Abstract：
:At the onset of the industrial age, environmental contaminants began to pose a major threat to the health of wildlife. That threat appears to continue today. In the last three decades, the focus of our concern on the health consequences of environmental pollution has been on lethal, carcinogenic, and/or extreme teratogenic manifestations. Evidence from a number of sources suggests that another mechanism, endocrine-disruption, also must be examined. There is excellent laboratory and field evidence that man-made chemicals (xenochemicals) released into the environment act as hormones or antihormones. They act as endocrine-disrupting contaminants (EDCs). The release of EDCs occurred in the past and continues today. The development of the reproductive system is vulnerable to perturbation by EDCs. Wildlife studies demonstrate that both sexes are affected and experience modifications of gonadal and reproductive tract development or functioning and abnormal synthesis or metabolism of hormones. A number of abnormalities seen in the reproductive system of various wildlife species correlate with similar abnormalities described as rising in human populations. We suggest that wildlife are excellent sentinels of ecosystem health. Data from these wildlife studies present models and methodologies for examining human health.
journal_name
Toxicol Ind Healthjournal_title
Toxicology and industrial healthauthors
Guillette LJ Jr,Guillette EAdoi
10.1177/074823379601200325subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-05-01 00:00:00pages
537-50issue
3-4eissn
0748-2337issn
1477-0393journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Two prospective, longitudinal studies-one in North Carolina and one in Michigan-have examined effects of prenatal polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure on behavioral and cognitive development in infants and children. The Michigan cohort was selected to overrepresent the offspring of women who had eaten relatively la...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823379601200315
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure estimates produced using predictive exposure assessment methods are associated with a number of uncertainties that relate to the inherent variability of the values for a given input parameter (e.g., body weight, ingestion rate, inhalation rate) and to unknowns concerning the representativeness of the assumpti...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of trona (Kaun), a food additive, on the redox status of the liver and kidney of male Wistar rats were investigated. A total of 60 male rats (145 ± 2.52 g) were grouped into four: A, B, C and D, where group A (the control) received 1 mL of distilled water orally while those in groups B, C and D (test group...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233712469654
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Not only is skin cancer by far the most common human cancer but also the incidence of skin cancer has been increasing at an alarming rate in recent decades. Fortunately, most people now realize that sun exposure causes unattractive photoaging and skin cancer, so they do apply sunscreens conscientiously. However, until...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0748233709106067
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the framework of a series of experiments conducted to evaluate the carcinogenic effects of oxygenated gasoline additives, MTBE was analyzed in an oral lifetime carcinogenicity study using 8-week-old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. These experiments were part of a large research project on gasoline carcinogenic...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823379501100202
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles have applications in nanomedicine and nanotechnology; therefore, any possible adverse effects require thorough investigation. The present study investigated the effects of Co3O4 nanoparticles on four different cell lines: liver, HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells; lung, A549 lung c...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233717706633
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocarcinogens are agents that increase the incidence of liver cancer in exposed animals or humans. It is now established that carcinogenic exposures have a widespread impact on the transcriptome, inducing both adaptive and adverse changes in the activities of genes and pathways. Chemical hepatocarcinogens have als...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233720922710
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study on the effect of genetically modified (GM) and non-GM canola on soybean was carried out for physiological and biochemical biosafety assessment of GM canola. Methanolic extracts of GM and non-GM canola were assessed on seed germination and growth of soybean (Glycine max L.) under sterilized conditions. The e...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233713501366
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural products possessing antioxidant properties play a very crucial role in ameliorating deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species. This study investigated the chemoprotective properties of methanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina (MEVA) in an experimental model of hepatic oxidative damage induced by 2-acetyl...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233713498436
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paraquat has been shown to be a highly toxic compound for humans and animals, and many cases of acute poisoning and death have been reported over the past few decades. The present study was undertaken to evaluate comprehensively herbicides (Paraquat) and some plant extracts to biochemical aspects of Lymnaea natalensis...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233713498457
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phthalates are abundantly produced plasticizers, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is the most widely used derivative in various consumer products and medical devices. This study was conducted to further explore the potential testicular toxicity of DBP in adult rats and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Adult male alb...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233714566877
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to describe for asthmatic subjects the distribution of individual bronchial sensitivity to sulfur dioxide (SO2). Subjects were nonsmoking male asthmatics (n = 27) who were sensitive to inhaled methacholine. None of the subjects used corticosteroids or cromolyn sodium. Oral medications wer...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/074823378600200307
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anti-genotoxic potential of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) was investigated using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) as genotoxic endpoint in human lymphocytes. Whole blood samples from two healthy male donors were used for this experiment and the effects of different...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233707076738
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aluminum (Al) is commonly used in industrial processes and drugs and is thought to induce erythrocytes damage via activation of oxidative stress. Recently, bismuth (Bi)-containing drugs are used in the treatment of various diseases. However, uncertain effects of Bi in blood tissue may participate in the therapeutic ef...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233710381894
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Needlestick and sharp instrument injuries are common in dental practice and present the risk of direct exposure to blood-borne pathogens, including hepatitis B virus. This cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the risk factors of injury and infection in three types of dental clinic in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233718769553
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trivalent chromium (Cr) is an environmental contaminant, which is extensively used in tanning industries throughout the world and causes various forms of health hazards in tannery workers. Therefore, a cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the DNA damage and oxidative stress condition in tannery workers ex...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233712457447
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report reviews the literature on the impact of exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) on human health. Special emphasis is given to the health effects reported in excess of national norms by participants in the TCE Subregistry of the Volatile Organic Compounds Registry of the National Exposure Registries--persons wi...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/074823379501100301
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Yoghurt is a popular dairy product in Iran because of its beneficial influence on human health and nutritional value. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the metabolite of potential carcinogen aflatoxin B1, which can contaminate milk through the feed and is not eliminated by common processing heat treatment. An analytical method u...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233710394236
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Kinetic interactions among chemicals present in a mixture can influence the relationship between administered and delivered or effective dose; these interactions are distinct from dynamic interactions such as, for example, competition between two chemicals for receptor binding sites. The relationship between administe...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/074823378900500507
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of copper in form of copper sulphate (CuSO4 x 5 H2O) was studied in the bone marrow cells of rats of Wistar strain in an in vitro culture. Evident differences between tissue cultures of the bone marrow cells were observed between the control and experimental groups. In the experimental group, the CFU-F colo...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823378900500617
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin resistance (IR) is recognized as a contributory factor for a variety of liver diseases. The present study investigates the susceptibility of liver to the toxic actions of carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in a rat model of IR, induced by feeding a high-fructose diet (60 g/100 g) for 30 days. A sub-lethal dose of C...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233709359273
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of different methylmercury (MeHg) forms on the immune system and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis were assessed. The lymphocyte response to Concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation, blood levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), adrenocorticotrophin hormone (ACTH), and corticosterone in the presence of diffe...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823379701300105
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism by which granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) could lead to the protection from liver injury is not well known. Therefore, the resolution of this role needs further basic and clinical experimental investigation. Acute liver injury was induced in rats by single intraperitoneal injection of a 0.50...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233712440136
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A comparative potency method for cancer risk assessment has been developed based on a constant relative potency hypothesis. This method was developed and tested using data from a battery of short-term mutagenesis bioassays, animal tumorigenicity data and human lung cancer risk estimations. This data base was developed...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823378500100412
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) prepared this health consultation to provide support for assessing the public health implications of hazardous chemical exposure, primarily through drinking water, related to releases of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) in the port of Djibouti. CCA from a shi...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233707076810
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA; CAS no. 106-91-2) is a chemical monomer used in the manufacture of dental resins, can coatings and polymers. GMA has demonstrated toxicity to the ocular, digestive, respiratory and dermal systems. Human exposure occurs mainly in the workplace, but it can also happen through food. Although t...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1177/0748233720957816
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This investigation used a two-source capture-recapture method (CRM) for determining ascertainment and undercounts of non-national priority listed hazardous waste sites in the states of Arizona, Maine and Pennsylvania. These findings suggest that ascertainment of hazardous waste sites vary greatly, with some more accur...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1191/0748233703th179oa
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last few decades the need for new approaches to assess DNA damage has been increasing due to the implications that different insults on genetic material may have on human health. In this context, the identification of how chemical agents with different mechanisms of action (i.e., antineoplastic drugs) damage DN...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1191/0748233705th224oa
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lead exposure can damage cells directly by effecting DNA or indirectly by modifying proteins and enzymes. In Bangladesh, many working children are exposed to a very high level of lead during their early life due to their involvement with lead-oriented professions. This imposes a severe threat to the growth and develop...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233717754163
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to characterize the ultrastructural changes in the muscles of 2- and 6-month-old rats that were injected with 6-mercaptopurine monohydrate (6-MP) at 2 mg base/kg sc daily from 2 to 22 days of age. The earliest, usually subsarcolemmal alterations, were disorganization of fibrils at the Z-b...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823378600200205
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
