Abstract:
:In an earlier study on minus-strand DNA synthesis catalyzed by murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase, we described a prominent pause site near the polypurine tract (J. Guo, W. Wu, Z. Y. Yuan, K. Post, R. J. Crouch, and J. G . Levin, Biochemistry 34:5018-5029, 1995). We now report that pausing at this site is due to a stem-loop structure in the RNA template, formed by interaction of a number of bases in the polypurine tract, including the six G's, and a 3' sequence which includes four C's. Addition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleocapsid (NC) protein to reverse transcriptase reactions reduces pausing by approximately 8- to 10-fold and stimulates synthesis of full-length DNA. Thus, NC functions as an accessory protein during elongation of minus-strand DNA and increases the efficiency of DNA synthesis, in this case, by apparently destabilizing a region of secondary structure in the template. Since NC is associated with genomic RNA in the viral core and is likely to be part of a viral replication complex, these results suggest that NC may also promote efficient DNA synthesis during virus replication. Mutational analysis indicates that the features of HIV-1 NC which are important for reduction of pausing include the basic amino acids flanking the first zinc finger, the zinc fingers, and the cysteine and aromatic amino acids within the fingers. These findings suggest that reverse transcription might be targeted by drugs which inactivate the zinc fingers of HIV-1 NC.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Wu W,Henderson LE,Copeland TD,Gorelick RJ,Bosche WJ,Rein A,Levin JGdoi
10.1128/JVI.70.10.7132-7142.1996subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-10-01 00:00:00pages
7132-42issue
10eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Splicing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) exon 6D is regulated by the presence of a complex splicing regulatory element (SRE) sequence that interacts with the splicing factors hnRNP H and SC35. In this work, we show that, in the context of the wild-type viral sequence, hnRNP H acts as a repressor of exon...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00721-08
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect squamous epithelium and establish their genomes as episomes in proliferating basal cells. As infected cells differentiate, the viral DNA is amplified to high copy number and infectious virus is produced. Viral production has not yet been observed in vitro due to the inability of st...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.5.2254-2260.1991
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant retroviruses containing the trans activator genes of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) type II and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III were constructed. The trans activator genes tat II and tat III were inserted into the murine retroviral vector pZIPNEOSV(X)1. Recombinant plasmids were transfected in...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.57.1.379-384.1986
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The polycistronic P/C mRNA of Sendai virus is translated under cell-free conditions into five proteins (P, C', C, Y1, and Y2) from overlapping reading frames. In this study, we showed that in addition to the P, C', and C proteins, Y1 and Y2 were expressed by six different Sendai virus strains in infected cells. The Y ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.2.974-977.1989
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral interference studies have demonstrated the existence of four distinct murine leukemia virus (MuLV) receptors on NIH 3T3 mouse cells. The four viral interference groups are ecotropic MuLV; mink cell focus inducing virus (MCF); amphotropic MuLV; and 10A1, a recombinant derivative of amphotropic MuLV that uses a un...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.2.757-766.1990
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis C virus core protein forms the viral nucleocapsid and plays a critical role in the formation of infectious particles. In this study, we demonstrate that the highly conserved residue G33, located within domain 1 of the core protein, is important for the production of cell culture-infectious virus (HCVcc). Ala...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.05452-11
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have amplified by the polymerase chain reaction, cloned, and sequenced genomic segments of 118 human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) isolates from 76 cervical biopsy, 14 cervical smear, 3 vulval biopsy, 2 penile biopsy, 2 anal biopsy, and 1 vaginal biopsy sample and two cell lines. The specimens were taken from pat...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.4.2057-2066.1992
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:A balance between the functions of the influenza virus surface proteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) is thought to be important for the transmission of viruses between humans. Here we describe two pandemic H1N1 viruses, A/swine/Virginia/1814-1/2012 and A/swine/Virginia/1814-2/2012 (pH1N1low-1 an...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02537-14
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Infection of the lower respiratory tract by influenza A viruses results in increases in inflammation and immune cell infiltration in the lung. The dynamic relationships among the lung microenvironments, the lung, and systemic host responses during infection remain poorly understood. Here we used extensive sy...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00817-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of Escherichia coli B is converted by colicin E2 to products soluble in cold trichloroacetic acid; we show that this DNA degradation (hereafter termed solubilization) is subject to inhibition by infection with bacteriophage T4. At least two modes of inhibition may be differentiated on t...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.8.3.303-310.1971
更新日期:1971-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seizes control of cellular cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) to promote viral replication. HIV-1 Vpr and HIV-2/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Vpr and Vpx engage the cullin4 (CUL4)-containing ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4) to cause polyubiquitination and proteaso...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00241-14
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pluripotent cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) binds to its cognate TNF receptor I (TNF-RI) to stimulate inflammation via activation of the NF-kappaB transcription factor. To prevent the detrimental effects of TNF-alpha in keratinocytes infected with the molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV), this poxvir...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.80.2.578-586.2006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of the gamma(1)34.5 protein to suppress the PKR response plays a crucial role in herpes simplex virus pathogenesis. In this process, the gamma(1)34.5 protein associates with protein phosphatase 1 to form a large complex that dephosphorylates eIF-2alpha and thereby prevents translation shutoff mediated by P...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.14.7653-7666.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated passages of vaccinia virus in increasing concentrations of hydroxyurea followed by plaque purification resulted in the isolation of variants capable of growth in 5 mM hydroxyurea, a drug concentration which inhibited the reproduction of wild-type vaccinia virus 1,000-fold. Analyses of viral protein synthesis ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.60.2.506-514.1986
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::For paramyxoviruses, entry requires a receptor-binding protein (hemagglutinin-neuraminidase [HN], H, or G) and a fusion protein (F). Like other class I viral fusion proteins, F is expressed as a prefusion metastable protein that undergoes a refolding event to induce fusion. HN binding to its receptor triggers F refold...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01191-09
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) genome sequences have been determined for isolates collected from recent field outbreaks in North Africa (Egypt) and the Middle East (Palestinian Autonomous Territories). These data represent the first examples of complete genomic sequences for the FMDV SAT 2 topotype VII, which...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01231-12
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retroviruses, as a result of the presence of two identical genomic RNA molecules in their virions, recombine at a high rate. When nonhomologous RNA is present in the dimer RNA molecules, nonhomologous recombination can occur, although the rate is very low, only 0.1% of the rate of essentially homologous recombination ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.4.2409-2414.1994
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular mechanism by which retroviral Gag proteins are directed to the plasma membrane for the formation of particles (budding) is unknown, but it is widely believed that the MA domain, located at the amino terminus, plays a critical role. Consistent with this idea, we found that small deletions in this segment ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.7.3804-3812.1991
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutant recombinant respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV) which cannot express the NS1 and M2-2 proteins, designated rA2DeltaNS1 and rA2DeltaM2-2, respectively, were evaluated as live-attenuated RSV vaccines. The rA2DeltaNS1 virus contains a large deletion that should have the advantageous property of genetic stability d...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.19.9317-9321.2000
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The infection of cells which belong to the B-cell lineage is thought to be the primary event leading to the phenotypic and functional alterations seen in the murine AIDS (M. Huang, C. Simard, D. Kay, and P. Jolicoeur, J. Virol. 65:6562-6571, 1991). Using in situ hybridization, we studied the time course of the anatomi...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.3.1903-1912.1994
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing C-terminally truncated E's that ranged in length from 9 to 99% of the N-terminal sequence were constructed. The overall antigenicity of the E products was analyzed by radioimmunoprecipitation, using dengue virus hyperimmune mouse ascitic fluid (HMAF) or an anti-E peptide serum. ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.3.1400-1407.1991
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Defined segments of the cloned foot-and-mouth disease virus genome corresponding to all parts of the coding region were expressed in Escherichia coli as fusions to the N-terminal part of the MS2-polymerase gene under the control of the inducible lambda PL promoter. All constructs yielded large amounts of proteins, whi...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.57.3.983-991.1986
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) is a naturally occurring rodent pathogen with significant homology to human pathogens Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. T cells are essential for primary clearance of MHV-68 and survival of mice following intranasal infection. Previous reports have sugg...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.11.6808-6813.2005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sequences which encode Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) RNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissue have been identified. We utilized human biopsy material directly as well as NPC grown in nude mice. Total RNA was extracted from the tumor material and separated into polyadenylated and nonpolyadenylated fractions by oligodeox...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.48.3.580-590.1983
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We characterized a number of important features of the structure of the cohesive overlap region of the DNA genome of duck hepatitis B virus. The 5'-terminal nucleotide of minus-strand DNA was localized to nucleotide 2537, a G residue within the 12-base repeat sequence DR1. This G residue was shown to be the site of a ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.61.12.3832-3840.1987
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-15 (IL-15), natural killer (NK) cells, and NK T (NKT) cells, components of the innate immune system, are known to contribute to defense against pathogens, including viruses. Here we report that IL-15(-/-) (NK(-) and NKT(-/+)) mice and RAG-2(-/-)/gamma(c)(-/-) (NK(-) and NKT(-)) mice that lack all lymphoid ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.18.10168-10171.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The putative role of nitric oxide in the neuropathogenesis of Borna disease was investigated by determining changes in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and constitutively expressed NOS (cNOS) mRNA in brains of Borna disease virus (BDV)-infected rats. iNOS mRNA was not detected in normal ra...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.10.5786-5791.1993
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of B cells, B blasts, and macrophages to present Epstein-Barr virion antigens to autologous T cells and trigger their capacity to inhibit Epstein-Barr virus-induced B-cell transformation was tested. Macrophages were as efficient as B cells and B blasts in presenting the virus to T lymphocytes. This functio...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.3.1398-1401.1990
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A vigorous expansion of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells lacking apparent effector function was observed in a rhesus macaque acutely infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strain SIVmac239. Antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells were identified using antigenic-peptide class I major histocompatibility complex te...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.6.3028-3033.2001
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ebola virus is the etiologic agent of a lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates with mortality rates of up to 90%. Previous studies with Zaire Ebola virus (ZEBOV), mouse-adapted virus (MA-ZEBOV), and mutant viruses (ZEBOV-NP(ma), ZEBOV-VP24(ma), and ZEBOV-NP/VP24(ma)) allowed us to identify the mutati...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00659-11
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00