycoside-streptothricin (MAS) element, an ∼4.2-kb insertion containing erm(B) and aphA3 resistance determinants, distinguishes Streptococcus pneumoniae transposon Tn1545/Tn6003 from Tn6002. Here, it is shown to be an unstable genetic element that, although it lacks recombinase genes, can exploit lo...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01487-12
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary infiltrates in neutropenic hosts with invasive aspergillosis are due to vascular invasion and hemorrhagic infarction. In order to measure the effect of antifungal compounds on this organism-mediated tissue injury, we monitored the course of pulmonary infiltrates by serial ultrafast computerized tomography (U...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.5.1065
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It was previously found that certain nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) possess virucidal activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and it was suggested that the tight-binding mode of inhibition of reverse transcriptase might be important for this virucidal activity (Borkow et a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.6.1851-1856.2002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report retrospective analysis of the clinical and antimicrobial susceptibility data of 140 Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae isolates. Strains were isolated mostly from respiratory tract samples from patients with underlying diseases. In the case of infection, pneumonia, mainly aspiration pneumonia, was the most frequ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.06374-11
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00