Abstract：
BACKGROUND:To assess Pap smear utilization and compliance with screening recommendations, a study was conducted in a large midwestern HMO where cost is not a barrier to care. The purpose of the study was to examine rates of screening by age, identify the proportion of abnormal cytologic findings, and determine screening incidence for women with a diagnosis of cervical cancer. METHOD:Computerized records on screening frequency over a 5-year interval were examined for 23,649 consecutively enrolled women ages 18-70. In addition, medical records were examined for patients with a cervical cancer diagnosis (n = 32). RESULTS:Eighty-five percent of the women had at least one Pap smear within the 5-year duration. Nearly half (47%) obtained four to five tests, 30% obtained two or three tests, and 14% were screened only once during the 5 years. Percentages were similar across all age groups. Cytopathology reports indicated 95% of tests as normal, 4% as low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL), <1% as high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and 0.02% as suspected malignancy. Younger women were more likely to evidence SIL; older women were somewhat more likely to have carcinoma. For women with a cancer diagnosis, 63% had not been screened the previous year and 34% had no screening recorded for the prior 3 years. Twenty-two percent had no record of screening within the past 5 years compared with 8.5% of the total group. CONCLUSIONS:In HMOs with prepayment, one would hypothesize that patients would obtain more regular preventive screening of all types, yet women at highest risk seemed less likely to obtain Pap smear screening. This group is not fully understood and probably represents the best opportunity to reduce morbidity, mortality, and expense from preventable cervical neoplasias.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Rolnick S,LaFerla JJ,Wehrle D,Trygstad E,Okagaki Tdoi
10.1006/pmed.1996.0041subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-03-01 00:00:00pages
156-61issue
2eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091-7435(96)90041-9journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:Regular use of recommended preventive health services can promote good health and prevent disease. However, individuals may forgo obtaining preventive care when they are busy with competing activities and commitments. This study examined whether time pressure related to work obligations creates barriers to ob...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.03.008
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing regular physical activity in adults at elevated risk of cardiovascular disease is an important target for preventive medicine. This study evaluated demographic, social and cognitive predictors of self-reported changes in physical activity after 4 and 12 months in a randomized trial of behavioral c...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1006/pmed.2000.0688
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More physical activity (PA) and less screen time (ST) are positively associated with mental health in adolescents; however, research is limited by short-term designs and the exclusion of ST when examining PA. We examined: (a) changes in PA, ST, symptoms of depression, and symptoms of anxiety over four assessments span...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.04.002
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Nurse practitioners (NPs) provide frontline care in women's health, including contraception, an essential preventive service. Their importance for contraceptive care will grow, with healthcare reforms focused on affordable primary care. This study assessed practice and training needs to prepare NPs to offer h...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.10.005
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of pubertal timing, and its interaction with prior childhood maltreatment, on the risk of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) among sexually active adolescent minority female adolescents and young adults. METHODS:This cross-sectional study includes 842 adolesce...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106126
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Obesity is a significant problem among US veterans. Diets high in fruits and vegetables (FV) can lower obesity risk. Health communication interventions are promising strategies for promoting healthy eating. We evaluated whether an enhanced intervention with tailored newsletters and motivational interviewing ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.06.010
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term, low levels of antineoplastic drugs and ionizing radiation in the work environment may have genotoxic effects on chromosomes in personnel. The effects of ionizing radiation is acknowledged in occupational medicine and therefore various measures have been undertaken to prevent such effects. However, there are...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(92)90056-n
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Occupational diseases share many common characteristics with infectious diseases. However, the successful approach of using surveillance systems to eradicate infectious diseases has never been applied to the control and prevention of occupational diseases. METHODS:On the basis of a nationwide survey of bloo...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1995.1012
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The WISEWOMAN projects are examining the feasibility and effectiveness of adding a cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention component to a nationwide program of early detection for breast and cervical cancer aimed at financially disadvantaged women. This paper describes the rationale and design of the WISEWOM...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1006/pmed.1999.0462
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To describe the prevalence of mammography use, and to estimate its association with sociodemographics. METHODS:A sample of 6207 women aged 60 and older from the first interview of Health, Well-Being and Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean Study (SABE) in seven cities (Buenos Aires, Bridgetown, Havana, ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.02.005
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of screening and five years of multi-factorial lifestyle intervention on changes in alcohol intake in a general population. METHODS:The study was a pre-randomized intervention study on lifestyle, Inter99 (1999-2006), Copenhagen, Denmark. Participants in the intervention group (n=6 091...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.007
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracurricular sport has been a valued educational investment to promote both physical and mental health in children and adolescents. Few longitudinal studies have tested whether extracurricular sport is associated with inattentive/hyperactive symptoms. Using a prospective-longitudinal birth cohort of 758 girls and 7...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106256
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This paper estimates the rates of lifetime nonreceipt of influenza immunization among elderly and examines variations in the lifetime nonreceipt of immunization by gender, race and ethnic group, socioeconomic status, access to health care, and health status. METHODS:Cross-sectional, nationally representative...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.07.017
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper provides brief context for why the physical activity research center was created and how it supports the national movement to build a culture of health. ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105894
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to examine the association between individual and combined lifestyle risk factors and the incidence of hypertension 1) in middle-aged and older Australians, and 2) to compare findings in men and women. A sample of 32,393 adults aged ≥45 years from New South Wales completed baseline (2006-2008) and fol...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.10.007
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Underutilization of breast and cervical cancer screening has been observed in many ethnic groups and underserved populations. Effective community-based interventions are needed to eliminate disparities in screening rates and thus to improve prospects for survival. METHODS:The Breast and Cervical Cancer Inte...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1006/pmed.2001.0871
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined whether availability and use of different types of school-based health services (SBHS) during adolescence were associated with educational attainment in adulthood. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were analyzed in 2018 to assess relationships betw...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.02.019
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and marijuana remain prevalent problems among adolescents nationwide. We assessed current (past 30-day) exclusive e-cigarette use, exclusive marijuana use, and concurrent use with unintentional injury and violent behaviors, alcohol and other drug use behaviors, and sexua...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106429
更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Genetic tests for nicotine addiction susceptibility may someday offer preventive medicine specialists new tools to reduce smoking among adolescents. This paper examines adolescents' interest in, and reasons behind interest in, such testing and correlates of interest. METHODS:The sample included 211 healthy ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.09.007
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Text-messaging shows promise as a health intervention. This randomized controlled trial evaluated a daily text-messaging weight loss intervention. METHODS:Overweight and obese adults (n=170) in California were randomized to receive daily interactive and personally weight-relevant text-messages or monthly e-n...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.08.011
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Relapse remains the most refractory aspect of nicotine dependence, but little is known about relapse that occurs after a period of prolonged abstinence (i.e., "late relapse"). METHOD:The current study examined the prevalence and predictors of late relapse/sustained abstinence in a community-based, longitudi...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.04.028
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The main goal was to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of an intervention designed to increase cancer screening rates in primary care settings serving disadvantaged populations. The Cancer Screening Office Systems intervention reminded clinicians whether screening mammography, Pap smears, and/or fecal oc...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.03.021
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Building on evidence that natural environments (e.g. parks, woodlands, beaches) are key locations for physical activity, we estimated the total annual amount of adult recreational physical activity in England's natural environments, and assessed implications for population health. METHODS:A cross-sectional ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.023
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primordial prevention seeks to prevent future disease by influencing its social determinants. Henry Blackburn's writings are prime portrayals of social factors causing premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). His classic paper, Diet and Mass Hyperlipidemia, identified changes needed in professional attitudes, medical e...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1998.0474
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Parental and children behaviors can be associated with health promotion and illness prevention in preschool children. METHODS:We interviewed mothers of 804 out of 1000 households with children aged 3 to 5 years randomly sampled in Tokyo, in 1997. Child health status was categorized as: "good", that is, good...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.01.001
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：METHODS:A survey of oncology center employees was conducted to determine those factors associated with perceived risk of cancer and compliance with preventive care guidelines. Five hundred six employees participated in the survey. RESULTS:The average perceived absolute risk of developing cancer in the next 20 years wa...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1994.1042
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This 1-year randomized trial tested the efficacy of behavioral techniques for increasing mammography referrals by primary care physicians in small, community practices. METHODS:Sixty-one practices were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (1) education-only control, (2) education plus cue enhanceme...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1006/pmed.1997.0219
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We assessed the effectiveness of the Luoghi di Prevenzione-Prevention Grounds school-based smoking prevention programme. METHODS:We undertook a cluster randomized controlled trial of 989 students aged 14-15 years in 13 secondary schools located in Reggio Emilia, Italy. The intervention consisted of the "Smok...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.01.004
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether prevalence of active commuting and regular car trips to school varies across communities and language regions in Switzerland and to determine personal and environmental correlates. METHODS:During the school year 2004/2005, 1345 parental questionnaires (response rate 65%) of children attendi...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.06.015
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sunburn is associated with an increased risk for skin cancer. Denmark has one of the highest incidences of melanoma in the world, although it is a relatively northern country. The objective of this study was to determine whether sunburn is associated with demographic factors and health behaviour among young Danes. Cro...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.009
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
