Abstract：
:As the physiology of deliberate hypotension has been unravelled, and as each new pharmacological agent has become available which either depresses or blocks peripheral vascular tone, depresses myocardial performance, or interferes with the conducting tissues within the myocardium, its possible incorporation into the armamentarium of the anaesthetist who offers induced hypotension has been considered. The result has been a sequence of variations in technique of characteristically recognizable vintage. No matter how the condition of induced hypotension is produced, there is usually vasodilatation, and the characteristic disturbance in physiology is of a loss of postural reactivity in the cardiovascular system. Important lessons have been learned concerning the management of shock states. Though it is difficult to evaluate the morbidity of deliberate induced hypotension, and terms such as "physiological trespass" have been used by its antagonists, it would appear that a well-considered and skilfully managed controlled hypotension is no more of a physiological trespass than anaesthesia, nor indeed than the trespass of the surgeon's knife itself.
journal_name
Br J Anaesthjournal_title
British journal of anaesthesiaauthors
Leigh JMdoi
10.1093/bja/47.7.745subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1975-07-01 00:00:00pages
745-9issue
7eissn
0007-0912issn
1471-6771pii
S0007-0912(17)53407-8journal_volume
47pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Preoperative anaemia affects one third of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Although it is recommended that perioperative teams should identify and treat patients with preoperative anaemia before surgery, introducing new treatment protocols can be c...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2019.11.023
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of 443 spinal anaesthetics is described. The procedures included operative vaginal delivery, removal of retained placenta and a miscellaneous group common to most obstetric units. Failure to provide effective relief of pain occurred in 5.2% of patients. There was one potentially serious complication, but with...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/51.6.531
更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with renal failure and undergoing a cadaver renal transplant were found to have plasma concentrations of laudanosine, following the administration of a single bolus dose of atracurium 0.5 mg kg-1, higher than those found in patients without renal failure. Since laudanosine is a known central nervous system st...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/57.11.1049
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients undergoing non-cardiac, non-vascular surgery are at risk of major cardiovascular complications. In non-cardiac surgery, troponin elevation has previously been shown to be an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events and postoperative mortality; however, a majority of studies have focused...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aew321
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using cats with chronically implanted brain electrodes, we have compared the effects of propofol on CNS electrical activities with those of thiopentone. Ten cats were allocated to receive either propofol (n = 5) or thiopentone (n = 5). Cats were anaesthetized initially with 4% halothane in oxygen. The trachea was intu...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/71.3.383
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of the intrathecal administration of diamorphine on the hyperglycaemic, adrenocortical and cardiovascular responses to major colonic surgery were investigated, and the results compared with those obtained in a similar group of patients receiving low doses of fentanyl. In the group receiving intrathecal diam...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/57.4.389
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the plasma concentrations (Cp) and pharmacokinetics of sufentanil injected i.v. (IVS), intradurally (IS) or extradurally (ES) under general anaesthesia in 31 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Sufentanil appeared in plasma very rapidly and Cpmax was also attained rapidly after both extradural...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/66.4.458
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We gave either midazolam or propofol for induction of anaesthesia to 140 ASA I or II female patients (18-60 yr). ED50 values were obtained by probit analysis for three clinical end-points: loss of response to command; loss of eyelash reflex; failure to respond to application of an anaesthetic face mask delivering 1% i...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/69.3.240
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We studied the potential neuroprotective effects of halothane and desflurane, compared with the awake state, on infarct size following 2 h of intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and 22 h of reperfusion. METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anaesthetized with desflurane or halothane, intuba...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aeg186
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The posterolateral and medial aspect of the arm is supplied by the axillary (AXN) and intercostobrachial nerves (ICBN), which are not anaesthetised by an axillary brachial plexus block (ABPB). Blockade of the AXN and the ICBN has been reported in the quadrangular space (QS) posteriorly or by serratus plane b...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2018.06.006
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied psychomotor performance in 10 healthy volunteers during recovery after a target-controlled infusion of propofol. Choice reaction time, dual task tracking with secondary reaction time and a within-list recognition task were assessed at target blood propofol concentrations of 0.8, 0.4 and 0.2 microgram ml-1. ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/85.3.396
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The problems of selection of tracheal tubes, and the need for a rationale, are outlined. Tracheal tubes of 7.5 mm and 8.5 mm i.d. are recommended for female and male patients, respectively. Tracheal size was determined using high pressure-low volume cuffs as measuring devices. The average diameter of the cuff at seal ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/58.1.111
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind study to compare analgesia obtained by wound infiltration using 29 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine alone, or with the addition of clonidine hydrochloride 150 micrograms. A third group received bupivacaine wound infiltration with clonidine 150 micrograms i.m. to control for ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/79.4.446
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the incidence of regurgitation of gastric contents during general anaesthesia administered via a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) or face mask and Guedel airway in 56 patients with no risk factors for regurgitation. Patients swallowed a gelatin capsule containing methylene blue 10 min before induction ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/69.3.314
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The central venous catheter (CVC) is associated with numerous complications more so during the process of insertion. We report for the first time how an indwelling catheter was entrapped by a replacement catheter on the same side, after being speared by the introducer needle and guidewire. The diagnosis was made when ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/ael286
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The new emulsion formulation of di-isopropyl phenol (propofol) was compared with methohexitone and thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia in day cases. Propofol produced significantly smoother induction of anaesthesia, but caused more cardiovascular and respiratory depression. Pain on injection was significantly les...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/57.8.725
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:By analysing the EEG, reticular multi-unit activity and behavioural changes, we have classified general anaesthetics into three groups: central nervous system (CNS) depressant, CNS excitant and epileptogenic agents. Changes in CNS neural activity are associated with alteration in transmitter release. We have attempted...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/80.3.365
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Summary While complex physiological mechanisms exist to regulate and optimize tissue oxygenation under various conditions, clinical and experimental evidence indicates that anaemia, unchecked, is associated with organ injury and unfavourable outcomes. More data (especially from human studies) are needed to answer ques...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aer350
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a case of lumbar extradural abscess that presented 9 days after an elective Caesarean section performed under combined spinal-extradural anaesthesia. This was successfully treated conservatively with full recovery. The clinical course included development, and then resolution, of mild paraparesis. Conservati...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/78.5.591
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Normalization of plasma fibrinogen levels may be associated with satisfactory haemostasis and reduced bleeding. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess fibrinogen recovery parameters after administration of fibrinogen concentrate (Haemocomplettan P) to patients with diffuse bleeding in cardiovascul...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aeq058
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) strongly recommended the use of a high fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) in adult patients undergoing general anaesthesia to reduce the risk of surgical site infection (SSI). Since then, further trials have been published, trials included previously have come und...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2018.11.024
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Loss of resistance dorsal to the ligamentum flavum was recorded in 10 of 16 patients aged 43--75 yr whilst performing extradural anaesthesia at the L2--3 interspace via the midline approach. Degeneration of the interspinous ligament with cavity formation is observed frequently in the elderly and may account for false ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/51.3.253
更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer treatment is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Surgery is a mainstay of treatment for many tumours, and anaesthetists care for cancer patients on a daily basis. Surgery itself induces a stress response and inhibits the immune system, and cancer surgery is associated with the release of tumour...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aev375
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block is a popular regional anaesthetic technique for children undergoing inguinal surgery. The success rate is only 70-80% and complications may occur. A prospective randomized double-blinded study was designed to compare the use of ultrasonography with the conventiona...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/aei157
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sickle cell disease is a congenital haemoglobinopathy with a high incidence of perioperative complications. Traditional anaesthetic management, based largely on extrapolation from biochemical models, has emphasized avoidance of red cell sickling to prevent exacerbations of the disease. This historical review outlines ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aei129
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the effects of 9.5% and 14.1% MAC concentrations of isoflurane on some psychometric measurements. Both concentrations depressed peak saccadic velocity (P < 0.01), choice reaction time (P < 0.05) and visual analogue scores for sedation (P < 0.05), but not the critical flicker fusion threshold. The ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/71.6.839
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the influence of renal failure on the pharmacokinetics and neuromuscular blockade of Org NC 45 (Norcuron), a new monoquaternary homologue of pancuronium, 13 patients under halothane and nitrous oxide anesthesia were studied. Org NC 45 was administered by 2-min infusion in doses of 0.28 mg kg-1 (normal ren...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/53.10.1049
更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the preoperative administration of water might promote gastric emptying and dilute the remaining gastric contents, 50 patients were investigated before elective surgery. One group was given water 100 ml 2 h before operation; the other group was fasted as usual. Volume and pH of gastric contents were measured imm...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/60.7.803
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In rats injected s.c. with formalin, behavioural correlates of the amount and pattern of Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-Ll) (molecular responses to pain) were studied to test if early phase treatment with 75% nitrous oxide or 2% halothane, or both, suppressed subsequent spinal sensitization. Rats were allocated to fou...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/76.1.99
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a case of fatal cardiac tamponade that occurred in association with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) inserted from the right antecubital fossa. Migration of the catheter from the right atrium within 24 h of insertion lead to the administration of a potassium-enriched sodium chloride solution ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aem181
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
