Abstract:
:Openness to Experience is one of the 5 broad factors that subsume most personality traits. Openness is usually considered an intrapsychic dimension, defined in terms of characteristics of consciousness. However, different ways of approaching and processing experience lead to different value systems that exercise a profound effect on social interactions. In this article, the author reviews the effects of Openness versus Closedness in cultural innovation, political ideology, social attitudes, marital choice, and interpersonal relations. The construct of Openness and its measures could profitably be incorporated into research conducted by social psychologists, sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists, and historians.
journal_name
Psychol Bulljournal_title
Psychological bulletinauthors
McCrae RRdoi
10.1037/0033-2909.120.3.323subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-11-01 00:00:00pages
323-37issue
3eissn
0033-2909issn
1939-1455journal_volume
120pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The magnitude and variability of sex differences in vocational interests were examined in the present meta-analysis for Holland's (1959, 1997) categories (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional), Prediger's (1982) Things-People and Data-Ideas dimensions, and the STEM (science, techn...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/a0017364
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::What is the relation between competition and performance? The present research addresses this important multidisciplinary question by conducting a meta-analysis of existing empirical work and by proposing a new conceptual model--the opposing processes model of competition and performance. This model was tested by cond...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/a0028324
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors offer a new, integrative conceptualization of the relational self based on a synthesis of recent approaches to the self and significant others. This conceptualization provides a sharper and fuller definition of the relational self than does any existing approach alone and a common framework to interpret fi...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.2.151
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hom, Mitchell, Lee, and Griffeth (2012) presented an extensive review of employee turnover research, reconceptualized the turnover criterion to include multiple destinations, and proposed to expand the predictor domain. They illuminated the multiple destinations employees pursue following turnover. By crossing desire ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0028541
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are both monotonic and rhythmic factors in the patterns of change seen in physiological, psychological, and performance variables during sleep deprivation. These monotonic and rhythmic factors can be orthogonal, or they may interact with each other, with various task variables, or both. The importance of separat...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.109.3.411
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past decade, the interpersonal theory of suicide has contributed to substantial advances in the scientific and clinical understanding of suicide and related conditions. The interpersonal theory of suicide posits that suicidal desire emerges when individuals experience intractable feelings of perceived burdens...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/bul0000123
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A set of basic beliefs about others' minds and behavior, referred to as folk psychology or theory of mind, is often discussed as if it were the same the world over. Yet, certainly variation in folk psychology exists. This article compares several aspects of European American theory of mind with other cultural models, ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.123.1.3
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Does interference, a primary source of forgetting in explicit memory, also affect implicit memory? Several early and highly influential studies have suggested that implicit memory is immune to interference. In contrast, a number of subsequent investigations have reported evidence for interference. As well, amnesic pat...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.5.618
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This meta-analysis of eating disorder prevention programs found that intervention effects ranged from an absence of any effects to reductions in current and future eating pathology. Certain effects persisted as long as 2 years and were superior to minimal-intervention control conditions. Larger effects occurred for se...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.2.206
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory focus theory (Higgins, 1997) has received growing attention in organizational psychology, necessitating a quantitative review that synthesizes its effects on important criteria. In addition, there is need for theoretical integration of regulatory focus theory with personality research. Theoretical integrati...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/a0027723
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Not only do anxiety and depression diagnoses tend to co-occur, but their symptoms are highly correlated. Although a plethora of research has examined longitudinal associations between anxiety and depression, these data have not yet been effectively synthesized. To address this need, the current study undertook a syste...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/bul0000111
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our first review article (Wagemans et al., 2012) on the occasion of the centennial anniversary of Gestalt psychology focused on perceptual grouping and figure-ground organization. It concluded that further progress requires a reconsideration of the conceptual and theoretical foundations of the Gestalt approach, which ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0029334
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the influence of peers on adolescent smoking should vary depending on social dynamics, there is a lack of understanding of which elements are most crucial and how this dynamic unfolds for smoking initiation and continuation across areas of the world. The present meta-analysis included 75 studies yielding 237 ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/bul0000113
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A meta-analysis of 205 studies involving 23,702 Ss was conducted to determine whether there are sex differences in self-disclosure. Across these studies, women disclosed slightly more than men (d = .18). This effect size was not homogeneous across studies. Several moderator variables were found. Sex of target and the ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.106
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article concerns a class of experimental manipulations that require people to generate explanations or imagine scenarios. A review of studies using such manipulations indicates that people who explain or imagine a possibility then express greater confidence in the truth of that possibility. It is argued that this...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.110.3.499
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of group design studies of nonpharmacological early interventions designed for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we report summary effects across 7 early intervention types (behavioral, developmental, naturalistic developmental behavioral inte...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/bul0000215
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychological distance and abstraction both represent key variables of considerable interest to researchers across cognitive, social, and developmental psychology. Moreover, largely inspired by construal level theory, numerous experiments across multiple fields have now connected these 2 constructs, examining how psyc...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/bul0000005
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognition can unfold with little regard to the events taking place in the environment, and such self-generated mental activity poses a specific set of challenges for its scientific analysis in both cognitive science and neuroscience. One problem is that the spontaneous onset of self-generated mental activity makes it ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0030010
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mental preparation aids performance and induces multiple physiological changes that should inform concepts of preparation. To date, however, these changes have been interpreted as being due to a global preparatory process (e.g., attention or alertness). The authors review psychophysiological and performance investigat...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.3.434
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent burgeoning of theory and research on how children cope with painful medical stressors warrants close scrutiny. The authors examine the prominent typologies of coping and the research on child adjustment and outcomes stimulated by those typologies. They focus on what researchers know and need to know about m...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.118.3.328
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outlines 5 models of the temperature-aggression hypothesis: negative affect escape, simple negative affect, excitation transfer/misattribution, cognitive neoassociation, and physiological-thermoregulatory. Reviews relevant studies. Aggression measures include violent crime, spouse abuse, horn-honking, and delivery of ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.106.1.74
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in molecular genetics have provided behavioral scientists with a means of investigating the influence of genetic factors on human behavior. Unfortunately, recent candidate gene studies have produced inconsistent results, and a frequent scapegoat for the lack of replication across studies is the threat of popu...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.1.66
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::J. Weeden and J. Sabini's finding of small to no relation between traits rated as attractive in a mate and health of that mate might be interpreted as consistent with C. Darwin's (1859) proposal that these traits are arbitrary signs of beauty. However, such a conclusion would be premature. A combination of consistent ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.5.654
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the magnitude, consistency, and stability across time of cognitive sex differences have been questioned. The present study examined these issues in the context of spatial abilities. A meta-analysis of 286 effect sizes from a variety of spatial ability measures was conducted. Effect sizes were partitio...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.250
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many devices are used in child assessment and treatment as communication aids, projective tools, and symbolic means of interaction. None are as hotly debated in their application among mental health professionals as dolls with genital details. Anatomically detailed (AD) dolls are often used in sexual-abuse evaluation ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.118.2.199
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depression is well known to share a negative cross-sectional relationship with personality constructs defined by positive emotion (positive affect, extraversion, behavioral activation). These Positive Emotionality (PE) constructs have been proposed to represent stable temperamental risk factors for depression, not mer...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/bul0000059
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::D. Oyserman, H. M. Coon, and M. Kemmelmeier (2002) provide a most comprehensive review of empirical studies that used attitudinal surveys to capture cultural variations in individualism and collectivism. In the present article, the author suggests that the cross-cultural validity of attitudinal surveys can no longer b...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.128.1.89
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the utility of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory (IRT) models for testing the comparability of psychological measurements. Both procedures were used to investigate whether mood ratings collected in Minnesota and China were comparable. Several issues were addressed. The...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.114.3.552
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Engaging in a test over previously studied information can serve as a potent learning event, a phenomenon referred to as the testing effect. Despite a surge of research in the past decade, existing theories have not yet provided a cohesive account of testing phenomena. The present study uses meta-analysis to examine t...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/a0037559
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The author reviews the research demonstrating not only that clients withhold personal information and reactions from their therapists but also that such discretion is associated with positive therapy process ratings and outcomes. These results run counter to traditional approaches to psychotherapy, which demand a high...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.4.475
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00