Abstract：
:Gallium arsenide (GaAs) suppresses numerous immunologic functions of leukocytes at distal locations from the exposure site. The effect of direct GaAs exposure on peritoneal cells was examined by i.p. administration of the chemical. No alteration in the frequency of various cell lineages, including macrophages, B cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and granulocytes, occurred within the peritoneal population from GaAs-exposed mice. The ability of macrophages to function as antigen-presenting cells (APC) by processing a panel of soluble protein antigens was investigated by the stimulation of antigen-specific helper T cell hybridomas to secrete interleukin-2. On a per cell basis, GaAs-exposed macrophages were more efficient than vehicle control cells in activating the T cells with all native antigens examined. GaAs exposure increased the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, which are recognized by these T cells, on the surface of macrophages. However, the level of T cell activation with peptide fragments of the antigens, which do not require processing, was not enhanced with GaAs-exposed cells as APC. In contrast, the capability of latex bead-exposed macrophages to function as APC was comparable to that of vehicle control cells, suggesting that GaAs modulatory effects were not merely due to phagocytosis of particles. These findings suggest that direct GaAs exposure augments antigen processing, but not presentation, by macrophages perhaps by activating the cells, which may contribute to the immunotoxicity and inflammatory reaction caused by respiratory exposure to GaAs.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Hartmann CB,McCoy KLdoi
10.1006/taap.1996.0301subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-12-01 00:00:00pages
365-72issue
2eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333pii
S0041-008X(96)90301-4journal_volume
141pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Using a highly sensitive membrane permeability assay, a viral infection was discovered in the lungs of virus antibody free (VAF) Swiss-Webster mice purchased for respiratory toxicology studies. The assay is based on the uptake of a charged fluorescent compound by cells lacking an intact plasma membrane. Lungs from 74%...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0041-008x(03)00234-5
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine (DA), a monoamine catecholamine neurotransmitter with antiangiogenic activity, stabilizes tumor vessels in colon, prostate and ovarian cancers, thus increases chemotherapeutic efficacy. Here, in the rat C6 glioma models, we investigated the vascular normalization effects of DA and its mechanisms of action. DA...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2015.03.021
更新日期：2015-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have demonstrated that macrophages are the cell types capable of metabolizing benzo[a]pyrene (B(a)P) within the spleens of untreated mice. Since repeated exposure to B(a)P results in immunosuppression and B(a)P is known to induce cytochrome P450 levels, the first objective of this study was to investiga...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(92)90305-c
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)126 and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) are halogenated organic pollutants of high concern. Exposure to these chemicals is ubiquitous, and can lead to potential synergistic adverse effects in individuals exposed to both classes of chemicals. The present study was designed to identify...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.115301
更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies link arsenic exposure to increased risks of cancers of the skin, kidney, lung, bladder and liver. Additionally, a variety of non-cancerous conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease have been associated with chronic ingestion of low levels of arsenic. However...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2007.06.019
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Traffic related particulate matter air pollution is a risk factor for cardiovascular events; however, the biological mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesize that diesel exhaust (DE) inhalation induces up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is known to contribute to vascular dysfunction...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.06.013
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies in recent years have revealed that excess mitochondrial superoxide production is an important etiological factor in neurodegenerative diseases, resulting from oxidative modifications of cellular lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Hence, it is important to understand the mechanism by which mitochondrial oxida...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.04.030
更新日期：2012-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene 33 (Mig6, ERRFI1) is an adaptor protein with multiple cellular functions. We recently reported that depletion of this protein promotes lung epithelial cell transformation induced by hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. However, the early molecular events that mediate this process are not clear. In the present study, we ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2017.07.003
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer nanoparticles have been demonstrated to elicit a well defined cytotoxicological response from mammalian cell lines, the response increasing systematically with dendrimer generation and number of surface amino groups. In this work, using generation G4, G5, and G6 dendrimers, this syst...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2010.08.016
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2000.8980
更新日期：2000-08-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2000.8934
更新日期：2000-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxicological and biochemical effects of muconaldehyde, a six-carbon diene dialdehyde, were evaluated in 6- to 9-week-old CD-1 male mice. The LD50 of trans,trans-muconaldehyde was 6.7 and 7.1 mg/kg body wt when calculated by two different methods. Administration of trans,trans-muconaldehyde (2 mg/kg, ip) daily for 10 ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(85)90396-5
更新日期：1985-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of the industrially important compound triethylamine (TEA) and its metabolite triethylamine-N-oxide (TEAO) were studied in four volunteers after oral and intravenous administration. TEA was efficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, rapidly distributed, and in part metabolized into...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(89)90300-1
更新日期：1989-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This study assessed the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) affinity, and cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) protein and activity in polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-induced oxidative stress. In the 1-100nM concentration range benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) but not benzo[e]pyrene (BeP) competitively displaced 2nM [(3)H]2, 3, 7, 8-tetr...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.04.015
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During pregnancy, fetal thyroid hormones (THs) are dependent on maternal placental transport and their physiological level is crucial for normal fetal neurodevelopment. Earlier research has shown that Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) disrupts thyroid function and THs homeostasis in pregnant women and fetuses, and af...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.114960
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Embryo implantation is a crucial step in human reproduction and depends on the timely development of a receptive endometrium. The human endometrium is unique among adult tissues due to its dynamic alterations during each menstrual cycle. It hosts the implantation process which is governed by progesterone, whereas 17β-...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.02.016
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mood stabilizing agents lithium chloride (LiCl) and sodium valproate (VPA) have recently gained interest as potential neuroprotective therapeutics. However, exploitation of these therapeutic applications is hindered by both a lack of molecular understanding of the mode of action, and a number of sub-optimal proper...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2008.10.019
更新日期：2009-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Modified epigenetic programming early in life is proposed to underlie the development of an adverse adult phenotype, known as the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept. Several environmental contaminants have been implicated as modifying factors of the developing epigenome. This underlines the ne...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.012
更新日期：2016-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Uropathogenic Escherichia coli is a common cause of urinary tract infection. We determined the effects of intravesical instillation of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) on muscle contractions, protein kinase C (PKC) translocation, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in rat urinary bladder. ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2005.02.005
更新日期：2005-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Engineered nanomaterials are being developed for a variety of technological applications. However, the increasing use of nanomaterials in society has led to concerns about their potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. During the first decade of nanotoxicological research, the realization has eme...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.014
更新日期：2016-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:L-Buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine (BSO), a potent inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, is commonly used as an experimental tool for the specific depletion of glutathione. Since cysteine is a key precursor for glutathione biosynthesis, we investigated the possibility that BSO might also affect the free cysteine p...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(91)90208-v
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was conducted to evaluate UDP-glucuronosyl-transferase (UDP-GT) activity, UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GA) concentration, and UDP-glucose (UDPG) concentration in the rat intestine and liver following oral administration of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC), phenoba...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(92)90330-u
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to evaluate the developmental toxicity of nitrazepam (NZ) in Sprague-Dawley rats and ICR mice and to determine the metabolic factors which modulate susceptibility to the developmental effects of NZ. Rats were treated orally with a single dose of NZ at 300 mg/kg on Day 12 of gestation. Mice rece...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1993.1150
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors have been shown to produce fewer gastrointestinal adverse reactions when compared with conventional nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and they suppress angiogenesis in tumors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of highly selecti...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2002.9457
更新日期：2002-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The benzofurane derivative benzbromarone (BBR) previously has led to liver tumor formation after long-term treatment of rats, but no indications of genotoxicity were detected. The present studies were designed to elucidate the mechanism(s) possibly involved in liver tumor formation by BBR. Female Wistar rats were used...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(90)90343-s
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is a recognized broad-spectrum antagonist of excitatory amino acid receptors with a particularly high affinity for the glycine co-agonist site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex. KYNA is also a putative endogenous neuroprotectant. Recent studies show that KYNA strongly blocks alp...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2009.07.011
更新日期：2009-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In the metabolism of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), fast denitration with the formation of nitrite ions and a mononitrate plays an important role. In contrast, the denitration of isosorbide-5-mononitrate (IS-5-MN) to isosorbide is very slow. Accordingly po administration of high doses of ISDN (92.5 and 236 mg/kg) in con...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(84)90258-8
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A comparative test in mice for pulmonary toxicity between butylated hydroxytoluene (2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol, BHT) and 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-[alpha, alpha, alpha-2H3]methylphenol (BHT-d3) showed a significantly lower toxic potency of the latter. The rate of in vitro BHT metabolism to 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-methy...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(83)90310-1
更新日期：1983-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been recently recognized that the gut microbiota, the community of organisms living within the gastrointestinal tract is an integral part of the human body, and that its genoma (the microbiome) interacts with the genes expressed by the cells of the host organism. Several important physiological functions requir...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.017
更新日期：2016-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Along with hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxic side effects remain one of the major reasons for drug withdrawals and boxed warnings. Prediction methods for cardiotoxicity are insufficient. High content screening comprising of not only electrophysiological characterization but also cellular molecular alterations are expected t...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.02.008
更新日期：2011-04-15 00:00:00
